句子句子成分讲义ppt课件

1、英语句子的种类英语句子的种类简单句简单句 (simple sentence)并列句并列句 (compound sentence)复合句复合句 (complex sentence)简单句简单句 (simple sentence) 两个主语和一个两个主语和一个谓语谓语 Steve and his friend are coming to dinner. 一个主语和两个一个主语和两个谓语谓语 Mary opened the door and greeted the guests.简单句的五种根本句型根本句型根本句型 一一主语主语+ +谓不及物动词谓不及物动词(S+V )(S+V )V （不及物动词）

2、（不及物动词）1. The moon 2. The man3.He4.Theyrose.cooked.is playinghave gone根本句型根本句型 二二 + + + +主系表主系表( (描画词，名词，介词短语，描画词，名词，介词短语，不定式和分词等不定式和分词等系动词分为以下几类：系动词分为以下几类：判别类：判别类：be, provebe, prove似乎类：似乎类：seem, appear, lookseem, appear, look感官类：感官类：feel, look, sound, smell, feel, look, sound, smell, tastetaste变成类：

3、变成类：become, come, go, get, become, come, go, get, grow, fall, turngrow, fall, turn依然类：依然类：remain, continue, stay, remain, continue, stay, keepkeep（系动词）（系动词）(表语表语)1. This 2. The dinner3. He 4. Everythingis smellsfell looks an English dictionary. good. happy. different. 根本句型根本句型 三三 +主谓及物动词主谓及物动词 宾宾（实义

4、动词）（实义动词）(宾语宾语) 1. Who 2. She 3. He 4. He knows laugh at understands made the answer? her. English. cakes. 根本句型 四 + +IO +主谓及物动词间宾直宾这两个宾语一个是动作的直接接受者，另一个是动作的间接接受者。 （及（及物）物）（多指（多指人）人）（多指物）（多指物）1.He 2. I 3. I showed gave told her him him my pictures. a hand. how to run the machine. 根本句型 五 + + +主谓及物动词宾宾补

5、 动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完好的意思，必需加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才干使意思完好。（及物）（及物）（宾语）（宾语）（宾补）（宾补）1. We 2. They3. What 4. He keep painted makes asked the table the door him me clean. green. sad? to come back soon. 二二 1.They work hard. 主 + 谓 2.The flower is dead. 主 + 系 + 表 3.Plants need water. 主 + 谓 + 宾 4.He gives me so

6、me seeds. 主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 简宾 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 6.Many animals live in trees. 主 + 谓并列句并列句(compound sentence): 把两个或几个简单句用并列把两个或几个简单句用并列连词衔接起来，那么成为一个并连词衔接起来，那么成为一个并列句。列句。常用并列连词常用并列连词 平行并列连词平行并列连词: 转机并列连词：转机并列连词： 因果并列连词因果并列连词: 选择并列连词选择并列连词:and,bothand, not only but al

7、so, neithernorbut,however,while,yetfor,soor,eitherore.g. The teachers name is Smith, and the students name is John.e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.复合句复合句:主句主句+从句从句 主句是一个完好的句子主句是一个完好的句子,它可以独它可以独立存在。立存在。从句是一个不完好的句子从句是一个

8、不完好的句子,它必需和它必需和一个主句连用，不能独立存在一个主句连用，不能独立存在.在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句：在复合句中，主要包含以下类型从句： 1.主语从句主语从句 2.宾语从句宾语从句 3.表语从句表语从句 4.同位语从句同位语从句 5.状语从句状语从句 6.定语从句定语从句句子成分句子成分定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示 Guilin is a beautiful city.描画词 China is a developing country; America is a deve

9、loped country.分词 There are thirty women teachers is our school.名词 His rapid progress in English made us surprised.代词 Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.不定式短语 The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.动名词 He is reading an article about how to learn English.介词短语状语：修饰动词、描画词、副词或整个句子，状语：修饰动词、描画词、副词或整个句子，阐明动作或形状特征的句子成分，叫做状语。阐明动作或形状特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下方式表示：可由以下方式表示： Light travels most quickly.副词及副词性词组 He has lived in the city for ten years.介词短语 He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.不定式短语 He is in the room making a mode