(英语)高三英语阅读理解(社会文化)技巧和方法完整版及练习题含解析

1、（ 社会文化） 技巧和方法完整版及练习题含解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1 阅读理解The United States is home to 562 recognized American Indian Nations each with its own language.Yet the number of native. Americans with the ability to speak their tribes language has decreased over the past century.Now, Indian Nations are trying different

2、ways to expand the number of native speakers, and increase interest in their communities to learn tribal languages.Since the late 1800s many American Indian children have attended boarding schools. At that time, Indian children were required to attend schools by law, and the government forced Indian

3、 families to send their children to such schools.The children were separated from their families. and given English name The teachers often taught native American students in English, instead of the language of their parents. They were told they needed to learn English in order to get a job, earn mo

4、ney and buy a house or nice things.However, fearing a loss of history and culture, the Indian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members.At least one organization is turning to modern technology-The Sealaska Heritage Institute, a nonprofit group, has d

5、eveloped two apps for speakers of the Tlingit language.The Learning Tlingit app serves as a reference for important language topics such as conversation phrases, number, and letters.The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They live mainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had on

6、ly 125 native speakers left. in addition, very few young people are able to speak Tlingit.Currently there are two apps, called Learning Tlingit and Tlingit Language Games. The Learning Tlingit app serves as a language guide. It provides Tlingit words and expressions, the tribal alphabet, as well as

7、a basic list of the words included. With the Tlingit Language Games app, users are given a choice of different places of environments, like a house, forest or ocean.（ 1 ） What is the problem the native Americans are facing now?A.The number of native Americans has been increasing.B.Fewer and fewer na

8、tive Americans speak their own language.C.Their native language has been extinct.D.Its hard to increase the interest of hearing native languages.（ 2） What will be the result if more and more native Americans only speak English?A.They will get better jobs and higher pay.B.They will teach their own ch

9、ildren to speak English.C.They will lose their history and culture.D.They will get along well with the government.（ 3） What can we know about Tlingit?A.It can help the native people know some language topics.B.It can help the: native people earn money and buy a. house or nice things C.It is a very p

10、opular app among the native speakers D.It is a native language spoken by fewer than 200 people.（ 4） What is the main idea of the passage?A.American Indian tribes efforts to increase native speakers.B.Reasons for the disappearance of some American Indian languages.C.Ways to help the native tribes lea

11、d a traditional life.D.The popularity of the language learning apps.【答案】(1) BC(3) D(4) A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国的印第安人正在使用新的方法来增加本族语言 的使用，否则，他们的本族语言将面临严重的危机。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的Yet the numer of native. Americans with the ability tospeak their tribes language has decreased over the past century.但是能说他们本族语言的本地美

12、国人的数量在过去的一个世纪中已将减少。可知，会说本族语的美国土著的人数在过 去的一个多世纪中已经减少了，故选Bo(2)考查细节理解。根据第六段中的However,fearing a loss of history and culture, theIndian Nations are experimenting with new ways to increase the language ability of tribal members.然而，害怕失去自己的 历史和文化，许多印第安部落尝试新的方法来提升族人 的本族语使用能力。可知，如果越来越多的族人只说英语，他们将会失去自己的历史和文 化。故

13、选Co(3)考查细节理解。根据第九段中的The Tlingit tribe has about 10, 000 members. They livemainly in southeastern Alaska. But as of 2013, the tribe had only 125 native speakers left. 特林吉 特部落有大约一万人。他们主要居住在阿拉斯加东南部。但是就2013年的统计，这个部落只有125人可以说自己民族的语言，可知，现在仅仅有不到两百人可以说这种语言了，故 选D。(4)考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美国印第安人在民族语言方面面临的处境以及这 一处境引起

14、的担忧，最后四段提出了针对这一问题的解决方案：美国的印第安人正在使用 新的方法(app)来增加本族语使用人数。选项 A中efforts能凸显人们这一问题的担心及 在努力寻求解决方案方面所做的努力。故选Ao【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需 要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答 案。2 .阅读理解March 21 has been declared World Sleep Day, a time to recognize and celebrate the value of sleep. Many sleep e

15、xperts hope it will be a wake-up callAccording to a poll （民意调查）by the National Sleep Foundation, nearly 4 in 5 Americans dontget as much sleep as they should during the workweek. On average, adults are thought to need at least eight hours of sleep a night, although some can manage with less and some

16、 wont do well without more. But the survey found that, on weekdays, only 21% of Americans actually get a full eight hours of sleep, and another 21% get less than six hours.To many of us, the thought of spending more time sleeping is, well, a big yawn. On the other hand, the thought of being smarter,

17、 thinner, healthier and more cheerful has a certain appeal. And those are just a few of the advantages that can be ours if we consistently get enough sleep, researchers say. Also on the plus side: Were likely to have better skin, better memories, better judgment, and, oh, yes, longer lives.“When you

18、 lose even one hour of sleep for any reason, it influences your performance the next day, says Dr. Alon Avidan, director of the UCLA Sleep Disorders Center.A study published last year found the same to be true even of children. When kids aged 8 to 12 slept for just one hour less for four nights, the

19、y didnt function as well during the day.says Jennifer Vrienshe adds, “ noBut sleeping has an image problem. We see napping or sleeping as lazy,clinical psychologist in Ottawa, Canada, and the leading author of the study with children. so much emphasis on diet, nutrition and exercise. Sleep is in the

20、 back seat. In fact, matter how much we work out, no matter how well we eat, we cant be in top physical shape unless we also get plenty of sleep.”(1) The underlined part in Paragraph 1 means _.A. waking up the sleepersB. drawing peoples attentionC. serving as a morning callD. declaring the special d

21、ay(2) From Paragraph 3 we can infer that _.A. being healthier is one of the advantages for usB. sleeping has nothing to do with ones expectationsC. enough sleep is the guarantee of the appealing thingsD. spending more time in sleeping is a waste of time(3) What Jennifer Vriend said in the last parag

22、raph implies that A. people care little about sleepingB. sleeping is an image problemC. lazy people tend to sleep longD. sleeping is only part of our life(4) What is the purpose of the passage?A. To talk about peoples sleeping problems.B. To provide an investigation result of sleeping.C. To stress t

23、he function of sleeping at night.D. To arouse the awareness of enough sleep.【答案】(1) BC(3) A(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，充足的睡眠对我们非常重要，为了引起人们的足够重视,3月21日被宣布为世界睡眠日。(1)考查词义猜测。此处指，睡眠专家希望3月21日被宣布为世界睡眠日这件事会引起人们对睡眠的重视。由此可知,a wake-up call含有警钟的意思。与B项表述的意思相近，故选B。(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的Onthe other hand, the thought of being

24、smarter,thinner, healthier and more cheerful has a certain appeal.可知，充足的睡眠可以使我们更聪 明、更苗条、更健康、更快乐等，这些都是有吸引力的事情。故选C。(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的Weout so much emphasis on diet, nutrition andexercise. Sleep is in the back seat.可知，人们注重饮食、营养和锻炼，不很重视睡眠。故选A。(4)考查推理判断。这篇文章旨在让人们意识到充足睡眠的重要性，呼吁人们关注睡眠问题。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和

25、推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考 生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3 .阅读理解The influence of America is increasing in my country. Spanish people drink Coca Cola, wear blue jeans, watch Hollywood movies, listen to American music, and eat fast food, and they do these things every day.I think that American movies are a good

26、 way to spread American culture because people are often influenced by what they see in the movies. Most of the programs and documentaries( t己录 片)we watch on TV are from America, and most of the movies we go to see are made in Hollywood.In the last few years, the government has tried to protect the

27、Spanish movies. Now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from Spain or from other countries in Europe.American culture is a part of Spanish life now. Its certain that many things from America are as much a part of peoples lives as Spanish things. For example

28、, Coca Cola is as familiar to everybody as any typical Spanish product. Ive known about Coca Cola for my whole life.However, its different with Western fast food. For example, I dont think McDonalds is as successful in Spain as it is in other countries. In my opinion, one of the reasons may be the l

29、ifestyle of the Spanish people, The Spanish people normally eat at home.On the other hand, maybe McDonalds hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas. Its true that in every city in Spain you can find a McDonalds, and it is more popular among the Spanish children than among the adul

30、ts. In any case, its obvious that American culture is becoming more and more a part of our lives every day.(1) From the first paragraph we can know that _A. the influence of America on Spain can be found everywhere. nB. most Spanish people dont like to listen to their own music,C. fast food spreads

31、from Spain to the United States. D. some Spanish actors go to America to improve their acting skills.(2) What plays an important part in the spreading of American culture in Spain?A. American novels. B. Hollywood movies. C. McDonald. D. American music.A. To protect foreign culture in Spain.(3) Why d

32、id the government set some rules for the films shown in Spain?B. To earn more money from Spanish films.C. To limit the number of foreign movie. D. To unite European Communities.(4) What do you think Spanish tapas might be?A. The name of a drink.B. The name of a restaurant.C. A clothing brand.D. A ce

33、rtain kind of food.【答案】(1) AB(3) C(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了美国对作者家乡西班牙有很大的影响，美国人的饮食习惯。穿着习惯和生活习惯都极大影响了西班牙人。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，到处都可以发现美国对西班牙的影响。选Ao(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的think that American movies are a good way to spreadAmerican culture可知，故答案选 B。(3)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的In the last few years, the government has trie

34、d to protectthe Spanish movies. Now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from Spain or from other co untries in Europe.可推断出,西班牙政府给在西班牙上演 的电影制定一些规则是为了限制外国电影的数量，保护西班牙的电影。选Co(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的On the other hand, maybe McDonalds hamburgers willeventually replace

35、the famous Spanish tapas.可知，或许麦当劳的汉堡将最终取代著名的西 班牙tapas,由此可推断tapas指西班牙的一种食品。选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考 生准确掌握细节信息，并进一步根据上下文进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4.阅读理解Beginning life at college naturally develops both excitement and anxiety for many reasons. Fors ome, this feeling is quickly overcome as they

36、 adapt to a new environment; for others the change takes longer and sometimes appears as homesickness.If you are homesick, you might notice an increase in:Low energy or motivation.Trouble sleeping.Increases/decreases in appetite.Having difficulty with school.Increased use of drugs or alcohol.Lack of

37、 interest or involvement in new surroundings.CAUSESThe distance from home the farther you go, the worse it may be.Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of student life.You have finally arrived at college after working toward it for so long.A heavy workload.Students who are hom

38、esick often feel they have no control over their environment.WHAT MIGHT HELP?Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind, but also give yourself time within the university to begin to get involved here.Be realistic about what to expect from student life and from yourself. Set up a bala

39、nce between work and leisure.If work is proving too difficult, you may need to improve your study skills or your organization of time.Remember to get enough food and sleep! These affect you emotionally as well as physically. Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other

40、 interests.If you stop being able to do normal social and academic things, seek professional help either from your advisor or dean or the counseling service.(1) What might be a sign of feeling homesick?A. Feeling like quarreling with someone else.B. Becoming interested in study than ever before.C. F

41、inding food or fruit less attractive.D. Participating in almost all activities in college.(2) New college students might be homesick because.A. they are never far away from their parentsB. they feel upset about something unexpectedC. they suddenly do not have anything to doD. they do not like the un

42、iversity they are in(3) Which of the following measures might be helpful for homesick students according to the text?A. Keeping their old friends left behind.B. Reminding themselves to keep busy and forget it.C. Forcing themselves to stay in their dorms on weekends.D. Going in for sports with their

43、friends.【答案】(1) CB(3) D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刚离开家上大学的学生面对新环境可能遇到的问题和给他们提出的建议。(1)细节理解题。由原文 Increases/decreasesn appetite.可知，如果一个人想家，就有可 能增加或减少食欲，所以 C选项 感觉食物或水果失去吸引力”符合题意，而其他选项想跟别人吵架”、对学习比以前更感兴趣 ”和 几乎参加了大学所有的活动”都不符合题意。所以答案选Co(2)细节理解题。由原文 “Unhappinesswhen things are different from your expectations of

44、 student life.可知，当事情不符合新入学的学生的期望时，他们就会不高兴。所以B选项他们对不符合预期的事物感到厌烦”符合题意。所以答案选Bo(3)推理判断题。由原文 “Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind 可知，” 要跟留下的人保才I联系，所以 A选项 要一直让老朋友留下”是不正确的。由原文 “Setup a balance between work and leisure.可知，应该在工作和休闲之前建立一个平衡，所以 B选 项 提醒他们自己保持忙碌并忘记想家”是不符合题意的。由原文 “Makecontac

45、ts and friendsthrough shared activities such as sports or other interests. 可知，可以通过运其他兴趣来 结识其他朋友，所以 C选项 强迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合题意的，而 D选项 跟朋友一 起运动”是正确的。所以答案选Do【点评】推断题型答题技巧。推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直 接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合 文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接 陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否

46、，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在 字里行间的语气及观点。5.阅读理解Visitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry. After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrella, parcels and other items as determined by security officers must be left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance. All oversized

47、bags, backpacks and luggage must be left at the checkrooms near the 4 th Street entrance of either the East or West Building. These items will have to be x-rayed before being accepted. Items of value, such as laptop computers, cameras and fur coats, may not be left in the checkrooms but may be carri

48、ed into the gallery. We regret that the museum doesnt have enough space for visitors items larger than 17*26 inches in the gallery.Additional security procedures and checks may be taken according to the decision of the gallery.*For the safety of the artworks and other visitors, nothing may be carrie

49、d on a visitors back. Soft front-baby carriers are allowed, but children may not be carried on shoulders or in a child carrier worn on the back. Wheelchairs are available free of charge near each checkroom.*Smoking is prohibited. Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas. Unope

50、ned bottled water may be carried only in a visitors bag. Cell phones may not be used in the gallery.*Animals, other than service animals, are not permitted.*Skateboarding is prohibited.*Picture-taking(including video) for personal use is permitted except in the special exhibits.*Please dont touch th

51、e works of art.(1) According to the text, which item can be carried into the gallery?A. umbrellaB. packageC. IpadD. suitcase(2) When in the gallery, what can visitors do?A. They can carry opened bottled water in their bags. B. They can drink inside the food service areas.C. They can take pictures fo

52、r personal use anywhere. D. They must pay if they use wheelchairs for the children.(3) What is the text mainly about?A. The polices of the galleryB. The artworks of the galleryC. The location of the galleryD. The history of the gallery【答案】(1) CB(3) A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了参观博物馆的一些规定。比如，游客携带的 物品需要在入口处接受

53、检查；过大的物品不允许带入博物馆；此外，除了服务犬外其他动 物不允许进入等等。考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Afte门nspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrella, parcels andother items as determined by security officers must be left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance.可知，“伞、背包和手提包等都不可以带进国家美术馆。故选 C (2)考查推理判断。根据带星号要点的第二点“Foodand drink are

54、not permitted outside thefood service areas.可知，不允许饮食服务区以外的食品和饮料，可推知可以饮用饮食服务 区内供应的饮料，故选 Bo(3)考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了艺术展上，参观者需要注意的事项，故选Ao【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅 读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出 正确答案。6.阅读理解To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be

55、able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasant voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he doesnt si

56、t still before his class; he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings.There are very important differences between the teachers work and the actors. The actor has to speak words which he

57、has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand(预先).What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage. A good teac

58、her works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand anything, they say so. The teacher cant learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.I have known many teachers who are fine actors in class but are unable to