课文改错必修五备课(复习)

1、必修五Unit 1 Great Scientists I.词语辨析 1). character/characteristic n. 【解释】character 性格，品质 （本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符characteristic 特点，特征（区别于其他事物）2). examine/ check /test 检查【解释】examine仔细察看或观察（以了解情况或是否有问题或毛病）check检查 （含有“校对”或“找错”的意思）test 检查，检测（以某种手段来试一试某人或某物是否达到了一定的标准）3) cure/ treat 治疗，【解释】cure 表示治愈的结果 treat 表示治疗

2、的过程4) blame/scold 责备【解释】blame 责备；谴责； 归咎于强调对某种可以解释的失误或不良行为的谴责或惩罚：scold 斥责”、“责骂”指大声呵斥，责备，唠唠叨叨地说，常用于长辈对晚辈5) reject /refuse 拒绝【解释】reject 后接名词，（含对被抛弃的东西不屑一顾）refuse 后接名词，动名词 ，可表“谢绝”II. 词形变化science n，科学scientific adj.科学的scientist n.科学家announce v宣布announcement n.宣布announcer n，广播员，告知者instruct v.指导，命令instruct

3、ion n.指导，指示instructive adj.有益的，教育性的enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的enthusiasm n.狂热，热心enthusiast n.热心家，狂热者valuable adj.有价值的value n. 价值value v. 估价, 评价【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) The _ took a very _ approach to _.(science)2) The _ make a(n) _ that all the details should _ through the broadcast.(announce)3) It

4、 is _ and easy for the children to read some masterpieces with the _ at the bottom of each page.(instruct)4) “You dont seem very _ about the idea.” “I dont mind,” she said, without much _.(enthusiasm)5) There is no any criterion to _ whether it is _ information. (value)keys: 1) scientist; scientific

5、; science 2) announcer; announcement; be announced 3) instructive;instructions 4) enthusiastic; enthusiasm 5) value;valuable 重点词汇1. conclude vi.终结； 结束; 推断； 决定 重点用法 conclusion n. 结束,结论makedrawreachcome toarrive at a conclusion下结论，得出结论；bring sth. to a conclusion使结束；in conclusion作为结论，最后；2. attend v. 1)

6、注意；留意；处理(与to连用)=do with2) 出席；到场： 3)照看；照料：=take care; look after 重点用法 attendance n 出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料 attend school上学attend a lecture/meeting听讲座/出席会议attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼/参加典礼3. expose vt.1)使暴露, 显露 2)曝光 3)揭露重点用法 exposure n(在日光、风雨、危险中)暴露，暴晒(后接to + n)；(摄影的)曝光be exposed to .置身于;暴露于4. absorb 1) 吸收 2)

7、使(精神)贯注 3)占用(时间)重点用法 be absorbed in 全神贯注于;热衷于;absorb ones attention吸引某人注意力5. blame vt责备；谴责；归咎于；n责怪；(过失、过错等)责任 重点用法blame sbfor(doing)sth 因(做)某事而指责某人blame sthon sb 因某事而指责某人sbbe to blame for(doing)sth 因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责；注意: be to blame 应负责 (无被动形式)。6. instruct vt教导; 指示 重点用法instruct sb.( in sth.) 教, 教导,传授技能i

8、nstruct sb. to do; instruct wh-命令, 指示,instruct that-clause通知7. contribute vi&vt捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿 重点用法 contribution. n. 捐献，贡献；投稿 contributeto 向捐献(投稿) contribute to促成，起作用，有助于 make a contribution totowards向捐赠；对作出贡献注意: 以上短语中to为介词； 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1put forward 提出(建议等)；推荐某人或自己任职位；提名 短语归纳 put on穿上；增加 put on p

9、erformances演出 put an end to结束；终止 put off推迟；延期； put ones heart into全神贯注于put down写下 put out生产；扑灭 put back放回；送回 put up举起；张贴2apart from 除之外;另外 短语归纳 in addition to除之外(还有,包括在内) besides 除之外(还有,包括在内) except (for)除之外除之外(还有,不包括在内) except that 除了除之外(还有,不包括在内)3. make sense讲得通；有意义 短语归纳make no sense讲不通；无意义 make s

10、ense of 了解,明白in a sense就某种意义而言；在某种意义上重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次瘟疫爆发，数以千计的人们在恐惧中死去解释 every time可作连词使用，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次，每当”immediately，the moment，directly，instantly等都可以作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”2. Only if you put the sun there did the mo

11、vements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说的清楚解释Only 引导的状语放在句首，句子需用半倒装3. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it .他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转解释with + 宾语+ v. ing / v. ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases构成的复合结构在句中

12、通常作为状语，表示背景情况，为方式，原因或条件等课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力） 这篇短文的主要意思是说斯诺找到了一种叫做霍乱疾病的起因，这是19世纪发生在伦敦的一种致命的疾病。在斯诺的努力，该疾病终于得到控制。答案：The main idea of this passage is that John Snow found out the cause of the disease called cholera which was a deadly disease in London in the 19th century. With Snow s great efforts

13、, the disease was finally under control.课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1【原句】John Snow was a well-known doctor in Landon( and he was) so famous, indeed (插入语), that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. 模仿要点两个简单句合并成一句，很好地运用了插入语和符号来压缩句子。2【原句】Although he had tried to ignore them, all h

14、is mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.模仿要点 冒号加that从句3【原句】He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 模仿要点 句子结构：with 的复合结构作定语修饰前面的名词。课文词汇

15、等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等） In the times of Queen Victoria, so-called King Cholera hit Londoners, which often 1 （导致）large numbers of 2 (dead). Thanks to John Snow, a then well known 3 , this deadly disease finally got controlled. John Snow thought 4 most important was to find its 5 . So he began to gat

16、her the information, for which he made a map, on which he marked 6 the 7 （受害者）had lived. As a result, he found out that the 8 (污染) water was the cause of cholera and suggested that the source of all water supplies 9 （检查）immediately. Finally King Cholera 10 (defeat). 语法填空 In the past, there lived a f

17、oolish man in a small kingdom called Zheng. One day he wanted to buy 31 a pair of new shoes. He measured his feet with a ruler first and wrote down his size. 32 he was in such a hurry to set out 33 he left it at home. When he arrived at 34 shoe shop, he felt in the pocket only 35 (find) that it was

18、not there. So he said apologetically, I have left the measurement at home and dont know the size. Ill fetch it in one minute. 36 these words， he hurried off as fast as his legs could carry him. He ran back home, found it and then to the shop again. But still 37 took him quite a while and the shop wa

19、s already 38 (close) then. He had gone to all this trouble for nothing and did not get his shoes. Then someone asked him with 39 (curious), “Did you buy the shoes for yourself or someone 40 ?” “ For myself, of course. he answered. Then why dont you try the shoes on by yourself?”Unit 2 The United Kin

20、gdom词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). divide/separate v.【解释】divide “把一个整体分成若干部分”,破坏了宾语的完整性,常与 “into”连用separate 指”把原来连在一起或靠近的部分分割开来”,常与 “from” 连用2). puzzle/confuse【解释】puzzle 指“情况错宗复杂, 因而使人感到困惑不解”confuse 指“把事物混淆或弄乱“或“由于混淆、混乱而糊涂”, 语气较弱, 常指暂时现象3) debate/argue/discuss/quarrel辩论,争论【解释】debate就已经确定或统一的问题,各述己见,公开,正式的争

21、论.含交锋的意思argue 指提出理由或事实，试图在争辩中说服对方，或促使他人拥护自己倡导的理由或观点：discuss指一般讨论,谈论 quarrel常指因琐事而感到气愤,进行争吵4) influence/affect【解释】affect着重影响一个人的感情或健康，也指事物受到影响influence影响,指对人或事物起某种作用，使其行为,性格或观点等发生变化，常含有潜移默化的意味.重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. consist vi.由.组成, 在于, 一致consist of=be made up of 由组成;由构成2. clarify v.澄清, 阐明3. convenien

22、ce n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具 重点用法 inconvenience n 不方便convenient adj 便利的，适宜的at ones convenience在某人方便的时候for ones convenience(of)为了某人的方便for conveniences sake为了方便起见make a convenience of 利用4. influence n.& vt.影响, 感化, 势力, 有影响的人(或事) 重点用法have influence on/with对产生影响under the influence of 在.的影响下5. available ad

23、j.可用到的, 可利用的,有空的, 重点用法反义词：unavailable 6. arrange v.安排, 排列, 协商 重点用法arrange for安排, 准备arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事7. delight n.快乐, 高兴, 喜悦v. (使)高兴, (使)欣喜 重点用法take/find/have delight in喜爱, 以.为乐to sb.s delight令人高兴的是. delight in 嗜好重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1.take the place of代替,取代 重点用法take place发生；举行take one

24、s place就位；代替某人in place of (= instead of)代替in place在适当的位置out of place不得其所，不适当地in the first place首先from place to place到处；各处2. break down损坏，跨，压倒，分解 词汇激活 break away from摆脱，脱离break in闯入；插话break into闯入；破门而人；打断(谈话)break off中止折断；打折break out爆发；突然发生break through突破；冲垮break up分解；(使)结束;分开,分离3. leave out省去,遗漏 重点用

25、法leave for 动身到(某处)leave alone不管;撇下一个人leave aside搁置leave behind遗忘;遗留重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.没有必要去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。解释There is no need to do没有必要做某事There is no doubt that 是毫无疑问的课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的

26、能力） 从短文中我们得知联合王国由四个国家：英格兰，威尔士，苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成。它还介绍了英国和伦敦，并说明英格兰文化如何受到入侵者的影响。答案：From the passage we know the United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It also gives us a brief introduction of England and London, and explains how the culture of England was in

27、fluenced by its invaders课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1【原句】The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings.模仿要点 将两个简单句合并成一句，并很好地运用with + N. 作定语。2【原句】There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the

28、four countries.模仿要点 句子结构：there is no need to do sth3【原句】Now when people refer to England you find Wakes included as well.模仿要点 句子结构：when you will find sb included as well文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等） The United Kingdom 1 （由组成） four countries: England, 2 , Scotland and Northern Ireland, 3 is known to th

29、e world in a flag 4 (call) the Union Jack. The four countries do work together in some areas, but they have developed different 5 (教育的) and legal systems. England, the largest of the four countries, is 6 (大致) divided into three zones. Its capital, 7 , has been influenced by the invaders of England,

30、and you will find 8 greatest historical treasure in it.语法填空 For many times in the past years I went to the hospital for some minor 31 (treat) during my travel in other cities. It was the 32 (sad) moment of my life, I think, because nobody would come to the hospital to visit me. 33 patients had famil

31、y or friends to visit them during the visiting hours I felt really alone. 34 is it possible that out of a whole world full of people, 35 would come to visit me for just an hour? The answer in my case was simple. With a bit of medication (药物治疗), I was back in the stream of life again. But I 36 (leave

32、) with a deep thought for all the people and the elderly. 37 knows how many others that lie in the hospital with nobody 38 (visit) them or give a kind word of comfort? I had this wonderful idea of forming 39 organization in cities around the world, getting to hospitals to visit the patients who neve

33、r get a visit and someone local could drop 40 with a smile and a kind word. Wouldnt it be nice and relatively easy to do?Unit3 Life in future词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). surrounding/ environment n. 环境【解释】surrounding 指周围或附近的一切事物;环境(常用复数)environment 指生态环境，自然环境(与the连用);还指影响个体或事物行为或发展的环境.2). swift/fast/quick

34、/soon【解释】swift指运动的流畅性与稳靠性fast 更多指运动中的人或物quick大多指花费极少时间或反应或动作的敏捷soon 时间副词,指先后发生的两件事之间的时间间隔短II 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）settlement n. 定居；解决settle v. 安放, 使定居, 安排; 安家, 定居surrounding n. 周围的事物；环境 surround v. 包围, 围绕press v. 按；压；逼迫pressure n. 压, 压力,require v. 需要；要求；命令requirement n. 需要；要求；命令impression n. 印象, 感想,im

35、press v. 印, 留下印象【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1） _ by green hill on the north and south and a blue sea on the east, this city really enjoys nice _.(surrounding)2） Its time you _ your difference with your father. (settlement)3） -Whats your _ of the new teacher?-He is a kind and handsome young man, but wh

36、at _ me most is his sense of humour.(impression)4） It is _ that all students should wear the school uniform in school, but not all students obey the _. (require)5） The nurse _ the wound and the _ to the arm stopped the bleeding at last. (press)重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. private adj. 1)私人的；个人的 2)私下的, 保密的;

37、 2. settlement n. 1) 定居点C 2)（解决纷争的）协议C 3) 解决，处理U 重点用法settle v.定居 come to a settlement解决; 决定; 和解settle in Canada. 定居加拿大settle down安顿下来：过稳定有序的生活：3. impression n.印；印痕；印记；印象；意念；概念 重点用法impress v.留下印象impress sthonupon ones mind 把牢记在心上have an impression of sthdoing sththatmake an impression on sb 给某人留下印象ma

38、ke no impression on 对无影响效果give sba favorable impression给某人以好印象an impression of sbs foot某人的脚印4. remind v.提醒；使想起 重点用法remind sbof sth=remind sbabout. 提醒某人某事；remind sbthat也可以表示“提醒某人做某事”或“使某人想起去做某事”。5. previous adj.先的, 前的; 事前的; 以前的 重点用法previous to 在之前6. lack vt.缺乏；没有 n.缺乏；短缺的东西重点用法lack sth.(wisdomcommon

39、sensemoney缺乏智慧常识/金钱)be lacking in (couragedetermination to do.) 缺乏做某事的勇气决心athe lack of 的缺乏for lack of 因缺乏have no lack of 不缺乏7. require v.需要；要求；命令 重点用法require+ n./ pron. /doing sth./ to do sth/that-clause8. assist vt.vi帮助；援助订参与，出席 重点用法assist sb in/with sth辅助(某人)某事assist sbin doing sth 辅助(某人)做某事assist

40、 sbto do sth 辅助(某人)做某事assist with 帮助(照料，做)；在上给予帮助重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. take up 从事；占(时间、空间、注意力、等)；继续 短语归纳take off脱掉（衣服等）；起飞：打折：作为折扣而减价：take over接管：获得对的控制或管理take apart拆开：分开后将分成许多部分take for把视作：误认为take for granted认为是理所当然 take down写下,记下take back收回(诺言);2.be similar to 与相似 相似短语归纳be familiar to 对某人来说是熟悉的be

41、familiar with 某人对很熟悉in a similar way以与.相似的方式3.lose sight of/ catch sight of不再看见./ 瞥见重点用法gethave(a)sight of 看见，发现at(the)sight of 一看见at first sight 乍一见 out of sight 不被看见，在视线之外 out of sight of 在看不见的地方inwithin sight 被见到，在视线内 inwithin sight of在看得见的地方4.sweep up打扫；横扫 短语归纳sweep aside放堆到一边, 不予理会sweep away扫清,

42、 迅速消灭, 肃清, 冲走sweep off扫清; 吹走; 大量清除sweep out扫掉; 清除sweep over将.一扫而光重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome? 你认为未来的人们将克服什么问题?解释 此句为复杂疑问句，其句式结构为：疑问词+do you think+其余部分(其余部分为陈述语序),do you think 为插入成分。能用于此句型的动词有：think，believe，suppose，imagine，suggest，expect等。课文

43、大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力） 本文显示了李强对未来公元3008生活的印象，和他如何被安全的运到未来世界，如何使用新的装置抵达汪平家的以及他在那儿所见所为。答案： The passage shows Li Qiangs impressions of the future life in AD 3008 and how he was transported safely into the future and how he used the new equipments to get to Wang Pings home . And what he saw and did th

44、ere.课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1 【原句】The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, which made us sleepy, our eyes closed. 模仿要点句子结构：定语从句插入在状语和主句之间2【原句】I got lost when we reached the place that looked like a large market because of the people flying by in all direction. 模仿要点 句子结构：（时间状语定语从句）插入在

45、句子中间，通常放在句首。课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等） Li Qiang took up a prize 1 he won last year and traveled to the 2 AD 3008. Although he 3 （遭受）“time lag”，he was transported 4 (safe) into the future in a time capsule. 5 (混淆) by the new 6 （环境）, he was hit by a lack of fresh air and his head ached. He had to pu

46、t on a mask to get enough oxygen. Then he flew behind Wang Ping in a hovering carriage. 7 (arrive) at Wang Ping s home, Li Qiang 8 (show) into a large room with a wall 9 （make）of trees, a brown floor and soft lighting. 10 (exhaust), Li Qiang slid into bed and fell fast asleep.语法填空 Chen Ping and his

47、sister Chen Ying dreamed about taking a great bike trip since middle school. After 31 (graduate) from college, they finally got the chance to make their dream come 32 (truth). His sister 33 (think) of the idea to cycle 34 the Mekong River. They also made 35 cousins interested in cycling. Wang Wei st

48、uck to the idea 36 they found the source and began their journey there. When she heard that the source of the Mekong River is 37 Qinghai Province, she wouldnt change her mind. She even felt 38 (excite) when she knew that their journey would begin at 39 altitude of more than 5,000 meters. Before the

49、trip they found a large atlas in the library, from 40 they knew clearly about the Mekong River.Unit4 Making the newsII 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). occupation/profession/job/work n. 工作,职业【解释】occupation较为正式,常用于所填的表格上profession常指需要专门技能，尤指需要较高教育水平的行业,职业.job可数名词,可指独立的一份工作或职位 work不可数名词,泛指一切工作2). acquire /obta

50、in/get/gain v. 获得【解释】obtain 包含着“努力”、“希望”或“决意”去获得某物的意思。通过努力工作而得到所需东西get是最普遍、使用范围最广的词以某种方式手段获得某物acquire经过努力的过程逐渐获得gain有obtain的含义，但更强调目的物需要努力奋斗才能得到，而且这种东西具有价值，特别是物质价值。3) accuse/charge v.控诉,起诉【解释】accuse 常用于accuse sb. of sth.charge 常用charge sb. with sthl4) process/progress/procedure【解释】process CU进程，过程，程序

51、 progressU前进, 进步, 发展 procedureCU 程序, 手续 5) accurate /correct/exact/right【解释】accurate 表示“准确的”,精确的”,指“通过努力, 使事情达到正确或精确correct为一般用语, 指“正确的” exact表示“确切的”,“精确无误的”,指“与事实完全相符”right最合适的; (就情况等而言)最好的, 可取的;或表示与事实，常理或真实情况相一致的，相当于correct/exactIII 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. employ v.雇佣,使用employment n.雇佣employer雇佣者, e

52、mployee受雇者2. approve v.赞成,批准approval n,赞成,批准3. profession n.职业,专业professional adj.专业的4. guilt n.犯罪 guilty adj. 犯罪的,内疚的5.concentrate v.集中注意力concentration n.专注,专心【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 This book demanded all your_.(concentrate)1） My parents didnt _ of my leaving school this year and I had to accept their

53、 _.(approve)2） We need enough _ engineers to undertake the job.(profession)3)His _ was proved beyond all doubt by the prosecution and he felt _ about not telling the truth to the judge (guilt )4)The factories that _thousands of workers criticized the method _by the countrys government.(employ)重点词汇 （

54、旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. concentrate vt.集中；聚集 concentrated on the task before us. 我们专注于眼前的任务重要用法concentration n. 集中， 专心with deep concentration专心concentrate ones attention on upon 把注意力集中在2. course n.过程；进程；课程；一道菜a course of medical treatments. 医学治疗的一个疗程a short -term course短期班a dinner of five courses有五菜的正餐3. tr

55、ade 1) vi.交易, 买卖, 经商, 对换, 购物vt.用.进行交换 2) n.行业；贸易；商业 重要用法trade in做.生意, 经营trade sth. for sth.以.换取.; trade sth. with sb. 同某人交换某物4. defend vt.防护,护卫; 以行动, 语言或文字替.辩护或答辩重要用法defend against保卫; 抵抗defend from保护, 保卫(使不受伤害)5. senior adj.年长的；高年级的；高级的n.年长者，长辈senior staff高级职员a senior officer高级军官a senior high school高中senior student高年级学生sh