初中形容词副词

1、形容词和副词I. 形容词：形容词的位置：1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：1 修饰 some, any, every, no和 body, thing, one 等构成的复合不定代 词时, e.g. nobody absent, everything possible, something new;2以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 the best book available, the only solution possible3 alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 the only pe

2、rson awake4 和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long5 成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful6 形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序： 县官行令杀国材(限观形龄色国材) 代词 数词 性状形容词 冠词前的形容词 冠词 指示代词 不 定代词 代词所有格 序数词 基数词 性质 状态 大小 长短 形状 新 旧 温度 颜色 国籍 产地 材料 质地 名词 all both such the a this another your se

3、cond next on e four beautiful good poor large short square new cool black yellow Chinese London silk stone3) 复合形容词的构成：1 形容词+名词 kind-hearted 6 名词+形容词 world-famous +ed2 形容词+形容词 dark-blue 7 名词+现在分词 peace-loving3 形容词+现在分词 ordinary-looking 8 名词+过去分词 snow-covered4副词+现在分词 hard-working 9数词+名词+ed three-egged

4、5 副词+过去分词 newly-built 1 0 数词 +名词 twenty-yearII. 副词 副词的分类：1 时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently2 地点副词 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above3 方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really4 程度副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather5 频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never6 疑问

5、副词 how, where, when, why7 连接副词 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile8 关系副词 when, where, whyIII. 形容词和副词比较等级： 形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级， 比较级和最高级。 比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加 more和most。1. 同级比较时常常用 as, as, 以及 not so(as), as, 如： I am not sogood a player as you are.2. 可以修饰比较级的词有： much,

6、many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little,still, yet, by far, any, a great deaJ3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“ the more, the more, ”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如： I have never spent a more worrying day.5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：Our school is three times larger than yours. / Ou

7、r school is four times as large as yours. / Our school is four times the size of yours.6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如： favourite, excelle nt, extreme, perfect 形容词与副词解析陷阱题分析1.We dont care if a hunting dog smells , but we really dont wanthim to smell .A. well, well B. bad, bad C. well, badly D. badly, bad

8、2“Our team is to win the match”. “Really? But I dont think so.”A. Easy B. difficult C. Possible D. sure3. Mary is very clever and worth teaching, but her brother is not.Look, he is now asleep in class.A. very, very B. much, very C. well, very D. well, fast4. -“Could I take your order now?”“-Yes. One

9、 tea and two coffee”s.A. black, white B. red, white C. black, green D. red, black5. A road goes from one place to another.A. straight, straight B. straightly, straightlyC. straight, straightly D. straightly, straight6. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard voice.A. a better B. a best C. the

10、better D. the best7. You are careful than your brother. You two cant do the workthat needs care and skill.A. not more B. no more C. not less D. no less not more , than = 不 如, no more , than = 和, 一样不 （ 否定两者 ） not less , than = 不如 , 不 （即指不如 less 后形容词的反面 ） no less , than = 和, 一样 （ 肯定两者 ） 比较以下各句的意思： You

11、 are more careful tha n he is.你比他仔细。 You are not more careful tha n he is.你 不如他仔细。You are no more careful than he is.你和他一样不仔细。You are less careful than he is你不如他仔细（你比他粗心）。You are not less careful than he is. 你比他仔细（你不如他粗心） 。 You are no less careful than he is. 你和他一样仔细。8. “Oh, how fat he is!” “But I t

12、hink he is than fat.”A. Short B. shorter C. more short D. shortest（更多的）是”，而不是” “与其,不如, 等。如：He was more lucky tha n clever.他是靠运气而不是靠聪明。 She was mare surprised than angry. 她感到更多的是惊讶而不是生气。 This is more a war movie than a western. 这更应当说是一部战争片，而不是西部片。陷阱题训练1.It was opportunity to miss.A. too good an B. a

13、too good C. too a good D. too good2.I dont like it at all. It can t be .A. Better B. Worse C. best D. worst3. There was nothing special about this film it was only . A.Particular B. Average C. interesting D. strange4.She looks very but I can t remember her name. A. Similar B.Familiar C. friendly D.

14、strange5.He said he would return the money, and I was . A. fool enoughto believe him B. enough fool to believe him C. fool enough believing him D. enough fool believing him6. “This book is more useful for us students.” “ Yes, but it is too difficult. ”A. quite, quite B. much, rather C. rather, quite

15、 D. quite, much7. The children all looked at the broken model plane and felt quite. A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad8. The child dreamed that he had once lived in a house in theforest. A. wooden pretty little B. little pretty wooden C. pretty little wooden D. wooden little pre

16、tty9. He wanted to read more, so he asked his friends if there was to read. A. something easy enough B. something enough easy C. enough easy something D. easy enough something10. The doctor assured the patient that there was with her, but shecould not help worrying. A. seriously wrong nothing B. not

17、hing serious wrong C. nothing seriously wrong D. serious nothing wrong11. How is your father? Hes fine. Hes to play tennisevery Sunday. A. enough active still B. enough still active C. still active enough D. still enough active12. Did you wash your new suit in hot water? Of course not. I am not fool

18、ish. A. Very B. That C. very much D. too13. Which team is to win the game? I dont know, but Ive found for ours to win. A. probable; it unlikely B.likely; itpossible C. possible; it possible D. likely; it possibly10. He didnt understand the question, so there was a expression on his face. A. puzzling

19、; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling 111. She can speak in front of Mack, but she cant eat inhis restaurant. A. free, free B. free, freely C. freely, free D. freely, freely16. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood to hermother. A. Close B. Cl

20、osely C. closed D. closing17. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he passed the last exam. A. Easily B. Hardly C. actually D. successfully18. In my apartment there are two rooms, is used as a living room.A. larger one B. the larger of which C. the largest one D. the

21、largest of which19. “Are you satisfied with his answer?” “ Not at all. It couldn t have been ”. A. Better B. Worse C. more D. less20. Im at sums than Jean, but better at history. A. More B. Less C.worse D. cleverer21. We couldnt have picked day for the picnic it rainednonstop. A. a worse B. a worst

22、C. the worse D. the worst22. I know this is not quite the right word, but I cant be bothered to thinkof . A. a better B. a best C. the better D. the good23. Did you enjoy yourself at the party? Sorry to say I didn t. Itwas a meeting than a party. A. more like B. quite like C. less likeD. more or les

23、s24. When they arrived at the school it was raining harder. A.More B. Quite C. very D even25. With the development of the Internet, communication isdone by regular mail. A. Less B. More C. little D. few26. If you dont like the red coat, take the blue one. OK, but doyou have size in blue? This one s

24、a bit tight for me. A. a big B. abigger C. the big D. the biggerIf there were no examinations, we should have at school. A. thehappiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a muchhappier timeThis dress is prettier, but it costs that one. A. twice more than B.twice as much as C. as mu

25、ch twice as D. twice so much as【答案与解析】 1. 选 A ，too , to , 结构除用于“ too + 形容词或副词+ to do sth”外，也可用于“ too +形容词+ a / an +单数可数 名词 + to do sth”。2.选 B, it can t be worse 相当于 It s the worstthing I ever knew。 3. 选 B， average 意为“平常的”、“普通的”。 4. 选 B， similar 指“相似”， familiar 指“熟悉”。 5. 选 A ，此处的 fool 虽为名词，但具有形容词的性质，

26、相当于foolish。6.选B。虽然quite, rather, much均可用于加强语气，但是修饰比较级或副词too（太）时，只能用rather或much,而不用quite。7.选D。第一个look是实 义动词（注意与之搭配的介词 at），第二个look是连系动词。8.选 C。多个形容词共同修饰一个名词时，它们的位置遵循这样的原则： 描绘形容词大小（长短高低）形容词形状形容词年龄（新旧） 形容词颜色形容词国籍形容词材料形容词用途 （类别）形容 词一名词（动名词）。9.选A。做对此题要注意两点：一是修饰 something, anything, nothing 等复合不定代词的形容词,应置于被

27、修 饰语之后；二是副词 enough 修饰形容词或副词时也应置于被修饰语 之后。 10. 选 C。 wrong 修饰 nothing, seriously 修饰 wrong。 11. 选 C。still修饰active，置于其前；而副词 enough修饰形容词或副词 时应置于被修饰语之后。 12. 选 B。 that 在此作副词不是代词,用 法相当于so。其余三者填入空格处语意不通。13.选B。14.选A。 15.选C。第一空填freely，意为“自由地”；第二空填free,意为“免 费地”。 16. 选 A。 close 与 closely 的区别是：指实际距离近，用 close;指抽象意义

28、，用closely。17.选B。首先应弄清 second to none 的意思，照字面理解是“对谁都不是第二” ，言外之意就是“第一” ，或者说是“最好”。再联系句中的 but 可知，选项 B 最恰当。 18. 选B，由于是两个房间，即是两者比较，故宜用比较级，因此排除 C和 D;又由于两句之间没有连词，故不宜选A。注：若在空格前加上and 一词，则要选A。19.选B。此题关键是要理解 Not at all的意思。根据上文语境， Not at all 为 I am not satisfied at all with his answer 之 省略，即表示“我对他的回答一点也不满意” ，既然如

29、此，他的回答 当然会是It couldn t have been worse （不可能更糟）。20.选C, 句意为“我的算术比琼差，但我的历史比她强” 。注意句中的转折连 词 but 及其后的 better。21. 选 A， we couldn t have picked a worstday 实际意思是 it is the worst day we ve picked。 22. 选 A， a better 为a better one之省略。另外，a better one （个更好的）是与其前 文“我知道这不是一个很适合的词”相呼应的。23.选A。根据空格后的than,排除B和D ;根据语境，

30、排除C。24.选D。more后 不能比较级，故排除 A； quite 除用于 quite better 外，不用于修饰比 较，故排除B； very不用修饰比较级，故排除 C。25.选A。若选 B或C均不合事实；若选D，不合语法，因为few后要接可数名词 的复数形式。26.选B。从句意看，空格处应填比较级bigger，因此 排除A和C。选项B与D的区别是，一个用了不定冠词，一个用 了定冠词， 两者的区别是， 不定冠词表泛指， 定冠词表特指。 27. 选 D。由于是将有考试与没有考试作比较，所以应用比较级，不用最高 级，由此排除A和C。选B的错误在于用了 more happier这样的双 重比较级

31、（more后不能再加比较级）。28.选B。修饰as as的副词应置于该结构之前 练习题训练1.Lizzie was to see her friend off at the airport A a little morethan sad Bmore than a little sad Csad more than a little Da little moresad than2.2.If you cant come tomorrow，well have to hold the meetingnext week A yet Beven Crather D just3.The husband ga

32、ve his wife every mob 山 in order to pleaseher A all half his income Bhis half all income Chalf his all incomeD all his half income 4.The great success of this programme has beendue to the support given by the local businessmen A ratherBvery C quickly D 1argely 5.The number of people present at theco

33、ncert was than expected There were many ticketsleft Amuch smaller Bmuch more Cmuch larger D many more6.John Smith，a successful businessma，nhas a car A 1argeGerman white B1arge white German Cwhite large German DGermanlarge white 7.students are required to take part in the boatrace A Ten strong young

34、Chinese BTen Chinese strong youngC Chinese ten young strong D Young strong ten Chinese 8.The house smells as if it hasn t been lived in for years A 1ittlewhite wooden B1ittle wooden white Cwhite wooden little D woodenwhite little 9.When we plan our vacation ， mother often offerssuggestions A careful

35、 Bpractical Ceffective Dacceptable 10.Mary kept weighing herself to see how much she wasgetting A heavier Bheavy Cthe heavier Dthe heaviest 11.He speaks English well indeed，but of course not a native speaker A asfluent as Bmore fluent than Cso fluently as Dmuch fluently than 12.In Chinese culture， m

36、arriage decisions were often made by parents for their children Atraditional B historic Cremote Dinitial 13.Most people on this island are recreational fishers， and，fishing forms an actual part of their leisure time A accidentally Bpurposefully Cobviously D formally 14.I must be getting fat-I can d0

37、 my trousers up A fairly B hardly Cnearly Dseldom 15.Mr. Smith used to smoke but he has given itup A seriously Bheavily Cbadly Dhardly 16.Everyone Was on time for the meeting Chris，whos usually ten minutes late foreverything A but Bonly Ceven Dyet 17.That doesnt sound very frightening ，PaulIve seen

38、What did you like most about thefilm? A better Bworse Cbest Dworst 18.I have worked with him for some time and have found that he is _than John A more efficiently a worker B a more efficient worker C more an efficient worker D a worker more efficiently 19.， some famous scientists have thequestions o

39、f being both careful and careless A Strangely enoughB Enough strangely CStrange enough DEnough strange 20.Allen hadto call a taxi because the box was to carry all the wayhome A much too heavy Btoo much heavy Cheavy too much D. too heavy much 21.Our neighbor has ours A as a big house asBas big a hous

40、e as Cthe same big house as Da house the same big as22. We were in when we left that we forgot the airlinetickets A a rush so anxious Ba such anxious rush Cso an anxious rush D such an anxious rush23. -I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a ear cut in and knocked me down -You can never

41、 be careful in thestreet A much Bvery Cso DToo24. -You dont look very Are you ill? -No ， Im just a bittired A good Bwell C strong DHealthy25. Four of Roberts children were at the party， including ，Luke A the eldest Ban oldest one Cthe old Dan old one 26.Many students signed up for the race in the sp

42、orts meeting tobe held next weekA 800-metre-longB 800-metres-longC800 metre lengthD 800 metres length26. After supper she would sit down by the fire ， sometimes for anhour， thinking of her young and happy days.as long as B. as soon as C as much as D as many as27. Borls has brains. In fact, i doubt w

43、hether anyone in the class has IQ.A a high B a higher C the higher D the highest28. All the people at the party were his suporters.A present B thankfulC interested D important29. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood to hermother.A close B closely C closed D closing30. As far a

44、s i am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, .A the more for life are you equipped B the more equipped for life you amC the more life you are equipped for D you are equipped the more for life- i am very with my own cooking. It looks nice and smellsdelicious.31. - Mm, it does have a smell.A pleasant; ple