高考英语考试目标

1、students: class 3, senior threeteacher: shen pingtime:2007.10.17 wed.practical reading skillsreading objectives (35)(高考英语考试目标高考英语考试目标)2. to guess the meaning implied in the passage(推测文章中的隐含意义推测文章中的隐含意义)3. to understand the words and sentences by context(根据上下文正确理解词语和句子根据上下文正确理解词语和句子)4.to finish readi

2、ng different types of writing by reading skills (用阅读技能完成不同文体的阅读用阅读技能完成不同文体的阅读)1.to understand and conclude the major idea of the passage (理解归纳文章主旨大意理解归纳文章主旨大意)practical reading skills1. to find out the title, key words and key sentences.2. according the context and the relationship between words, on

3、e can guess the meaning.3. to understand the words and sentences through word-building（构词法）（构词法）,synonym（同（同义词），义词），sentence conversion（句型转换）（句型转换）etc.4. to use different kinds of reading skills (skimming, scanning, skip)homework1. review the reading skills we have learnt today.2. finish the extra e

4、xercises.1.to understand and conclude the major idea of the passage(理解归纳文章主旨大意理解归纳文章主旨大意) (07上海上海c篇篇) （1）主题句在段首 一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报则是论证性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。道中多采用这种格式。 _example 2some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do.

5、others prefer to be left to work on their own. still others like a democratic discussion type of class. no one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time. （2）主题句也会出现在段尾。）主题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据作者先摆出事实依据, 层层推理论证层层推理论证, 最后自然得出结论最后自然得出结论, 即段落的主题。即段落的主题。本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现本段的中心思想在结

6、尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论。它是此段内容的结论。 _ _ what do you want to be when you grow up? a teacher? a doctor? how about an ice-cream taster? yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice-cream. just ask john harrion, an “official taste tester” for the past 21 years. testing helps manufacturers to b

7、e sure of a products quality. during his career harrison has been responsible for approving large quantities of the sweet ice cream as well as for developing over 75 flavors (味道味道).68. which of the following is probably the best title of the passage? a. tasting with eyes b. flavors of ice cream c. j

8、ohn harrisons lifed. one cool job实战练习实战练习 07上海上海reading a_2. to guess the meaning implied in the passage (推测文章中的隐含意义推测文章中的隐含意义)a. skills：(1) 解推断题最主要的方法是根据解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关词义关系系推断具体细节。推断具体细节。 (2)推理的根据来自于推理的根据来自于上下文上下文。b. 推断题的常见形式：推断题的常见形式：(1) it can be inferred from the text that (2) from the text we

9、know that (3) the story implies that (4) the paragraph following the passage will most probably be (5) the writers attitude towardis example 1 one day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“i need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂蟑螂) and two spiders.” “what do you

10、 need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised. “well，”replied the man，“im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that i should leave the house in exactly the same condition as i found it.”q： the passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was _.a. ver

11、y clean b. just cleaned by the landlordc. tidy and comfortable d. dirty and full of insects_ _根据根据词义关系词义关系推断具体细节。推断具体细节。 example 2 twelveyearold sally was an active girl，but her sister was quite sedate a. pretty b. calm c. protective d. energetic 【解析】答案为解析】答案为 b calm。句中的。句中的 but合符逻辑，指明合符逻辑，指明sedate正

12、是正是active的反义词。的反义词。calm实为实为sedate的同义词的同义词或近义词。这样或近义词。这样but就成为寻找就成为寻找sedate这个生词意思的这个生词意思的答案的线索或信息。答案的线索或信息。3. to understand the words and sentences by context (根据上下文理解词语和句子根据上下文理解词语和句子)a.skills (1) 利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理逻辑上的推理.b.常见形式常见形式 1) the underlined word in the p

13、aragraph refers to /means 2) what does “_” in paragraph stand for /mean?3) “_” could best be replaced by which of the following?4) the expression /phrase “_” means 5) the word “_” is closest in meaning to（2）常用的手段是利用）常用的手段是利用多种表达法多种表达法、词的多义性词的多义性、同近同近义语替换义语替换、习语释义、句型或语态转换、习语释义、句型或语态转换,否定命题假设否定命题假设等等,

14、有时还需依靠有时还需依靠构词法构词法。when a contractor is ready to begin construction of a superhighway, he makes a preliminary study of the drawings and blueprints supplied by the engineers. he gains mental picture of the whole job before he begins actual construction a. preparatory b. extensive c. scientific d. nec

15、essaryexample 4example 2rainforests like the amazon are important for mopping up co2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming. currently the trees in the amazon take in around 500 million tonnes of co2 each year: equal to the total amount of co2 giving off in the uk each year.q: the un

16、derlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph means_. a cleaning up b taking in c wiping out d giving out example 1(nmet2005上海卷，上海卷，a篇篇)simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or walls inthe countryside to guide you. count your steps so th

17、at you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are. now you need never get lost again!68. according to the passage, the best way to find your way around is to _.a. ask policemen for directions. b. use walls, streams and str

18、eets to guide yourself.c. remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs. d. count the number of landmarks that you see. 析：此题题干中的析：此题题干中的find your way around与题区中的与题区中的find your direction形成同义指代，由此根据题区确定答案是形成同义指代，由此根据题区确定答案是b项。项。example 3 (nmet2004上海卷，上海卷，d篇篇) no one can claim that the fashio

19、n industry contributes anything really important to society. fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. 88. the writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _ ofclothing. a. cost b. appearance c. comfort d. suitabilit

20、y 析：此题属于取非求解，题干中的词组析：此题属于取非求解，题干中的词组placed morestress on和题区中的和题区中的are rarely concerned with形成形成强烈的对比。题干对题区进行了否定命题假设，所以答案强烈的对比。题干对题区进行了否定命题假设，所以答案要根据题区进行推论，并得出正确答案是要根据题区进行推论，并得出正确答案是c4.to finish reading different types of writing by reading skills(用阅读技能用阅读技能完成不同文体的阅读完成不同文体的阅读)a.注意点注意点:高中教材中的阅读材料题材多样，

21、体裁各异。高中教材中的阅读材料题材多样，体裁各异。从从文学角度文学角度来分，有来分，有小说、戏剧、诗歌、散文小说、戏剧、诗歌、散文等。但从文章的等。但从文章的写作方式写作方式上来看，一般都以上来看，一般都以记叙文和说明文记叙文和说明文为主。记叙文中包为主。记叙文中包括括传记、故事、传奇和游记传记、故事、传奇和游记等。说明文中涉及了等。说明文中涉及了科学技术、天科学技术、天文地理、环境保护、自然灾害、医疗救护和饮食文化文地理、环境保护、自然灾害、医疗救护和饮食文化等主题。等主题。 b. reading skills :1.extensive reading: we must train our

22、ability to scan, skip and read fast. namely, the ability to catch the key words, the topic sentences and the drift of the articles. 泛读泛读 : 要培养浏览要培养浏览,跳读和快读的能力跳读和快读的能力.即抓住关键词即抓住关键词,主题句和主题句和中心大意的能力中心大意的能力 . 3s(scan, skim, skip)scanning: like skimming, scanning is also quick reading. however, in this c

23、ase the search is more focused. to scan is to read quickly in order to locatespecific information. when you read , you need to find a particular date, name, or number you are scanning.07上海上海reading b69. the fresh water series at 9 pm _. a. explores the lakes, rivers and the creatures in them b. is d

24、evoted to the freshwater creatures in the world c. explains the relationship among inhabitants on the earth d. focuses on the deepest river on the planet70. the phrase “stow away” most probably means “_”. a. hide secretly b. talk excitedly c. operate easily d. guide successfully71. a mystery story a

25、dapted from agatha christies novel will be shown on _. a. bbc1b. bbc2c. itv1 d. channel 4aacskimming: skimming is quick reading of the general ideas of the passage. this kind of rapid reading is appropriate when trying to decide if careful reading would be desirable or when there is not time to read

26、something carefully.07上海上海reading (e)a.do established musicians have a responsibility to guide and assist young up-andcoming musicians?b.did anyone promote your musical education when you were growing up?c.what kind of “world music” do you enjoy?d.whats your comment on pop music?e.does the contempor

27、ary music press give jazz the coverage it deserves?f.whats wrong with the music on the radio?an interview with wynton marsalis, a noted jazz musician80. there were the older jazz musicians who hung around our housewhen i was young. i saw how much they practiced, how serious they were about their art

28、. i knew then i had to work just as hardif i wanted to succeed. of course, my father inspired me a lot, and many teachers took the time to nurture my talent and the talents of other students in our school.81. yes. weve done such a poor job with music education because, as a society, we havent mainta

29、ined the kind of education that a true artist and musician needs. young people havent been able to equate romance and talent with music. for instance, most of the people who make it in the music industry today have to look good. how they sound is secondary. sarah vaughan, bessie smith, ella fitzgera

30、ld those big, romantic queensof jazz music wouldnt make it in todays music industry, and thats a shame. we need to teach young people about the alternatives.ba84. the music press has so much to introduce these days, and jazz is just a small fraction of it. because some people are intimidated by jazz, the