九上英语被动语态的总结与复习

1、The Passive Voice Lesson Style: Revision（被动语态）（被动语态）.Focus on the Passive Voice()主动语态主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语和被动语态态(The Passive Voice) Many people speak English. (主动语态主动语态:主语是动作的执行者主语是动作的执行者)English is spoken by many people. (被动语态被动语态:主语是动作的承受者主语是动作的承受者)Turn the following sentence into the Passive

2、 Voice: We planted many trees last month. Many trees were planted by us last month.1.主动语态改被动语态的步骤及注意事项主动语态改被动语态的步骤及注意事项:Conclusion (1).步骤步骤: 首先首先, 要弄清楚主动语态中的主语、谓语和宾要弄清楚主动语态中的主语、谓语和宾 语及其时态语及其时态; 其次其次, 把主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语把主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语;然后然后, 把主动语态的谓语动词改成相应时态的把主动语态的谓语动词改成相应时态的 被动结构被动结构; 最后最后, 当需要指出动作的

3、执行者时当需要指出动作的执行者时,由由by引出组引出组 成介词短语成介词短语,其它句子成分不变其它句子成分不变 .Conclusion :要使用被动语态的几种场合：要使用被动语态的几种场合： 1.不知道或者没有必要指出谁是动作执行者时不知道或者没有必要指出谁是动作执行者时; The cars are made in Japan. 2.需要强调或突出调动作的承受者时需要强调或突出调动作的承受者时; English is used most widely in the world. 3.有的动作的发出者不是人时有的动作的发出者不是人时; His house was washed away in t

4、he flood. 4.文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语. Waiters Wanted (招聘服务员招聘服务员,省去了省去了are.)总结各种不同时态中总结各种不同时态中被动语态的构成被动语态的构成1.Football is played all over the world.2.Cameras are used for taking photos.3.I am taught by him this year.4.The telephone was invented in 1876 . 5. Five eggs were used to make this big c

5、ake. Lets read and observe (观察观察)carefully, then draw some conclusions(结论结论).一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时6.The ground will be covered with trees in a few years. 7.They will be sent to the hospital right now. 8. A talk is going to be given soon.9.My watch is being repaired now.10.Some computers are being che

6、cked there.11.I am being watched by everyone. 一般将来时一般将来时现在现在 进行进行时时12.Trees must be planted around our school.13.Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes .14.Must our homework be handed in now?15.The food has been eaten up already.16.Those mobile phones have been stolen.17.Have the ap

7、ples been paid for yet?含情态动词含情态动词现在现在 完成时完成时构成构成不同时态的被动语态的构成不同时态的被动语态的构成 一般过去时一般过去时： was / were + vt.p.p. 情态动词情态动词： must /can /could /may + be + vt.p.p.现在进行时现在进行时: (am / is / are) + being + vt.p.p. 一般将来时一般将来时: will be + vt.p.p. be going to be + vt.p.p.现在完成时现在完成时: have / has +been + vt.p.p.过去进行时过去进行时

8、: (was /were ) + being + vt.p.p. 我们该如何变被动语态呢？我们该如何变被动语态呢？1 动作承受者动作承受者+be +过去分词过去分词+（by + 动作执行者）动作执行者）+其余部分其余部分2 根据实际情况变化一下根据实际情况变化一下 be .（根据被动语态的构成根据被动语态的构成）（目的是为了保持时态和形式与原句一致目的是为了保持时态和形式与原句一致。）。）(2). 注意事项注意事项:时态与原句保持一致时态与原句保持一致 ; 人称代词主格、宾格的变化人称代词主格、宾格的变化; 大小写的变化大小写的变化; 变化后被动句中主谓在人称和数上的一变化后被动句中主谓在人称

9、和数上的一致致.练习练习 主动变被动主动变被动1.They use a recorder in class.2.He writes some letters to his classmate.3.The workers built our new building a month ago.4.The boy turned on a light when he left. A recorder is used by them in class.Some letters are written by him to his classmate.Our new building was built b

10、y the workers a month ago.A light was turned on by the boy when he left.5、We should plant the trees around the lake 6、We must repair the computer now .7、Students should correct their mistakes .8、We must water the trees well.The trees should be planted around the lake .The computer must be repaired n

11、ow .Their mistakes should be corrected .The trees must be watered well.被动语态的注意事项被动语态的注意事项1.含被动语态的句子的句型转换含被动语态的句子的句型转换特殊疑问句的被动语态特殊疑问句的被动语态2.简单句的五种基本句型中的两种句型没有语动语态简单句的五种基本句型中的两种句型没有语动语态 主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词没有被动语态形式不及物动词没有被动语态形式.常用的不及物动词或短语常用的不及物动词或短语动词有动词有: happen, break out, take pla

12、ce, belong to ,break down , appear, disappear等等.表感官功能或变化的系动词没有被动语态形式表感官功能或变化的系动词没有被动语态形式. 这类词主这类词主要有要有: smell, taste , sound, look, feel, get, turn,become等等.There be 结构没有被动语态。结构没有被动语态。主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态。主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态。3. 有些及物动词用作不及物动词有些及物动词用作不及物动词,表示主语表示主语(表表物物)的某种性质时，不用被动语态的某种性质时，不用被动语态 。这类词这类词

13、主要有主要有:open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, ride ,draw等等,且这些词后多有副词且这些词后多有副词 well . The pen _ (write) very well. This kind of sweater _ (sell) well.writessells4. 一些相当于及物动词的短语动词一些相当于及物动词的短语动词(动词动词+介词或介词或动词动词+副词）变为被动语态时副词）变为被动语态时,应将该短语动词应将该短语动词视为一个整体视为一个整体,不能漏掉其中的介词或副词不能漏掉其中的介词或副词. eg.We sh

14、ould speak to the old politely. The old should be spoken to politely.We can take good care of your child. Your child can be taken good care of .5.及物动词后有复合宾语及物动词后有复合宾语,即动词后有宾语即动词后有宾语和宾语补足语时和宾语补足语时(主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语补足宾语补足语语),只需将宾语提前变为被动句的主语只需将宾语提前变为被动句的主语,宾语补宾语补足语保留在原位足语保留在原位.We call him Tom. He is ca

15、lled Tom. (by us).We must keep our classroom clean every day. Our classroom must be kept clean every day.6. 带双宾的谓语动词，即有些动词带有两个宾带双宾的谓语动词，即有些动词带有两个宾语，直接宾语和间接宾语语，直接宾语和间接宾语（主语（主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾语）宾语）有两种改法有两种改法: 通常把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语通常把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,直接直接宾语仍保留在原位宾语仍保留在原位; 当把直接宾语改成被动语态的主语，间接宾当把直接宾语改成被动语态的主语，间接宾语前必须

16、加介词语前必须加介词 to 或或 for. 间接宾语前加间接宾语前加 to的动词有的动词有give, show, send, pass, bring, lend, tell等等;间接宾语前加间接宾语前加 for 动动词有词有buy, sing, make, draw, cook, mend, do, get, find等等.e.g. He bought me a new bike yesterday. I was bought a new bike yesterday.A new bike was bought for me yesterday. He gave me a dictionary

17、. I was given a dictionary (by him). A dictionary was given to me (by him).7.使役动词使役动词have ,let, make和感官动词和感官动词see, hear, watch, notice在主动语态中后接省略在主动语态中后接省略to的不定的不定式作宾语补足语式作宾语补足语, 改成被动语态时改成被动语态时, to必须还必须还原原。We heard him sing the song last Sunday. He was heard to sing the song last Sunday.但注意但注意:We hea

18、rd him playing the piano just now.He was heard playing the piano just now.被动语态加上被动语态加上toto1.They heard him say good-bye to his 1.They heard him say good-bye to his teacher after class.teacher after class. He _ _ _ _ good-bye to his He _ _ _ _ good-bye to his teacher after class.teacher after class.2

19、.They made him do the work just now.2.They made him do the work just now. He _ _ _ _ the work just He _ _ _ _ the work just now.now.3.His teacher notices him play a computer.3.His teacher notices him play a computer. He _ _ _ _ a computer. He _ _ _ _ a computer.was heard to saywas made to do is noti

20、ced to play常用常用 被动语态的词组被动语态的词组：1.被用来做某事被用来做某事 被某人使用被某人使用 被用作被用作2.由由制造制造 在某地在某地/某时制造某时制造3.被制成被制成4.由由组成组成/构成构成5.装满装满6.由由/被被覆盖覆盖7.被迫做某事被迫做某事be used for doing sth / to do sth. be used by +人人be used asbe made of/from +原料原料be made in +地点地点/时间时间(年年月月) be made into +成品成品be made up of be filled withbe covere

21、d withbe made /forced to do.即时演练即时演练:1. If the work _, you can go and play games. A. finished B. has finished C. will be finished D. is finished2. It was raining heavily outside, the children were made _ in the classroom. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed3. Ten letters _ by Kate so far. A. has written B. was written C. have been written D. is writingDBC4. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not