新视野大学英语第一册第8单元sectionAU-08A

1、Birth of Bright IdeasAIR FORCE UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERINGSection AFOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESSUnit 8Birth of Bright IdeasN H C EN H C ELead-in课文课文小结小结预习预习写作写作What do the pictures tell of?N H C EN H C EFor moreLead-in课文课文小结小结预习预习写作写作Back随随 笔笔 TipsN H C EN H C E More pictures for you to

2、 talk about the topicsome of the important inventions of There are many other inventions familiar to us, including But they are enough to indicate that these landmarks have made a great difference to the way always carry about within us a deep gratitude to the people who bring endless joy and comfor

3、t to our lifeTipsFor moreLead-in随随 笔笔 Click here N H C EN H C EMore Questions1. Why could these people make such inventions?2. Is there anything special about those like Thomas Edison?3. Have you ever experienced the sudden arrival of a bright idea?课文课文小结小结预习预习写作写作BackTo be continuedLead-in随随 笔笔 Tip

4、sN H C EN H C E1. Why could these people make such inventions?develop ones brains into inventive ones The big difference lies in the fact that top achievers react to the sudden arrival of a new idea push them to turn it into being TipsFor more课文课文小结小结预习预习写作写作BackLead-in随随 笔笔 TipsN H C EN H C E2. Is

5、there anything special about those like Thomas Edison?the most special about them is / the ability to extend ones brains to the point where / a good climate for the birth of bright or unique ideasTipsFor more课文课文小结小结预习预习写作写作BackLead-in随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C E3. Have you ever experienced the sudden arriv

6、al of a bright idea?experience the birth of bright ideas / excitement over hitting upon the best ways / to attack complex problems in / All of a sudden / a good solution burst into my mind / become a piece of cake to me / the feeling of that achievement / be still fresh in my mindTipsTips课文课文小结小结预习预

7、习写作写作BackPre-reading Activities课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C ERichard Wagner复合听写复合听写 视频讨论视频讨论Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C E Richard Wagner (1813-1883), the greatest composer of German opera, made a major addition to the nature of opera through his writings and the creation of music drama. M

8、usic drama combines singing, orchestra, verse, story,drama and spectacle. Wagners works include “The Ring of the Nibelungs” (1853-1874), a set of four operas based on historical German stories. The first of the four operas in the “Ring” cycle, exemplifies Wagners theory of music drama in its purest

9、form.Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入复合听写复合听写 视频讨论视频讨论随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EThe Rhinegold Henri Poincare (1854-1912), agreat French mathematics and theoretical science professor at the Sorbonne (University of Paris), had a highly original influence on the development of pure and applied mathematics. He also worke

10、d on functions that changed celestial mechanics, helped pioneer algebraic topology and co-discovered the special theory of relativity. Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入复合听写复合听写 视频讨论视频讨论随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EHenri Poincare Descartes (1596-1650), a famous French philosopher, mathematician and scientist, was one of t

11、he most influential thinkers in history. He is considered the founder of both modern philosophy and analytic geometry. During his life, established ideas were being challenged, so he tried to develop a way to reach the truth. He based his theory that the world is made up of mind and matter on a conc

12、ept that came to him in a dream. Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入复合听写复合听写 视频讨论视频讨论随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C ERene Descartes Compound DictationYou will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S8 with the exact words you have ju

13、st heard. For blanks numbered from S9 to S11 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Now listen to the passage.Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入背景知识背景知识 视频讨论视频讨论 For more随随 笔笔 N H

14、 C EN H C ECompound DictationBack课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入背景知识背景知识 视频讨论视频讨论随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EFreud was one of the first scientists to make serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of S1 _ based in the brain that S2 _ how we act, think, feel and reason. He used long talks with patients and t

15、he study of dreams to search for the causes of mental and S3 _ problems. He also tried hypnosis. He wanted to see if putting patients into a S4 _ condition would help ease S5 _ minds. In most cases he found the effects only S6 _.activitiesinvolveemotionalsleep-liketemporarytroubledCompound Dictation

16、Back课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入背景知识背景知识 视频讨论视频讨论随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EFreud believed that all the painful memories of childhood lay buried in the S7 _ self. This part of the mind, he said, contains wishes, desires and experiences too frightening to S8 _. If these memories could somehow be brought into the consci

17、ous mind, S9 _. unconscious recognize the patient would again feel the pain Compound DictationBack课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入背景知识背景知识 视频讨论视频讨论随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EBut this time the person would experience them as an adult. The patient would feel them, S10 _. In this way, Freud reasoned, the pain and emotional p

18、ressure of the past would be greatly weakened. S11 _. Soon the patient would get better. be able to examine them and, if successful, finally understand them They would lose their hold over the persons physical health Watch and DiscussBack课文课文小结小结写作写作导入导入Directions: Watch the video and then discuss t

19、he topics as follows:Video WatchingKeyKey背景知识背景知识 复合听写复合听写 随随 笔笔 N H C EN H C EIs genius the result of nurture or nature?Are there any secrets to being creative?BackMain Ideas &Structure3Text StudyNew Words1Text Reading2小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C E课文分析课文分析 New Words & Expressions课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Bac

20、k小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C Esatisfactory a.令人满意的令人满意的flash vi.1. 突然产生突然产生 2. 飞驰飞驰, 掠过掠过particularly ad.特别是特别是; 特别地特别地glow vi.发光发光creationn.1. U 创造创造 2. C 作品作品mysteryn.C 谜谜; 神秘的事物神秘的事物reasonable a.合理的合理的; 适当的适当的psychologyn.U 心理学心理学psychologistn.C 心理学家心理学家process n.C 过程过程; 进程进程New Words & Expressio

21、ns课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C Epersonality n.1. C 名人名人 2. C, U 性格性格intensify v. (使使) 增强增强, (使使) 加强加强 genius n.1. C 天才天才 2. U 天赋天赋philosophyn.U 哲学哲学invention n.1. U 发明发明 2. C 发明物发明物logic n.U 逻辑推理逻辑推理 signal n.C 信号信号, 暗号暗号dramatica.1. 引人注目的引人注目的 2. 戏剧的戏剧的compose v./vt.创作创作

22、 / 由由组成组成occupy vt.1.使忙于使忙于 2.占用占用(时间时间, ,空间空间)New Words & Expressions课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C Efling vt. 1. 突然地移动突然地移动 2. 猛扔猛扔; 抛抛couch n.C 长沙发长沙发miraclen.C 奇迹奇迹mighty a.强大的强大的, 巨大的巨大的orchestra n. C 管弦乐队管弦乐队orchestral a.管弦乐的管弦乐的; 管弦乐队的管弦乐队的contrast n.C, U 对照对照; 差异差异c

23、ombine v. (使使) 结合结合; (使使) 联合联合 combinationn.C, U 结合结合, 合并合并; 组合物组合物surgevi.汹涌汹涌; 涌现涌现mathematiciann.C 数学家数学家New Words & Expressions课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C Estable a.稳定的稳定的existence n.U 存在存在observe vt.观察观察; 注意到注意到 explosion n.C 1. 爆发爆发; 爆炸爆炸 2. 激增激增exemplify vt.举例说明举例

24、说明certainty n.U 确定确定; 确定性确定性, 必然性必然性enthusiasm n.U 热情热情; 积极性积极性representative a.典型的典型的, 有代表性的有代表性的count v.记数记数, 点数目点数目countless a.无数的无数的, 不计其数的不计其数的New Words & Expressions课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C Esource n.C 源泉源泉, 来源来源instinctive a. (出于出于) 本能的本能的 responsible a. 1. 是是的

25、原因的原因 2. 有责任的有责任的disorganizevt. 使混乱使混乱, 打乱打乱disorganized a.杂乱无章的杂乱无章的; 无计划的无计划的elementn.C 元素元素; 成分成分sleep on sth. 暂时不作决定暂时不作决定 a gift from the gods 天赐天赐; 走运的机会走运的机会 depend on 依靠依靠, 依赖依赖 write down 写下来写下来 New Words & Expressions课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C Ebe occupied wit

26、h 忙于做忙于做, 专心于专心于 seek for 寻找寻找 as though 好像好像 take shape 成形成形 put into (以以方式方式) 表达表达 at work 在起作用在起作用 arrive at 达成达成 (协议协议), 得出得出 (结论结论) search for 搜索搜索, 寻找寻找 fill sb. with sth. 使充满使充满 (感情感情) Richard Wagner 理查德理查德 瓦格纳瓦格纳 (作曲家作曲家) New Words & Expressions课文分析课文分析 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H

27、 C EN H C ERhinegold 莱茵河的黄金莱茵河的黄金Spezia 斯佩齐亚斯佩齐亚 (意大利的港市意大利的港市)Henri Poincare 亨利亨利 庞加莱庞加莱 (法国数学家法国数学家) Fuchsian functions 富克斯函数富克斯函数 Descartes 笛卡尔笛卡尔 (法国数学家法国数学家)Text Reading词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入N H C EN H C EPara. 1 No satisfactory way exists to explain how to form a good ide

28、a. You think about a problem until youre tired, forget it, maybe sleep on it, and then flash! When you arent thinking about it, suddenly the answer arrives as a gift from the gods. 词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H C EPara. 2 Of course, all ideas dont occur like that

29、 but so many do, particularly the most important ones. They burst into the mind, glowing with the heat of creation. How they do it is a mystery, but they must come from somewhere. Lets assume they come from the “unconscious”. This is reasonable, for psychologists use this term to describe mental pro

30、cesses, which are unknown to the individual. Creative thought depends on what was unknown becoming known. 句型句型句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H C EPara. 3a All of us have experienced this sudden arrival of a new idea, but it is easiest to examine it in the great

31、creative personalities, many of whom experienced it in an intensified form and have written it down in their life stories and letters. One can draw examples from genius in any field, from religion, philosophy, and literature to art and music, even in mathematics, science, and technical invention, 词汇

32、学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H C EPara. 3b although these are often thought to depend only on logic and experiment. All truly creative activities depend in some degree on these signals from the unconscious, and the more highly insightful the person, the sharper and

33、more dramatic the signals become. 句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H C EPara. 4a Take the example of Richard Wagner composing the opening to “Rhinegold”. Wagner had been occupied with the idea of the “Ring” for several years, and for many months had been strugglin

34、g to begin composing. On September 4, 1853, he reached Spezia sick, went to a hotel, could not sleep for noise without and fever within, took a long walk the next day, and in the afternoon flung himself on a couch intending to sleep. 词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H

35、 C EPara. 4b Then at last the miracle happened for which his unconscious mind had been seeking for so long. Falling into a sleeplike condition, he suddenly felt as though he was sinking in a mighty flood of water, and the rush and roar soon took musical shape within his brain. 句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析

36、随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H C E Para. 4c He recognized that the orchestral opening to the “Rhinegold”, which he must have carried about within him yet had never been able to put into form, had at last taken its shape within him. In this example, the conscious mind at the moment

37、of creation knew nothing of the actual processes by which the solution was found. 词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H C EPara. 5a As a contrast, we may consider a famous story: the discovery by Henri Poincare, the great French mathematician, of a new mathematical metho

38、d called the Fuchsian functions. Here we see the conscious mind, in a person of highest ability, actually watching the unconscious at work. For weeks, he sat at his table every day and spent an hour or two trying a great number of combinations but he arrived at no result. One night he drank some bla

39、ck coffee, contrary to his usual habit, and was unable to sleep. 词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H C EPara. 5b Many ideas kept surging in his head; he could almost feel them pushing against one another, until two of them combined to form a stable combination. When mo

40、rning came, he had established the existence of one class of Fuchsian functions. He had only to prove the results, which took only a few hours. Here, we see the conscious mind observing the new combinations being formed in the unconscious, while the Wagner story shows the sudden explosion of a new c

41、oncept into consciousness. 句型句型词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H C EPara. 6 A third type of creative experience is exemplified by the dreams which came to Descartes at the age of twenty-three and determined his life path. Descartes had unsuccessfully searched for cer

42、tainty, first in the world of books, and then in the world of men. Then in a dream on November 10, 1619, he made the significant discovery that he could only find certainty in his own thoughts, cogito ergo sum (“I think; therefore, I exist”). This dream filled him with intense religious enthusiasm.

43、词汇学习词汇学习 课文分析课文分析 随随 笔笔 Back小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Text ReadingN H C EN H C EPara. 7 Wagners, Poincares, and Descartes experiences are representative of countless others in every field of culture. The unconscious is certainly the source of instinctive activity. But in creative thought the unconscious is re

44、sponsible for the production of new organized forms from relatively disorganized elements. Main Idea of the TextGood ideas come from the unconscious mind or brain activity usually not controlled by us. It is easiest to examine it in the great creative personalities.Birth of Bright IdeasPart IIIStruc

45、ture of the TextPart IIPart I词汇学习词汇学习 课文阅读课文阅读 The passage is made up of seven paragraphs, and, according to the pattern “ArgumentIllustrationConclusion” the author employs in his writing, it can be roughly divided into three parts. Back随随 笔笔 For more details小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Main Idea of Part IParas.

46、 1-3 Argument: Creative thoughts depend on what was unknown becoming known. This is easily seen in the famous creative people.Devices for Developing ItBirth of Bright IdeasThe author raises the topic by adopting argumentation through concession.Part IIIPart IIPart IBack词汇学习词汇学习 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 For mo

47、re details小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Paras. 4-6 Illustration: The author presents three examples: Wagners conscious mind knew nothing about the process of idea forming while Poincares conscious mind observed the process of idea forming in the unconscious, and Descartes dream enabled him to make an important di

48、scovery.The author employs comparison and contrast in giving his illustration.Main Idea of Part IIBirth of Bright IdeasDevices for Developing ItPart IIIPart IPart IIBack词汇学习词汇学习 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 For more details小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入Para. 7 Conclusion: In creative thought the unconscious is responsible for

49、the production of new organized forms from relatively disorganized elements.The author concludes the passage by adopting the device of induction.Main Idea of Part IIIBirth of Bright IdeasDevices for developing itPart IIPart IPart IIIBack词汇学习词汇学习 课文阅读课文阅读 随随 笔笔 For more details小结小结预习预习写作写作导入导入 Summar

50、yEnglish Equivalents of ChineseCreative Application of Typical ExpressionsFurther Application of Typical Patterns课文课文导入导入预习预习写作写作N H C EN H C Eto experience sth. in an intensified form 短语活用短语活用 句型应用句型应用 English Equivalents of Chinese 1. 形成一种好的观点形成一种好的观点 2. 上天的赏赐上天的赏赐 3. 闪烁着创造的光芒闪烁着创造的光芒 4. 用这一术语来描述用

51、这一术语来描述 5. 极富创造力的人极富创造力的人 6. 对对有着强烈的感有着强烈的感受受 7. 一定程度上取决于一定程度上取决于 8. 挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来 9. 一头扎进沙发一头扎进沙发 10. 进入似睡非睡状态进入似睡非睡状态 to form a good idea to arrive as a gift from gods to glow with the heat of creation to use this term to describe the great creative personalities to depend in some degree on struggl

52、e to ones feet to fling oneself on a couch to fall into a sleeplike condition 随随 笔笔 Back课文课文导入导入预习预习写作写作N H C EN H C EEnglish Equivalents of Chinese 11. 陷入滔滔洪水陷入滔滔洪水 12. 某事在他心中成形某事在他心中成形 13. 看着看着在起作在起作用用 14. 毫无结果毫无结果 15. 一反常态一反常态 16. 一直萦绕在心间一直萦绕在心间 17. 确证确证的存在的存在 18. 寻找确定性寻找确定性 19. 使他充满激情使他充满激情 20.

53、相对无序的成分相对无序的成分 to sink in a mighty flood of water to take its shape within him to watch sth. at work to arrive at no result to be contrary to ones usual habit to keep surging in ones head to establish the existence of sth. to search for certainty to fill him with intense enthusiasm relatively disorg

54、anized elements 短语活用短语活用 句型应用句型应用 随随 笔笔 Back课文课文导入导入预习预习写作写作N H C EN H C ECreative Application of Typical Expressions 暂时不作决定暂时不作决定 突然出现在脑海里突然出现在脑海里 强烈地强烈地 心里牵挂着心里牵挂着 表达表达 to sleep on sth. to burst into the / ones mindin an intensified formto carry about within sb. to put into form句型应用句型应用 词组互译词组互译 随

55、随 笔笔 Back课文课文导入导入预习预习写作写作N H C EN H C Ewhat sth. is intended for/sleep on his invitation 知知识识链链接接以睡眠消磨时间：以睡眠消磨时间：以睡眠消除睡掉：以睡眠消除睡掉：睡得很死：睡得很死：离家外宿：离家外宿：to sleep away to sleep off / awayto sleep like a log / topto sleep out活活 学学 活活 用用意意 群群 提提 示示我们要先弄清他的用意我们要先弄清他的用意何在，然后再决定是否何在，然后再决定是否接受他的邀请。接受他的邀请。BackW

56、e will have to sleep on his invitation until we know what it is intended for.句型应用句型应用 词组互译词组互译 随随 笔笔 课文课文导入导入预习预习写作写作N H C EN H C Ehas a mind to / beat a dog / find a stick知知识识链链接接记住某事将某事记在心上：记住某事将某事记在心上：忘掉：忘掉：改变主意：改变主意：有意做某事：有意做某事：to bear/keep sth. in mindto put sth. out of ones mindto change ones

57、mindto have a mind to do sth.活活 学学 活活 用用意意 群群 提提 示示欲加之罪，何患无辞。欲加之罪，何患无辞。BackHe who has a mind to beat a dog will easily find a stick.句型应用句型应用 词组互译词组互译 随随 笔笔 课文课文导入导入预习预习写作写作N H C EN H C Ein form / in essence / be identical 形形色色形形色色在形式上在形式上兴高采烈兴高采烈in all formsin formin great/good form我们对父母的爱形式上我们对父母的爱

58、形式上不同，但本质上都一样。不同，但本质上都一样。BackOur love for parents is different in form but identical in essence.知知识识链链接接活活 学学 活活 用用意意 群群 提提 示示句型应用句型应用 词组互译词组互译 随随 笔笔 课文课文导入导入预习预习写作写作N H C EN H C Ecarry sth. about within one / a true gratitude toward ones beloved赢得；成功对付：赢得；成功对付：进行进行, 继续；从事：继续；从事：实现，贯彻，执行：实现，贯彻，执行：完成

59、，将完成，将进行到底：进行到底：to carry offto carry onto carry outto carry through对挚爱的人怀有真挚的对挚爱的人怀有真挚的感激之情是你的美德所感激之情是你的美德所致。致。BackIt is a result of your virtue to carry about within you a true gratitude toward your beloved.知知识识链链接接活活 学学 活活 用用意意 群群 提提 示示句型应用句型应用 词组互译词组互译 随随 笔笔 课文课文导入导入预习预习写作写作N H C EN H C E付诸行动：付诸行

60、动：使生效：使生效：付诸实践：付诸实践：使停止工作不起作用：使停止工作不起作用：詹姆斯迫切希望将自己詹姆斯迫切希望将自己所学的一些东西付诸实所学的一些东西付诸实践。践。James / be keen to do sth. / put into practiceto put sth. into actionto put sth. into effectto put sth. into practiceto put sth./sb. out of actionBackJames was keen to put some of the things he had learned into pract