被动语态教师版

1、被动语态教学目标： 独立完成被动语态的练习并会运用问题层级图目标层级图一、被动语态的用途和基本构成例：这块手表是中国制造的。每年都应该种更多的树。世界上越来越多的人说汉语。这些句子在表达时，要么我们想突出动作的承受者，要么我们不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者，在这种情况下我们需要使用被动语态。试判断下列中文句子翻译成英文要用主动语态还是被动语态：1. 相机是用来照相的。2. 我们用木头做家具。3. 那只老鼠被猫抓住了。4. 我们的城市应该保持干净整洁。5. 他在学校打架被老师批评了。例：We clean the classroom.=The classroom is cleaned by u

2、s.He made the kite.=The kite was made by him.They will plant trees tomorrow.=Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.我们发现主动语态在转化成被动语态的句子时，都是将主动句里的_变成被动句里的_，将主动句里的_变成被动句里的_，并由_引导（可省略）。谓语动词变成相应的_.KEYS：宾语；主语；主语；宾语；by; 被动形式如下图：主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+动作执行者并且基本结构为：_ + _KEYS: be; done练

3、习将下列句子转换成被动语态。1. I make this model plane._2. Students in class 1 beat the students in class two._3. The gardener waters the flowers every day._4. Our teacher praised Li Ming yesterday._5. The cat caught the mouse._KEYS:1. This model plane is made by me.2. Students in class two were beaten by student

4、s in class one.3. The flowers are watered by the gardener every day.4. Li Ming was praised by our teacher yesterday.5. The mouse was caught by the cat.二、各个时态下被动语态的书写形式和用法例：1. The ball is passed to Li Lei by Wang Ming.2. The cake was cut into pieces by her.3. The fact will be found out by someone one

5、 day.4. Flowers are being watered by her.5. A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.6. The work has been finished by Jim.7. The work had been finished by the end of 2015.8. He can be found by me.小结各个时态下被动语态的构成形式：时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/does一般过去时Did一般将来时will/shall/be going to + do现在进行时am/is/a

6、re + doing过去进行时was/were + doing现在完成时have/has + done过去完成时had done含有情态动词can/may/must + doKEYS: am/is/are + done; was/were + done; will/shall/be going to + be done; am/is/are + being done; was/were + being done; have/has + been done; had + been done; can/may/must + be done.拓展He said a kite would be mad

7、e by him.过去将来时的被动：would/should/be going to + be done练习判断下列句子的被动语态形式是否书写正确，如果错误请改正。1. The Peoples Republic of China was found on October 1, 1949.2. The construction of the two new railway lines has completed by now.3. His new work will be published next month.KEYS: 1. 错误，was founded; 2. 错误；has been c

8、ompleted; 3. 正确单选。1. The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found2. English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken3. This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is of

9、ten sung4. This kind of car _ in Japan. A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made5. New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have usedKEYS: BDDDC用括号里词的适当形式填空。1. His new book _ next month. (publish)2. A new house _ at the corner of the road yesterday. (build)3. Our ro

10、om must _ clean. (keep)4. These papers _ yet. (write)5. Tea _ in the south of China. (grow)KEYS: 1. will be published; 2. was built; 3. be kept; 4. havent been written; 5. is grown三、被动语态的特殊用法1. 主动结构表被动意义例：这本书卖的很好，在这家书店已经卖光了。_他们正在吃尝道菜，这道菜尝起来不错。_现在还遗留了一个问题，这个问题尚待解决。_KEYS: This kind of book sells very

11、well and it has been sold out in this bookstore by now.They are having this dish and it tastes good.Here is a problem remained and it remains to be solved.像上面这种情况我们不能用被动语态表达，要用主动表被动。1.1.例：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.This kind of shirt sells well here.open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, w

12、ash, cut, burn, drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。1.2. 例：Uniforms look ugly on us.Mooncakes taste delicious.look, sound, taste, smell等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。1.3.例：My bile needs repairing.=My bike needs to be repaired.“want/need/require + doing”相当于 “want/need/require + to be done”.2. 没有被动语态的动词和动词短语例：A car ac

13、cident happened here yesterday.This turned out to be a great help to the workers.My ink has run out.happen, take place, belong to, run out, turn out这些常见的动词和动词短语没有被动语态。3. 后跟双宾语的动词变被动需要加介词例：She gave me a book as my birthday present.= A book was given to me (by her) as my birthday. My father showed me

14、a photo of his yesterday. = A photo of my fathers was showed to me (by him) yesterday.give, show, bring, teach, send, tell, pass, lend这些常见的后跟双宾语的动词在变被动语态的时候要添加介词。练习判断下列句子的被动语态是否使用有误。1. A car crash took place there last week.2. The cake is smelt good.3. My clothes need washing.4. The store is opened

15、at 6:00 every day.5. The music sounds good.KEYS: 1.正确；2.错误；3.正确；4.错误； 5.正确选择题。1. The apple _very sweet.A. is tasted B. taste C. tastes D. are tasting2. How dirty the tables are! They need _.A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned3. The supermarket _ at 8:00 in the morning.A. opens B. is openedC.

16、 openedD. open4. Thomas _ before _.A. is asked turn off the lights, leavingB. asks to turn off the lights, he leavesC. is asked to turn off the lights, leavingD. is asked to turn off the lights, he leaving5. Many changes _ in my hometown in the past.A. took the placeB. were taken placeC. took placeD

17、. were taking placeKEYS: CCACC四、独立运用被动语态解题综合练习改错。1. The new car is sold very well around the world.A B C2. The tower was designed by Eiffel and his colleagues belongs to France.ABC3. Cheering by many crazy girls, EXO felt satisfied.A B C4. The Sino-Japan War was started by Japan took place in 1937.A

18、BC5. It is saying that pencils write better than pens.ABCKEYS: 1. A. sells; 2. B. designed; 3. A. cheered; 4. A. started; 5. A. said用括号里单词的正确形式填空。1. Most physics books _(write) in English.2. Those computers _(not repair) until last week.3. Some new schools _(build) in a few years in this new distric

19、t.4. _ the windows _(break) by Shawn just now?5. The novel _(write) by J.K. Rowling _(sell) out this morning.6. The little baby must _ (照顾) by his sister because his parents are not at home.7. The new dress _ (belong to) me.8. Great changes _ (take place) in China recent years.9. My brother _ (被叫去) clean his room.KEYS: