新版大学英语第三册第六单元

1、nThe undesirable: people who are not welcomed or wanted because they may affect a situation in a bad way.nTramp: someone who has no job or home and moves from place to place, often begging for food or money.nPioneer: someone who is important in the early development of something and whose work or id

2、eas are later developed by other people. nListening material: Westward MovementWarm-up question:nHave you ever seen tramps? Where are they usually found? Try describing them.nWhy do you suppose that tramps choose such a way of life?nDescribe the image of a pioneer.nAre there any similarities between

3、 tramps and pioneers? And differences?nbeggarsnmigrant/migratory workersnvagrant artists/ musicians/studentsnwhere are they found?nat the construction sitesnin the subwaynon the overpassnin the downtown areannWhy do they choose such a way of life?nto seek ones fortune/ to make a fortunento start a n

4、ew life where they are not knownnto escape from the harsh environment of their hometownnto pursue an ideal or interest in a new placento find a possible cure for diseasento live a free lifePioneersnWhiskers, broad-brimmed hats, high boots, shirts of many colorsnCourageous, hardworking, persistent, i

5、dealistic, unconventional n(giants, boundless courage, indomitable spirit)SimilaritiesnLeave a familiar place for a new onenBrave enough to face the unknownnEndure hardshipsnFace prejudice and misunderstandingnBoth craved changenBoth were men of actionnThat tramps made up the bulk (the most part ) o

6、f pioneers seems to be the case in the settlement of all new countries.nDifferencesnTramps were forced to face the harsh environment while pioneers chose to.nTramps were usually slaves to unhealthy appetites while pioneers often had a strong will.nTramps were generally of humble origins and little e

7、ducation while pioneers may have been brought up in superior families.nTramps were those who had no firm beliefs while pioneers had strong faiths.nMost tramps wandered about aimlessly while pioneers went wherever they considered necessary to purse their goals.nText AnalysisnPart I (paragraphs 1-4):

8、nThe author discovered a family likeness between tramps and pioneers.nPart II (paragraphs 5-8): nThe author further explored his idea by talks with old-timers and observations of tramps in action.nPart III (paragraph 9): nThe author drew the conclusion that successful tramps were the equal of pionee

9、rs.nQuestions for discussionnWhat idea did the writer kept mulling over?nAccording to the author, who were the people that stayed put? And who were the people that left for the wilderness and the unknown?nCan you list the kinds of people who had not made good?nAre there similarities between these pe

10、ople, i.e., pioneers and tramps?nWords and phrasesnMull over(p1): to think about; to ponder; to speculate on (about)nStride(p1); wander; stray; roam; ramble; trudge; nSoft spot (P2)nDrive root (P2)nMake good (P2)nAmount to (P2)nCrave (for) (P3)nindomitable (adj.) : unyielding:nthe indomitable spirit

11、 nthe indomitable couragenan indomitable willnmull (v.): think about the idea; ponder; nHe would mull over the chances of success before taking any action.nAs I strode on across the white sand, I kept mulling the idea over.n当我穿越白沙洲，一路走下去，这个念头始终盘踞在心头。nSoft spot:n1. a weak or vulnerable (脆弱的）position,

12、 place, condition, etc. a soft spot ( 弱点）in his character 2. a place where one is able to live an easy and comfortable life;nA man rarely leaves a soft spot and goes deliberately in search of hardship and privation.n很少有谁会离开安乐窝安乐窝有意自讨苦吃，自甘贫苦。nto drive roots: to take roots, be rooted in the place they

13、 live;nWe hope the transplanted apple trees will take root.nHis ideas have taken root in the minds of his followers.nDeeply-rootednPullby the rootnAppetitenmake good: to become successful and rich after being poor; used especially in newspapers;n(= make it good)nHe was the country boy who made good

14、in New York. nAmount ton a large amount ofn amount to (在意义，价值等方面) 接近或等同nWhat Tom said amounted to a direct refusal.namount to much/ nothingnYoull not amount to much if you go on like this.appetite (n.)1.a desire for food; have a good/bad appetite for ruin/spoil your appetiteEg. Dont eat that cake, o

15、r it will ruin your appetite.2. a liking or desire for a particular activity; desire; have a/an appetite for= have a/andesire forEg. He has an amazing appetite for knowledge.appetizing adj. appetizer n.1.A man who has made good and has a standing in his community stays put. n a man who has been succ

16、essful and well-established in his community stays where he is.n一个事业有成颇有地位的人是不会背井离乡的。2. Who then left for the wildness and the unknown? n who then went to the wild uncultivated land and faced the uncertain future?n那么有是谁会奔向旷野和未知的前程呢？nCrave for (after) : long fornAfter a lifetime of work in the noisy

17、city, Mr. Steward craved for a few years of peace in the country.n他最终得到了自己渴望的位置。nHe had at last secured the position for which he craved.Speculate on: to thinknHes been speculating on his future.nHe often speculated about the purpose of life.nSpeculation; Translation Somehow, this discovery of a fam

18、ily likeness between tramps and pioneers took a firm hold on my mind. Likeness: the quality of being similar in appearance to someone or something;take a firm hold on my mind: I became confirmed in this belief不知怎么的，对流浪汉和开拓者之间家族相似性的这一发现在我脑子里生了根。nPart II ( Para. 5-8)nQuestions for discussionnWhat kind

19、 of people were the early settlers and miners?nWhat do these people look like?nWhat changes would one see if a tramp is promoted to positions of foremen or superintendent? nThen I could notice a remarkable physical transformation: a seamed face gradually smoothed out and the skin showed a healthy hu

20、e: an indifferent mouth became firm and expressiven然后我注意到外表的明显转变：皱巴巴的脸然后我注意到外表的明显转变：皱巴巴的脸慢慢舒展饱满起来，皮肤也泛出健康的光泽，慢慢舒展饱满起来，皮肤也泛出健康的光泽，漠然的嘴唇变得坚定而又富于表情漠然的嘴唇变得坚定而又富于表情nPart II (paragraphs 5-8): nThe author further explored his idea by talks with old-timers and observations of tramps in action.The salt of th

21、e earth: “You are the salt of earth” is a quotation from Bible (马太福马太福音音). In the text, “salt of the earth” is a metaphor. Just as salt can be used as a preservative to prevent food from decay, people who are compared to salt can be those who exercise a good influence in the world (社会中坚分子；高尚的人社会中坚分子

22、；高尚的人)。resemble (v.) resemblance (n.)她外表和姐姐相像，但性格不一样。她外表和姐姐相像，但性格不一样。She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.To bear a close/striking resemblance to (= look like)To bear no/little resemblance toTina bears a striking resemblance to her mother.The Okies and the Fruit TrampsnThousan

23、ds of farm families left home due to the Great Drought in 1933 and the severe dust storms in 1934, which rendered（导致） the land dry and unproductive and blew huge dust clouds from the Great Plains area over Chicago and all the way to the Atlantic. The farmers piled their belongings onto old farm truc

24、ks, joined the ranks of the unemployed during the Great Depression and headed west. Since many were from Oklahoma, all were called Okies. Now the word simply refers to migratory agricultural worker.nPart III (paragraph 9): nThe author drew the conclusion that successful tramps were the equal of pioneers.nsteel (v.) :to make hard, unfeeling or determinednto steel a charactern磨练一个人钢铁般的性格nsteel (n.) stainless steel nadapt adaptation adaptable inadaptable nadapt to (adjust to)nThose children found it hard to adapt to the new surroundings. -