初中英语语法_形容词和副词_复习

1、 用以修饰名词，表示事物的用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征特征的词。的词。e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.在句中作在句中作定语定语、表语表语、宾语宾语补足语补足语等成分等成分e.g. He is a good student.I have something important to tell you.当形容词修饰由当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后不定代词的之后. e.g.Is there anything interesting in todays n

2、ewspaper ?The trees turn green in spring.We are alone on the island.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词你能说出几个？你能说出几个？alone afraid awake asleep alive able形容词和宾语一起构成形容词和宾语一起构成复合复合宾语宾语e.g.We must keep the classroom clean.He made us happy. Colour it green.一、形容词在句中的作用 作定语：如作定语：如 Its an interesting book. 作表语：如

3、作表语：如 He looks young. 作宾语的补足语：如作宾语的补足语：如 We should keep the classroom clean. I think it important to learn English well.其他用法：其他用法：1、the +形容词可转化为名词形容词可转化为名词 The young should help the old . 年轻人应该帮助老人。年轻人应该帮助老人。形容词和其他词性间的相互转换 名词名词+y 形容词形容词 sun sunny health healthy 名词名词 +al 形容词形容词 nation national music

4、musical 名词名词+ful 形容词形容词 color colorful peace peaceful a+动词动词形容词形容词 sleep asleep 动词动词+ing/ ed 形容词形容词 relax relaxing/ relaxed tire tired/tiring 名词名词+able 形容词形容词 enjoy enjoyable knowledge knowledgable 名词名词+en 形容词形容词 wool woolen 还有一些特殊变化：还有一些特殊变化：die dead please pleased /pleasant 练习二、用所给词的适当形式填空：1.The t

5、eacher was_ (happy),because the classroom was _ (noise).2.My dog has been_ (die) for 2 weeks.3.Its _(possible) for me to finish it today, Im too busy.4.If you want to be thinner and _ (health),you should eat _ (little)food.5.He felt very _ (sleep) and fell _ (sleep) soon.6.The work is _ (tire),and w

6、e are_ (tire).unhappynoisydeadimpossiblehealthierlesssleepyasleeptiringtiredThe _ (beauty) girl was _ (love) and _ (live).15.I think the movie is_ (education)friendlyknowledgeablenationalworriedpleasantfinalenjoyablebeautifullivelylovelyeducationalLetLets fill s fill in the in the blanks,blanks, 词词

7、尾尾 变变 化化原级原级比较比较级级最高最高级级单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级比较级)或或-est(最高级最高级)以字母以字母e接尾的词加接尾的词加-r或或-sttall hard large wide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或或estbig hot thin fat wet 以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为结尾的词变为i再加再加-er,或或-esthappy dry early narrow clever 多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加加more

8、 和和most difficult popular slowlytaller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost

9、slowly少数以少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节结尾的双音节词可加词可加-er或或-est原级原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级比较级最高级最高级better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/eldest巧记：巧记：特殊形式比较级特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好坏病两多并两好little意思不是小意思不是小一分为二有两个一分为二有两个一是老来二是远一是老来二是远.写出下列词的比较级和最高级。

10、写出下列词的比较级和最高级。 1.badly /bad/ill 2.early 3.difficult 4.thin 5.hard 课时训练课时训练 worseworst earlierearliest more difficultmost difficultthinnerthinnest harderhardest.根据句意填空。根据句意填空。1.Which film is_this one or that one?(interesting)2.I think English is one of _subjects in middle school(important).3.Li Lei d

11、oesnt study so_ as his sister.(care)4.Ann is a little_ than Joan,but she is much_ .(young,tall)5.The Changjiang River is very _.Its The third_ river in the world. (long) 课时训练课时训练more interestingthe most important carefully younger taller long longest 二、形容词的比较等级 变化规律以及不规则变化（重点记忆并变化规律以及不规则变化（重点记忆并灵活运用

12、）灵活运用） 比较等级所用的句式（重点掌握）比较等级所用的句式（重点掌握） 注意：比较时一定在注意：比较时一定在同类事物同类事物之间进之间进行。行。 如如: His hair is longer than I.(） His hair is longer than mine/my hair.(） 一、同级比较。肯定句：as+原级+as （和一样），否定句：not as/so +原级+as (和不一样/ 不如）例：Im as old as he.我和他一样大。 Im not as/so strong as he.我不如他强壮。表示倍数的句型：be+倍数+as+原级+as例：The tree is

13、twice as tall as that one. 这棵树有那棵树两倍高。 二、两个事物相比用比较级，表示 “更”句型：A +be +比较级+than +B 例：The sun is bigger than the earth. 太阳比地球大。比较级可用一些词来修饰：even，much, a little ,a bit, far 等。表示“得多”或“一点”。例：Your room is a little bigger than mine. 你的房间比我的大一点。 I feel even worse today. 我今天感觉更糟了。三、比较级的一些特殊用法三、比较级的一些特殊用法1、 the

14、+比较级，the +比较级 （越,越）The more trees we plant, the less pollution there will be.我们种越多的树，污染就越少。2、比较级比较级+and+比较级（越来越比较级（越来越）The baby cried harder and harder.那个婴儿哭得越来越厉害。那个婴儿哭得越来越厉害。 3、be+倍数倍数+比较级比较级+thanThe building is twice higher than our classroom. 那个建筑物比我们教室高两倍。那个建筑物比我们教室高两倍。4、be +数词+名词+比较级+than He i

15、s two years older than I.他比我大两岁。四、三个或三个以上的事物进行比较用最高级句型四、三个或三个以上的事物进行比较用最高级句型 1、be+the 最高级+of/in短语（比较范围） Li Lei is the best student of all / in our school. 李雷是所有学生中/我们学校最好的学生。 2、one of the+最高级+名词复数 Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。注：最高级前可有叙述词来修饰，表示其排列顺序。 Ye

16、llow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二大河。 3、Which/What/Who is the +最高级，A,B or C? 例: Which is the biggest,the sun, the earth or the moon? 哪个最大，太阳，地球还是？五、比较级和最高级的句型互换 be +比较级+than any other +名词的单数 （同一范围内进行比较） 例： Jim is the tallest boy in his class.（同义句） 吉姆是他班最高的男孩。 Jim is taller than

17、 any other boy in his class. 吉姆比他班上其他男孩都高。 be+比较级+than+any +名词单数（不同范围内比较） 例：Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan. 上海比日本的任何城市都大。练习三一、改正以下各句。1. Shanghai is bigger than any other city in Japan. Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan. Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.2. I have man

18、y more books than you. I have much more books than you.3. Johns hair is longer than Mike. Johns hair is longer than Mikes.4.Its enough easy to work out the problem. Its easy enough to work out the problem.用来修饰动词、形容词、用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或其它副词、全句或 名词词组及句子的词。名词词组及句子的词。e.g. very, early, out, soon, quickly

19、, etc.用用 法法例例 句句作表语作表语My mother is out .作定语作定语The girl there is my friend. 作状语作状语He runs fast .作宾补作宾补I found him outside. 副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同.e.g. 形容记的最高级前要用定冠词形容记的最高级前要用定冠词the,副副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world

20、.Jim jumped (the) highest of the all.fast-faster-fastestslowly- more slowly most slowly1. The bread is _ than these cakes A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far3

21、. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiestCCA 4. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _ in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter 5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china. A. large B. la

22、rger C. largest D. most largest 6. An elephant is _ than a tiger . A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavierDCD 7. A horse is _ than a dog . A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. more heavy 8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. carel

23、ess 9. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting CDC10. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box . A. strong B. stronger C. much stronger D. the strongest 11. Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a good b

24、oy . A. less more B. few much C. more little D. little many 12. When the famous singer started to sing , everyone began to shout very _ . A. loudly B. loud C. heavily D. high AAA形容词和副词的意义及用法形容词和副词的意义及用法形容词和副词的比较级和形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法最高级的构成及用法练习一、选出正确答案1.-Have you ever seen “Tom and Jerry”? -Sure.Its

25、 one of _ cartoons I have ever seen. A. wonderful B. more wonderful C. the most wonderful2. Its _ cheaper and _ enjoyable to travel by train than by plane. A. much; far more B. very; very much C. More; much more3. Chongqing is bigger than _ in India. A. any other city B. any city C. the other cities

26、CAB4.We should spend _ time doing _ work. A. more; less B. less ;more C. less; fewer5.Who left the windows _ ? A. open; B. opened C. opening6.If you like the chicken ,you may have as_ as you can. A. much B. many C. more7. The question is _ more difficult than that one. A.quite B. very C. a little8.T

27、he population of China is _ than that of Japan. A.more B. larger C. lessBAACB9. -Jill,where would you like to go on vacation? -Wed like to _ . A. somewhere warm B. warm somewhere C. anywhere warm10. Mum, could I have a CD player like this? -Certainly, we can buy a _ one ,but as good as this one. A.

28、cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest 11.He is fourteen, I am sixteen.So Im_ him. A. as old as B. two years younger than C. not so young as ABC12.The garden is _ that one. A. three times as long as B.three times longer as C. as long as three times13. The _ person is talking with the doctor. A. ill B. sick C.

29、 illness14. -The TV play was _ . -Yes, Ive never seen _. A. such great; a better one B. so great; a better one C. very good; the best one15.-I think English is _ French. - I dont agree with you. A. so popular as B. less popular than C. as more popular asABBB5. He works as careful as his sister. He w

30、orks as carefully as his sister.6. The Changjiang River is the first long in China. The Changjiang River is the first longest in China.7.There s interesting something in todays newspaper. Theres something interesting in todays newspaper.8. Id like to visit Qufu, because its education. Id like to vis

31、it Qufu, because its educational.【例例1】 Which is_ season in Beijing? I think its autumn. 2003 北京北京 A.good B.better C.best D.the best 典型例题解析典型例题解析【例例2】 It is_today than yesterday.Shall we go swimming this afternoon?2003 北京海淀区北京海淀区 A.the hottest B.hot C.hottest D.hotter DD 【例例3】 Jim is running_Bruce.Th

32、eyre neck and neck,2003 黑龙江黑龙江 A.faster than B.as fast as C.as faster as D.more slowly than 【例例4】 Her mother was out.She stayed at home_, but she didnt feel _.2003 甘肃甘肃 A.alone,lonely B.lonely alone C.alone,lonely D.lonely,alone 【例例5】 Is the physics problem_? Yes,I can work it out _.2003 黄冈黄冈 A.easy

33、,easily B.easy,easy C.easily,easy D.easily,easily BA A .单项选择单项选择1.What a _ cough!You seen_ill. A.terrible,terribly B.terribly,terrible C.terrible,terrible D.terribly,terribly2.The car is running_.It seems to be flying. A.more and faster B.more and fast C.fast and fast D.faster and faster3.I feel eve

34、n_ now. A.bad B.well C.worse D.worst4.She was very happy.She ran_of all the runners. A.fastest B.the quickest C.slowest D.quickly5.Keep quiet,please.Its_ noisy here. A.many too B.too many C.much too D.too much 课时训练课时训练ADCAC6.Have you_spoken to a foreigner? No,_.A.already,never B.ever,neverC.yet,alre

35、ady D.ever,ever7.He is taller than_ in his class. A.any boy B.any boys C.any other boy D.some other boys8.Ill go and visit you_next week.A.sometime B.some timesC.some time D.some time9.What was the weather like yesterday? It was very bad.It rained_people could_go out. A.hard,hard B.hardly，hard C.hardly,hardly D.hard，hardly10.English is as_as Chinese.You should learn it well. A.important B.m