大学英语精读--unit7

1、Before Reading 1. Emergency Services 2. Railroad and Train 3. New Jersey 4. Warm-up Questions 5. Word Web Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeEmergency Services Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeEmergency Services Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfte

2、r ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeClick the picture to return! Emergency Services Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeClick the picture to return! Emergency Services Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeClick the picture to return! Spot Dictation Fill in the

3、 blanks with the words you hear. The emergency services are the organizations whose job is to take quick to deal with emergencies when they , especially the fire brigade, the , and the ambulance service. The number used in Britain for calling the police, fire or ambulance in anemergency is 999 and i

4、n the US. And in China for fire, 120 for ambulance and 110 for other emergencies.Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal Reading_HomeRailroad and Train 1. Introduction 2. Rail Corporations in the US 3. Passenger Cars and Freight Cars 4. Operating Many Trains at Once Before ReadingDetailed

5、ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeIntroduction Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeIntroduction Railroads are roads on which trains of freight and passenger cars, drawn by locomotives, travel on tracks formed by pairs of parallel metal rails. The term railroad is often e

6、xtended to include the rolling stock, or cars and locomotives, and the land, buildings, and equipment owned or operated in conjunction with the railroad lines. The terms railroad and railway are interchangeable in the United States.Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeRail Co

7、rporations in the US Consolidated Rail Corporation (or ConRail): federally aided company, formed in 1975 by merger of seven mid-western and northeastern US railroads. National Railroad Passenger Corporation (known as Amtrak): with the formation of it in 1971, intercity railroad passenger services in

8、 the United States began to receive government support. By most standards, Amtrak succeeded in reviving passenger train services. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomePassenger Cars and Freight Cars Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomePassenger Cars a

9、nd Freight Cars Railroads may carry passengers or freight. The earliest railroad passenger cars were simply stagecoaches equipped with flanged wheels. Likewise, the first freight cars were merely converted wagons. Today, however, railroads operate a wide variety of cars designed for specific types o

10、f service. Railroads offer two basic types of passenger service: commuter and intercity. Commuter service is provided for people who live in suburbs and work in nearby cities. Intercity trains usually run between two large cities, called end points, that are 100 miles (160 kilometers) or Before Read

11、ingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeOperating Many Trains at Once Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeOperating Many Trains at Once To safely control the operation of trains moving in different directions and at different speeds, railroads have developed intric

12、ate systems of communications and signaling. Many early American railroads were operated on the basis of a timetable system. The table indicated when each train was due at each station and which classes of trains had the right of way over other classes. Beginning in the 1850s, the timetable instruct

13、ions were modified and supplemented by telegraphic train orders, later the telephone has replaced the telegraph in transmitting train orders, and on many Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome New Jersey 1. Geographic Location 2. State Symbols and OthersBefore ReadingDetailed

14、ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome Geographic Location Describe the geographic location of New Jersey according to the maps. Dont forget to use some nouns and phrases of locality.Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeBefore ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal Readin

15、gHomeBefore ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeCheck whether what you have learned and said is right or not. New Jersey Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeCheck whether what you have learned and said is right or not. New Jersey New Jersey is one of the Mi

16、ddle Atlantic states. Its northern neighbor is New York. To the west it is separated from Pennsylvania and Delaware by the Delaware River and Bay. To the south is Delaware Bay and to the east, the Atlantic Ocean. In its northeastern corner New Jersey is separated from New York City by three differen

17、t bodies of water - the Hudson River; Arthur Kill, which runs along the western shore of Staten Island; and Kill Van Kull, which flows north of the island into Upper New York Bay. (Kill is Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeState Symbols and Others1. Flag2. Seal3. Tree4. Fl

18、ower5. Capital6. Statehood7. Nickname8. MottoBefore ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome Flag New Jerseys state flag was adopted on March 26, 1896. It carries the states coat of arms and motto on a field of buff - supposedly chosen to duplicate the color of the uniform facings sele

19、cted by Gen. George Washington in 1779 for the New Jersey Continental Line. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeClick the picture to return!Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeSeal In 1776 the government of New Jersey ordered that its governors seal

20、should become the state seal, but a French artist added several details before it came into use. The details were eventually specified under a 1928 law. The horses head in the crest was borrowed from early coins. The earls helmet symbolizes sovereignty. Three plows decorate the shield, which is supp

21、orted by Liberty and the Roman goddess Ceres. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeClick the picture to return!Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome Tree: Red Oak Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeFlower: Purple VioletBefore

22、ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeCapital: Trenton (since 1790) Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeStatehoodBecame 3rd state in the Union on Dec.18,1787 Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeNickname: Garden State New Jersey takes

23、its nickname from its farmland. It is called the Garden State in recognition of the many truck farms that feed residents in New Jersey and nearby states. It also has many scenic areas in the rural sections away from New York City. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeMotto: L

24、iberty and Prosperity Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome Warm-up Questions 1. How do you understand courage? 2. How does courage relate to the theme of the unit - emergency? 3. Try to cite some courageous deeds which happened around you.Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter

25、ReadingGlobal ReadingHome Word Web Find as many words as possible about track in the text . trainfreight train roadbed railroad Conrail accelerator cabemergency brake locomotive horn passenger express air-horn handle conductor Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHometrackGlobal

26、Reading 1. Part Division of the Text 2. Further Understanding For Part 1For Part 2For Part 3Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome3. Text Analysis Part Division of the Text Parts Lines Main Ideas 1134 23599 3100106While Kate was putting the groceries away and her two sons were

27、 heading for the railroad, a train was approaching. Anthony prevented a horrible railroad accident and saved the lives of the Pritchard children at the risk of his own. Anthony and the Pritchards became great friends. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeQuestions and Answers

28、 1. Why does the author describe the way Kate carried the groceries from her car to the house? She was so preoccupied with the task that she neglected her sons, which later caused the accident. 2. Why does the author mention a train horn, Conrail, and the lack of a fence between the Prichards yard a

29、nd the railway? They foreshadowed the later accident. 3. Why does the author mention the ages of Todd and Scott?That tells us they were too young to understand the importance of staying away from the railroad. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeText Analysis Find an example

30、 of coherence. In the first part of the story the author tells us there was no fence separating the yard from the railroad. It is interesting to note that in the last paragraph, the author makes a special mention of the fact that there is now a fence separating the neighborhood from the railroad tra

31、ck. That provides a good example of coherence. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome 1. Role PlayForm groups of two and make a dialogue between a reporter and Anthony according to what had happened in this part. 2. DiscussionPay attention to the verbs that describe a successi

32、on of actions taken by Rich and Anthony and try to find and replace those in the text with more general synonyms. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome3. Rearrange the Order of the SentencesPut the sentences in the right order according to what Anthony had tried to do to save

33、 the two boys lives. 3) Rich threw on the emergency brake and pulled on the air-horn handle with all his strength.Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeLanding on the loose, fist-size stones alongside the track, he had to struggle to keep his balance.1)2)Burying his face in th

34、e stones, He pushed downward on the two boys with all his strength as the train passed inches above them.4) As his body crashed down, Anthony covered Todd while reaching out with one arm to grab Scott and pull him clear of the track.5) Anthony waved wildly and shouted, “Get away! Get away!”6) Anthon

35、y sprang through the cab door onto a narrow running board six feet above the wheels and raced to the front of the swaying train. 3 6 5 1 4 2 Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHomeGroup DiscussionStudents are required to form groups of 3 or 4 to discuss the following questions.

36、1. What qualities are necessary for a person to handle emergencies successfully? Why? 2. Can you give examples to show the valuable qualities Anthony possessed?Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome“Kids on the Track!” Monday, May 1, 1989 was a pleasant morning in Ramsey, N.J.

37、 Kate Pritchard bent over her car trunk and struggled with the bags of groceries shed just brought home. She heard the distant cry of a locomotive horn. The trains of Conrail passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence separated their backyard from the trackonly a thick row of tree

38、s. But, her sons, 31/2-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on the driveway. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingSentenceWordthick row of trees. But, her sons, 3.5-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on the driveway. locomotive horn.

39、The trains of Conrail passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence separated their backyard from the track-only aHome“Kids on the Track!” Monday, May 1, 1989 was a pleasant morning in Ramsey, N.J. Kate Pritchard bent over her car trunk and struggled with the bags of groceries shed j

40、ust brought home. She heard the distant cry of a locomotive horn. The trains of Conrail passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence separated their backyard from the trackonly a thick row of trees. But, her sons, 31/2-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on th

41、e driveway. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingSentenceWordthick row of trees. But, her sons, 3.5-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on the driveway. locomotive horn. The trains of Conrail passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence sep

42、arated their backyard from the track-only a Home“Kids on the Track!” Monday, May 1, 1989 was a pleasant morning in Ramsey, N.J. Kate Pritchard bent over her car trunk and struggled with the bags of groceries shed just brought home. She heard the distant cry of a locomotive horn. The trains of Conrai

43、l passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence separated their backyard from the trackonly a thick row of trees. But, her sons, 31/2-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on the driveway. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingSentenceWordthick

44、 row of trees. But, her sons, 3.5-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on the driveway. locomotive horn. The trains of Conrail passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence separated their backyard from the track-only a have difficulty handling or coping with她同袭

45、击者搏斗。 She struggled with the attacker. The soldiers struggled with the enemies. sTstruggle with:NextHomeClose“Kids on the Track!” Monday, May 1, 1989 was a pleasant morning in Ramsey, N.J. Kate Pritchard bent over her car trunk and struggled with the bags of groceries shed just brought home. She hea

46、rd the distant cry of a locomotive horn. The trains of Conrail passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence separated their backyard from the trackonly a thick row of trees. But, her sons, 31/2-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on the driveway. Before Readin

47、gDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingSentenceWordthick row of trees. But, her sons, 3.5-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on the driveway. locomotive horn. The trains of Conrail passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence separated their backyard fro

48、m the track-only aCollocation:struggle against 与作斗争 struggle for 为作斗争 struggle to do 竭力做 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 CloseHome“Kids on the Track!” Monday, May 1, 1989 was a pleasant morning in Ramsey, N.J. Kate Pritchard bent over her car trunk and struggled with the bags of groceries shed just bro

49、ught home. She heard the distant cry of a locomotive horn. The trains of Conrail passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence separated their backyard from the trackonly a thick row of trees. But, her sons, 31/2-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on the drive

50、way. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingSentenceWordthick row of trees. But, her sons, 3.5-year-old Todd and 18-month-old Scott, were nearby, playing on the driveway. locomotive horn. The trains of Conrail passed less than 300 feet from the Pritchards house. No fence separated

51、their backyard from the track-only a nearby: 1. adv. near; close by附近举行了一场足球赛。 sTA football game was played nearby. It was the only house in this area. There were no other buildings nearby. 2. adj. not far away He worked in a nearby shop. CloseHomess “Stay right there,” Kate said, “while Mommy puts

52、the groceries away. Then well go inside and have lunch, okay?” “Okay!” said Todd, giving a thumbs-up gesture hed seen his father make. “kay!” echoed Scott, trying to copy his older brother. They watched their mother enter the house with several bags. Kate shut the refrigerator and hurried outside. G

53、ood. The boys were playing right where shed left them. As she lifted more bags from the trunk, Kate heard a train race past - a passenger express, she judged from its speed. She carried more bags into the house. SentenceWordBefore ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingHome “Stay right th

54、ere,” Kate said, “while Mommy puts the groceries away. Then well go inside and have lunch, okay? “ “kay!” echoed Scott, trying to copy his older brother. They watched their mother enter the house with several bags. Kate shut the refrigerator and hurried outside. Good. The boys were playing right whe

55、re shed left them. As she lifted more bags from the trunk, Kate heard a train race past - a passenger express, she judged from its speed. She carried more bags into the house. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingSentenceWordHome “Okay!” said Todd, giving a thumbs-up gesture hed

56、seen his father make. 1. Can you tell us the structure of the sentence?Here “giving a thumbs-up gesture” is a participle phrase, used as an adverbial modifier and “hed seen his father make” is an attributive clause, used to modify “gesture”. NextClose “Stay right there,” Kate said, “while Mommy puts

57、 the groceries away. Then well go inside and have lunch, okay? “ “kay!” echoed Scott, trying to copy his older brother. They watched their mother enter the house with several bags. Kate shut the refrigerator and hurried outside. Good. The boys were playing right where shed left them. As she lifted m

58、ore bags from the trunk, Kate heard a train race past - a passenger express, she judged from its speed. She carried more bags into the house. Before ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal ReadingSentenceWordHome “Okay!” said Todd, giving a thumbs-up gesture hed seen his father make. Close What d

59、oes “a thumbs-up gesture” mean?This is a sign that you make by making a fist and raising your thumb to show that you agree with someone, that you are happy with an idea or situation, or that everything is all right. 2. The sounds of the train apparently drew the boys attention to the track. After ma

60、king their way through the trees, they climbed to the top of the steep roadbed, knelt down along the railroad and began to play. SentenceWordBefore ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter ReadingGlobal Readingengineer Rich Campana that the passenger train ahead was out of the way, and they could resume their n