第7课时　八年级上册　Unit 3-精选文档

1、第7课时八年级上册unit 3“师”之概念，大体是从先秦时期的“师长、师傅、先生”而来。其中“师傅”更早则意指春秋时国君的老师。说文解字中有注曰：“师教人以道者之称也”。“师”之含义，现在泛指从事教育工作或是传授知识技术也或是某方面有特长值得学习者。“老师”的原意并非由“老”而形容“师”。“老”在旧语义中也是一种尊称，隐喻年长且学识渊博者。“老”“师”连用最初见于史记，有“荀卿最为老师”之说法。慢慢“老师”之说也不再有年龄的限制，老少皆可适用。只是司马迁笔下的“老师”当然不是今日意义上的“教师”，其只是“老”和“师”的复合构词，所表达的含义多指对知识渊博者的一种尊称，虽能从其身上学以“道”，但

2、其不一定是知识的传播者。今天看来，“教师”的必要条件不光是拥有知识，更重于传播知识。 .选择填空与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问示侄孙伯安诗云：“伯安入小学，颖悟非凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。”于是看，宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见，“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“教员”。 1(2019原创)my mother told me we s

3、hould keep our down in public 唐宋或更早之前，针对“经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目，其相应传授者称为“博士”，这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者，又称“讲师”。“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。前者始于宋，乃“宗学”“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者；而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了，主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问，其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席，也是当朝打眼的学官。至明清两代，只设国子监（国子学）一科的“助教”，其身价不谓显赫，也称得上朝廷要员。至

4、此，无论是“博士”“讲师”，还是“教授”“助教”，其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。 places.amouth bvoice csound2(2019预测)i hear daniel has got into great trouble in managing his bookshop.yes. but he never gives up. its of him to face such a difficult situation.apolite bclear cbrave3(2018重庆a卷改编)the show was so that i couldnt stop laughing.a

5、sad bterrible cfunny4(2018山东菏泽中考)during the spring festival, the young a kowtow(磕头) to the elders, but now they only give them best wishes.aused to givebwere used to givecwere used to giving5(2018四川成都中考)yesterday, i the subway home when i suddenly found i was on the wrong line.atook bwas taking chad

6、 taken6(2019原创)its time to work now.ok. ill carl. he has been asleep for an hour.amake up bwake up cpick up 7(2019预测)its best not to run away from our problems. we should always try to them.asolve btake cget8(2018福建福州杨桥中学模拟)ill miss the days staying in the countryside.so will i. good time we had!awh

7、at a bwhat chow9(2019原创)the boy set the fish free and watched it until it in the sea.adisappeared bappeared cprovided10(2019预测)i the meaning of the word, but i dont know how to use it properly.aguess bwonder cunderstand.完形填空(2018安徽马鞍山二模改编)children today have many things to play with. they can watch

8、television, 1 what they like on the internet, or play video games. but what do you think children did for 2 long ago? they read books.some of you might ask, “are books really fun？” believe it or not, books 3 many things that television or computers cannot. most books use 4 to tell a story, they can

9、make progress in your imagination(想象力). you can 5 the characters(人物)and background in your head and you can also imagine 6 the characters feel.the words and sentences that are used in storytelling are also very interesting and usually cannot be 7 often on television or on websites. they are sometime

10、s so beautiful and 8 that they can bring tears to your eyes.books also help us to think harder and 9 . as we continue to read, we ask questions to ourselves and try to find answers.these are some of the 10 why books are so fun to read and why people always look forward to good books. remember: the m

11、ore you read, the more you grow.1a.look over blook afterclook through 2a.fun bwork cskills 3a.afford bexplain cprovide4a.words bdrawings cletters 5a.study bpicture cvisit 6a.where bhow cwhat 7a.found bkept cwatched 8a.relaxing bsmiling cmoving 9a.higher bdeeper clonger 10a.examples bproblems creason

12、s.阅读理解(2018安徽马鞍山二模)“without music, life would be a mistake，” famous german philosopher(哲学家)friendrich nietzsche said over a century ago. music is a big part of our lives. but in recent years, some us schools have cut music classes to control budgets(预算)for example, chicago public schools hurt arts e

13、ducation when it fired over 1，000 teachers. among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught art or music, according to the washington times. in fact, this is not just a problem in the us. in other countries, such as china and the uk, music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like scienc

14、e, math and history. thats partly because music is not seen as a very important life skill, and it isnt tested. many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students choose to focus(关注) on subjects that are tested more often.however, learning music is useful in many ways.when playing music

15、, you need different abilities to work together. it is not as simple as it looks, according to kenneth guilmartin of music together, an early childhood music development program. for example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode(解码) them in their brains. they also use their fing

16、ers to make sounds. you need to deal with all these things at the same time. music has a special connection with science as well. you can see that many scientists are good at playing music: einstein played the violin, and german physicist max planck did well in playing the piano.1some schools in the

17、 us cut music classes, because .athey were too difficult to learnbstudents in the us werent interested in musiccthe schools wanted to control budgetsdthere werent enough music teachers in the us2in paragraph 2, what does the underlined word “them” refer to(指代)?afired teachers. bpublic schools.cparen

18、ts in chicago.dstudents in chicago.3whats the main idea of paragraph 4?aplaying the piano needs people to see music notes.bplaying the piano needs people to use fingers to make sounds.cdecoding music notes is needed while we are playing music.ddifferent abilities are needed to work together while we

19、 are playing music.4how many scientists who are good at playing music are mentioned in this passage?aone. btwo.cthree. dfour.5whats the writers opinion according to this passage?amusic is as simple as it looks.bmusic classes should be cut in some schools.cmusic is a big part of our lives. dmusic isn

20、t a very important life skill for us.情景交际根据情景提示，完成下列各题。1(2019原创)你的爱好是读书，可以这样说：2(2019原创)你姐姐喜欢遛狗，可以这样说：my sister .3(2019原创)当你听到我心依旧时，你觉得很好听，可以这样说：what !4(2019原创)昨天的这个时间你正在洗澡，可以这样说： this time yesterday.5(2019原创)你想请对方不要挂断电话，可以这样说：.看图写话根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。(2019原创)1 2 3 4 5 .短文填空阅读下面短文，根据语境、音

21、标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。(2019预测)i like reading 1. my free time. ive read all kinds of books which are written by many famous 2. (writer) from all over the world. but i like a chinese writer best. his name is xu zhimo.xu was born in a big 3. . his parents were good at wr

22、iting. his father taught little xu by 4. (he). when xu was very 5. , he was interested in reading. fables(寓言) and novels were his favorites. he loved reading very much and he often forgot to eat 6. sleep.when xu was about six years old, he began to write some stories. he kept 7. (practice) writing and did better and better. but he stil