直接引语和间接引语

1、直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语直接引语直接引语:说话人说话人直接引用直接引用别人的原话。别人的原话。间接引语间接引语:说话人用自己的话说话人用自己的话转述转述别人的话。别人的话。The boy said, “I can speak English.”The boy said that he could speak English.直接引语直接引语必须放在引号内必须放在引号内,间接引语间接引语则不用则不用引号。引号。间接引语间接引语一般构成一般构成宾语从句宾语从句。直接引语和间接引语的转化直接引语和间接引语的转化直接引语直接引语变变间接引语间接引语时时,除将引语部分变成除将引语部分变成宾语

2、从句宾语从句外外,还有一下变化：还有一下变化：1.人称人称 2.时态时态 3. 指示代词指示代词 4. 时间状语时间状语5. 地点状语地点状语 6. 部分动词部分动词1.人称变化人称变化: 根据意义进行相应的变化He said to me, “My sister will see the film.”He told me _ sister would see the film.his2.时态变化时态变化如果如果主句主句的的谓语谓语动词动词是是一般过去一般过去时时,直接引语变间直接引语变间接引语接引语,间接引语间接引语的的谓语动词谓语动词时态时态变化如下：变化如下：一般一般现在现在时时现在现在进

3、行时进行时现在现在完成时完成时一般一般过去过去时时过去过去完成时完成时一般一般将来将来时时canmaymust一般一般过去过去时时过去过去进行时进行时过去过去完成时完成时过去过去完成时完成时过去过去完成时完成时过去过去将来时将来时couldmightmust/ had to1. He said, “I usually do sports after school.” He said that _ usually _ sports after school.2. Tom said to me, “We will clean our classroom.” Tom told me that _ _

4、 their classroom.3. Mary said, “Im doing my homework.” Mary said that _ _ _ homework.”4. He said, “I went to the movies.” He said that _ _ to the movies.hedidtheywould cleanshewas doingherhehad gone1.转述的是转述的是客观真理客观真理或或叙述的状态和情况叙述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实到现在仍然是事实,从句时态不变从句时态不变The teacher said, “The sun is bigger

5、than the earth.”The teacher told us that the sun is bigger than the earth.”He said, “Im good at swimming.”He said that he is good at swimming.2.直接引语直接引语是是一般过去时或过去进行时一般过去时或过去进行时，但，但，变为，变为间接引语间接引语时可仍然时可仍然用用一般过去时或过去进行时。一般过去时或过去进行时。He said , “I wrote a book in 1996.”He said that he _ a book in 1996.wrot

6、eHe told me, “I was doing my homework when my mother came back.”He told me that he _ his homework when his mother came back.”was doing直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语nowtodaythis week/monthyesterdaythe day before yesterdaylast week/yearthree days agothenthat daythat week/monththe day beforetwo days beforethe week/y

7、ear beforethree days before直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语tomorrowthe day after tomorrownext week/ yearthe next/following daytwo days laterthe next week/ year直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语thistheseherethatthosethere直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语comebringgotake如果就在如果就在当天转述当天转述, tomorrow, yesterday, tomorrow不变不变如果在如果在当地转述当地转述, here不必不必改为改为th

8、ere come 不必不必改为改为 go直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语1.go2.is working3.has written4.went5.had done6.will go7.can8.may9. now10. today11.this week12.yesterday13.the day before yesterday14. last month15. three hours ago16. tomorrow17. the day after tomorrow18. next week19. here20. come直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语1.go2.is working3.

9、has written4.went5.had done6.will go7.can8.may9. now10. todaywentwas workinghad writtenhad gonehad donewould gocouldmightthenthat day直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语11.this week12.yesterday13.the day before yesterday14. last month15. three hours ago16. tomorrow17. the day after tomorrow18. next week19. here20. come

10、that weekthe day beforetwo days beforethe week beforethree hours beforethe next daytwo days later the next weektherego直接引语直接引语改为改为间接引语间接引语时时,都使用都使用.但是因为原句的句式不同但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成所以变成间接引间接引语语时所用的时所用的连词会有所不同连词会有所不同。 1. 直接引语直接引语是是连接词连接词：that (口语中常省略口语中常省略)间接引语间接引语从句的从句的人称人称、谓语动词时态谓语动词时态、时间状语时间状语、地点状语地点状语等

11、等做相应变化做相应变化陈述句语序不变陈述句语序不变主句主句谓语动词谓语动词常为常为: said (to sb.), told sb.He told us,“I want this blue one.”He told us _.She said to me, “You cant do anything now.”She told me _.(that) he wanted that blue one(that)I couldnt do anything then2. 直接引语是直接引语是疑问句疑问句变间接引语后称为变间接引语后称为“间接疑问句间接疑问句”间接疑问句语序间接疑问句语序：陈述语序：陈

12、述语序.句末用句号句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。相同。主句谓语动词主句谓语动词: ask, wonder, want to know.1.直接引语直接引语是是, 变为间接引语时变为间接引语时, 引导词引导词:whether或或if (是否是否)语序：语序：陈述句语序陈述句语序句尾标点：句尾标点：随主句标点随主句标点He asked me, “Are you working now?”He asked meJim asked,“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?” Jim askedI was working thenhe

13、had ever workedin Shanghai.2.直接引语直接引语是是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时变为间接引语时, 引导词引导词:原来的疑问词原来的疑问词语序：陈述句语序语序：陈述句语序句尾标点：句尾标点：随主句标点随主句标点He asked, “ do you live in?”He asked me“What do you think of the film?” She asked her friend.She asked her friendI lived inwhat she thought ofthe film.3.直接引语是直接引语是选择疑问句选择疑问句,变间接引语

14、时变间接引语时,引导词引导词: whether/if or语序：语序：陈述句语序陈述句语序句尾标点：句尾标点：随主句标点随主句标点Mum asked,“Is it your bike or Toms?” Mum askedit was my bikeor Toms.直接引语直接引语是是祈使句祈使句变间接引语变间接引语主句主句谓语动词谓语动词动词常用动词常用 tell, ask, order, beg, request, order直接祈使句直接祈使句Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.”Jack“Dont touch anyth

15、ing.” He said.Hetell/ ask/ order/ beg/ request/ order sb. (not) to do sth.asked Mary go to his housethe next day.told us touch anything.用所给动词的正确形式填空用所给动词的正确形式填空1. Dick said he_ (report) some important things to us the next day.2. First of all, you must tell me what you _ (do) at nine last night.3. M

16、y best friend told me he _ (send) some gifts to me for my birthday.4. He didnt tell me if Lucy _ (come) to see me in five days.5. The teacher told us the earth _ (travel) round the sun.would reportwere doinghad sent/would sendwould gotravels1.Tom says, “ I am going to be a teacher.” Tom said _ _ goi

17、ng to be a teacher.2. Amy says, “ Sally is hard-working.” Amy said _ _ hard-working.he wasSally wasChange the following into sentences reported speech.3. My English teacher says, “ You are a good student.” My teacher told me _ _ a good student.4. Jack says, “My father is a doctor.” Jack said _ fathe

18、r _ a doctor.I was/amhiswas1. Mary asked, “Could you help me cook dinner?” Mary asked me2. He asked, “Why are you so late for school, Jimmy?” He asked Jimmy3. Will you tell me the answer to this question? She asked if I could help her cook dinner. why he was so late for school. if I would tell her the answer to