定语从句归纳及专项练习题

1、。定语从句语法归纳及练习一、语法知识归纳一、基本概念（一）定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（二）先行词被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。（三）关系代词和关系副词定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who, whom, which,that和 whose, 另外， as 也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when, where 和 why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法（一）基本用法根据先

2、行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词先行词从句成分例句who人主语，宾语Do you know the man who is talking withyour mother?Mr. Smith is the person with whom I amwhom人宾语workingThe boy (whom) she loved diedin the war.I likethose books whose topicsare aboutwhose人，物定语history.The boy whose father works abroad is my关 系cla

3、ssmate.代词A plane is a machine that can fly.that人，物主语，宾语She is the pop star (that) I want to seevery much.The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.which物主语，宾语The picturewhich was about the accidentwas terrible.He issucha person as is respected by allas人，物主语，宾语of us.Thisis thesame pen as I lostyester

4、day.例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分） Do you know the professorwho/that will give us a speech next week?（作主语） I read a report about his new novelthat/ which will soon be published.（作主语） The planthat/which they argued aboutwas settled at last.（作宾语） This is the new secretary(who/whom/that) I would like to intro

5、duce to you.（作宾语） The soldierwhose legs were badly woundedwas operated on without delay.（作定语）注意：关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略，充当主语时则不能。（见上例）（二）关系代词 that代替 which 的一些情况which, that在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有些情况下，只用that 。先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如： This is the bestthat has been used against pollution. English is the most

6、difficult subjectthat you will learn during these years. 先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。例如： This is the last place(that) I want to visit. It is the first American movie of this kindthat Ive ever seen . 先行词是 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等代词时。例如： You should hand in allthatyou

7、have . We haven t got much that we can offer you. 先行词前面有 the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all, much, every等修饰时。例如： The only thingthat we can dois to give you some money. The little money (that) he hadwas stolen.（三）宜用 who,而不用 that的一些情况 先行词是 one, ones, anyone 时。例如： One who has nothing to fear

8、 for oneselfdares to tell the truth. Dont tell anyone about the newswho oughtn t to know it.先行词是 those 时。例如：精选资料，欢迎下载备注whom, which和 that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略， 但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatas 做宾语一般不省略 Thosewho were not fit for their work（四）其它情况 先行词既有人又有物时。例如：。could not see the beautiful clothes made of the mag

9、ic cloth. Do you know the things and personsthat they are talking about? The bike and its riderthat had run over an old manwere taken to the police station. 主句已有疑问词who 或 which 时。例如： Which is the bikethat you lost? Who is the womanthat was praised at the meeting?（五）与 whose 有关的问题 whose 是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也

10、可以代物。例如： I saw a womanwhose bag was stolen . Please show me the bookwhose cover is red. 当 whose 表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。例如： The buildingwhose roof you can see from hereis a new restaurant. The building,the roof of which you can see from here,is a new restaurant.或 The building,of which the roof y

11、ou can see from hereis a new restaurant.三、介词前提的问题关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。例如：Have you seen the pen(which) I wrote the note with just now? （which 作介词 with的宾语）Have you seen the penwith which I wrote the note just now?但是，要注意的是： 介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用whom和 which ，而不再用 that或 who。 介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。

12、有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for, look after, take care of等。例如：错误： Who is the old manto that you were talking to?正确： Who is the old manto whom you were talking?或 Who is the old man(that/ whom) you were talking to?错误： These are the sheepof which the boy took care.正确： These are the sheep(which/that) the

13、 boy took care of.四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。例如：Who is the guythat is reading over there?The number of people that are going to the exhibitionis expected to be over 25,000.All that needs to be donehas been done.He is one of the studentswho use computer a lot for study

14、.Timmy is the only one of the pupilsthat has failed the exam.例中的 all 意为“一切”，作单数。例中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。that 与 which, who, whom的用法区别：情况用法说明例句先行词为 all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等1. He told me everything that he knows.不定代词时。2. All the books that you offered have been先行词被 all, a

15、ny, every, each, much, little, no, some, fewgiven out.只用 that 的情况等修饰时3.This is the best filmthat Ihave everread.先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4.We talked about thepersonsand thingsthat先行词既指人又指物时we remembered.先行词被 the only, the very修饰时5. He is the only man that I want to see.句中已经有 who或 which 时，为了避免重复时6. Who is th

16、e man that is making a speech?在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which 指代物，用 who/whom指人1.He has a son, who has gone abroad forfurther在由“介词 +关系代词” 引导的定语从句中， 只能用 which 指物， whom study.只 用 which,who,指人。2. I like the person to whom the teacher iswhom的情况先行词本身是that 时，关系词用 which,先行词为 those, one, hetalking.时多用 who。3.Those who re

17、spectothersareusuallyrespected by others.定语从句专项练习 (1)4.Do you know the year_the Chinese Communist Party was1.The place _interested me most was the Childrensfounded?Palace.A. whichB. that C. whenD. on whichA. Which B. whereC. whatD. in which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.2.Do you know the man _?

18、A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. whenA. whom I spoke B. to who spokeC. I spoke to D. that6.The factory _wellvisitnext week isnot far fromI spokehere.3.This is the hotel _last month.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in whichA. which they stayedB. at that they stayed7.Greatchanges have takenplaceinthe fac

19、tory_we areC. where they stayed atD. where they stayedworking since then.精选资料，欢迎下载A. whereB. thatC. whichD. there8.This is one of the best films _.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talked9.Can you lend me the book _the other day?A. about w

20、hich you talkedB. which you talkedC. about that you talkedD. that you talked10.The pen _he is writing is mine.A.with whichB.in whichC.on which D.by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat asmall boy.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. that12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 yearsold.A.to

21、whomB.on whomC.with which D. with whom13.Is there anyone in your class _family is in thecountry?A. whoB. whosC. whichD. whose14.Im interested in _you have said.A. all thatB.all whatC. thatD. which15.I wanttousethesamedictionary_wasusedyesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. as16.He isnt such a man _he use

22、d to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. as17.He is good at English, _we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. what18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went withB. with whom I wentC. with who I wentD.I went with him19.I dont like _ as you read.A. the novels B. thesuch novels C.such novelsD. samenove

23、ls20.He talked a lot about things and persons _theyremembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what21.Theletterisfrommy sister,_isworkinginBeijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of_are women.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who23.Youretheonlyperson _I

24、veevermet _coulddo it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; who24.I lost a book, _I cant remember now.A. whose title B. its titleC. thetitle of itD. thetitle of that25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhouis famous in the world.A.for whichB.for thatC.in whichD what26.I have bought such a watch _

25、was advertised onTV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. it27.I can never forget the day _ we worked togetherand the day _ we spent together.A.when; whichB.which; when C.what; that D.on which;when28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whoseC. whatD./29.Thisisthereason_he didntcome tothemeeting.A. in

26、 whichB. with whichC. thatD. for which。30.This machine, _for many years, is still workingperfectly.A.afterwhich Ihave lookedB.which Ihave lookedafterC. that I have looked afterD. I have looked after31.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill.A. why; thatB. that; whyC. for that; hatD. forwhich; what

27、32.He is workinghard, _will make himpassthe finalexam.A.thatB.whichC.for whichD.who33.That is not the way _I do it.A./B.whichC.for whichD.with which34.I have two grammars, _are of great use.A. allofwhichB.either of whichC. both ofthatD. bothof which35.Iwant touse the same tools_used inyourfactorya f

28、ew days ago.A.as wasB. which wasC.as were D. which36.My neigh bours used to givemea hand intimeoftrouble,_ was very kind of them.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. it37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A. thatB. whichC. from thatD. from which38.He is not such a man _ would leave his work halfdone.

29、A. thatB. whichC. whoD. as39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes.A. /B. whyC. whenD. whose40. Smoking,_ isa bad habit,is, however,popular.A. thatB. whichC. itD. though41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened?- Yes, he told me all _ he knew.A.what; thatB. what; whatC. which; which D. that;th

30、at42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived onthe farm with the farmers, _ has a great effect onmy life.A.when;whoB.that;whichC. which;thatD.when;which43. The number of the people who _ cars _increasing.A.owns; areB. owns; isC. own; isD. own; are44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at

31、the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A. thatB. /C. whichD. it46. The cleverboy made a hole in the wall,_ he couldsee _ was going on inside house.A. which; whatB. through which; whatC.through that; whatD. what; that47. Is _ some Ger

32、man friends visited last week? A this school B.this the school C.this school oneD.thisschool where48. John got beaten in thegame, _ had been expected.A. asB. thatC. whatD. who49. I have bought two ballpens, _ writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of which50. All tha

33、t can be eaten _ eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been定语从句专项练习（2）精选资料，欢迎下载1. Nearlyall thestreets are in straight lines, _from east to west. Those _run from northto southare called avenues.A. running;thatB.run;whoC. running;who D.run;that2. This isthe case _ hes had allhismoney

34、stolen.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. on which3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn,_ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008.A. where B. whenC. whichD. how4. The artistwillnotpaintpeople or animals buthe willpaint anything _ .A. that the little girl asks himB. the little girlasks him toC.

35、for the little girl to ask himD. what the littlegirl asks him5. How didyou get intouchwith the travel agent,Robin? Oh, that s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one _ the telephone number is provided.A. whichB. in whichC. of whichD. whose6. October 15 th is my birthday, _ I will never forge

36、t.A. whenB. thatC. whatD. which7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _ he can walk correctly and safely.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. whose8. There are several research centers in China _a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. what9. I ho

37、pe that the little _ I have been able to do does good to them all.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. when10. The time is not far away _ modern communicationswill become widespread in Chinas vast countryside.A. asB. whenC. untilD. before11. _ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.A

38、. ItB. AsC. WhichD. What12. I shall never forget the day _ Shen Zhou V was launched, _ has a great effect on my life.A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that13. The bread my wife makes is much better than _you can buy at a store.A. that whichB. one thatC. that of whichD. this of wh

39、ich14. There is no such place _ you dream of in all this world.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. as15. The people, _ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homesB. all of whose homesC. all their homesD. all of their homes16. The humans are destroyingnature day by day,ofc

40、ourse, will cause severe punishment from it sooner orlater.A. whoB. whenC. on whichD. which17. Is this research center _ you visitedthe modernequipment last year?A. whereB. thatC. the one thatD. the one where18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old _ they swam in it.。A. whenB.

41、 thatC. whoD. where19. The man showed us so heavy a stone_ no man canlift.A. thatB. asC. whichD. and20. He stayedthereforquite a long time, during _time he learned much spoken English.A. thatB. thisC. whichD. same定语从句专项练习（3）1. Who is the womanis sweeping the floor overthere?A. whoB. /C. thatD. when2. The doctoris leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse istalkingC. the nurse is talking toD. who the nurse istalking3. He talked about a herono one had ever heard.A. of whomB. from wh