words in lesson 12 ships in the desert讲解

1、Paragraph 1Process 1，(Verb) To perform a particular process.处理；加工。Eg:The material will be processed into plastic pellets.该原料将会被加工成塑料颗粒。2，(Noun) A series of events to produce a result, especially as contrasted to product.程序，过程。Eg :They decided to spread the building process over three years.他们决定在三年内分

2、期完成该建造过程。Catch1，(Noun)The act of seizing or capturing.捕捉； something which is captured or caught.捕获物Eg:The fishermen took pictures of their catch.2，（verb) To capture, overtake.抓住,捕捉；赶上。Eg:Police say they are confident of catching the gunman.警方说他们有信心抓获枪手。Anchor1，（verb) To stop; to fix or rest.停泊；使固定。E

3、g:Sailboats lay at anchor in the narrow waterway.帆船停泊在狭窄的水道里。2，(Noun) A tool used to moor a vessel to the bottom of a sea or river to resist movement.锚The sailorcoiledthe ropearound theanchor.水手把绳子盘缠在锚上。Bow1，(Noun) A weapon made of a curved piece of wood or other flexible material whose ends are con

4、nected by a string, used for shooting arrows.弓Eg: Some of the raiders were armed with bows and arrows.有些偷袭者配备了弓箭。The front of a boat or ship.船首The waves were about five feet high now, and the bow of the boat was leaping up and down.浪头现在约有五英尺高，船头上下颠簸2,(verb) To bend oneself as a gesture of respect or

5、 deference.鞠躬Eg:They bowed low to Louis and hastened out of his way.他们向路易斯深深地鞠躬并迅速给他让路。Bleak1,(adj.) Desolate and exposed; swept by cold winds.荒凉的；阴冷的Eg: The islands pretty bleak.这个岛很荒凉。Unhappy; hopeless; miserable; emotionally desolate.沮丧的；无希望的，渺茫的；Eg:There is nothing left, she says bleakly.“一点也不剩了

6、，”她沮丧地说。The immediate outlook remains bleak.最近的前景依然很渺茫的。Dune(Noun) A ridge or hill of sand piled up by the wind.沙丘Eg:They often form along the boundary between the dune and the surface below .它们通常沿着沙丘和坡面间的分界线分布。The Aral 咸海；一个位于中亚的内流咸水湖，坐落于哈萨克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦自治共和国的交界处，原为世界第四大水体。Divert(verb) To turn

7、aside from a course.使转向；使改道。Eg:A wave of deadly bombings has forced the United States to divert funds from reconstruction to security.一系列致命的炸弹袭击迫使美国将资金从重建转向安全防御。Ill-considered (adj.) Poorly considered.考虑不周的；欠考虑的Eg:He made some ill-considered remarks about the cost.他对这项成本发表了一些欠考虑的看法。Fleet1，(Noun) A g

8、roup of vessels or vehicles.舰队，船队Fishing fleet 渔船队Eg:Thefishingfleetsails fromthebayeverymorning.每天清晨，渔船队从海湾中驶出。2，(Verb) To pass over rapidly; to skim the surface.飞逝；疾驰；掠过。I saw a ship fleeting the gulf this morning.我今天早上看到一艘船疾驰而过海湾。Dock1，(Noun) A fixed structure attached to shore to which a vessel

9、is secured when in port.码头；船坞Eg:She headed for the docks, thinking that Ricardo might be hiding in one of the boats.2，(Verb) To land at a harbor。停靠码头；停泊。Eg:The crash happened as the ferry attempted to dock on Staten Island.这次碰撞发生于渡船试图停靠在斯塔滕岛时。Can1,(Noun) A more or less cylindrical vessel for liquids

10、, usually of steel or aluminium. 罐头Eg:Several young men were kicking a tin can along the middle of the road.几个小伙子正在马路中间踢着一个锡罐。2，(Verb) To preserve, by heating and sealing in a can or jar.制成罐头以保存（食物）；把.装罐.Eg:These fruits and vegetables will be canned, skinned, diced, or otherwise processed.这些水果和蔬菜将要经

11、过装罐、去皮、切块或其他加工程序。Paragraph 2Parka(Noun) A long jacket with a hood which protects the wearer against rain ,wind or snow.派克大衣，（户外穿的）皮制大衣，风雪大衣Eg:He was shown bundled up in a parka with matching thick gloves.在照片上，他穿着派克皮大衣和与之相配套的厚手套。Crack1，(Verb) To break apart under pressure.使裂开Eg:Crack the eggs into a

12、bowl.把鸡蛋打到碗中。2，(Noun) A thin and usually jagged space opened in a previously solid material.裂缝Eg:The plate had a crack in it.这盘子上有条裂纹。Peel1，(Verb) To remove the skin or outer covering of.剥皮Eg:I sat by my sisters bed, peeling oranges for her.我坐在妹妹的床上给她剥橘子。2,(Verb) small pieces of skin are coming off,

13、 usually because you have been burned by the sun. (人) 脱皮; (皮) 脱落。Eg:His face was peeling from sunburn.他的脸因日晒而在脱皮。Paragraph 3Upwind1. adj. Towards the side exposed to wind 逆风的E.g:The kites fly upwind.How beautiful the scene is!这些风筝迎风飞翔，多美的景色啊！2. adv. Toward the wind;in the direction opposite to the d

14、irection the wind is blowing 逆风地E.g:The rich went to live in the west of London,upwind of the smell of people and industry.有钱人搬去伦敦西区住，远离尘世的喧嚣。Inexorable1. not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty;2. not capable of being swayed or diverted from a course;insusceptible to persuasion;adj. 无情的

15、，铁面无私的;不可动摇的，不屈不挠的；不能变更的；不可阻挡的E.g:His own career continues its inexorable ascent.他事业的上升势头锐不可挡。Enormousadj. extraordinary large in size or extent or amount or power or degree;巨大的；庞大的；极恶的；凶暴的synonym：tremendousE.g:The company was coasting on the enormous success of its early products.公司凭借早期产品的巨大成功而在市场上

16、遥遥领先。Paragraph 4The midnight sun (n.)A phenomenon in which the sun remains visible in the sky at midnight，occurring only in the polar regions.午夜的太阳Pitch(v.)1、to set up a tent or a camp for a short time 搭（帐篷）；扎（营）eg . They pitched camp for the night near the river.他们靠河边扎营过夜。2、to throw sb/sth with for

17、ce 用力扔；投；抛Idiom: pitch a story /line (to sb).（对某人）编谎话(n.)1、an area of ground specially prepared and marked for playing a sports game (体育比赛的)场地；球场2、the degree or strength of a feeling or activity;the highest point of sth (感情、活动等的)程度，力度；(事物的)最高点3、 the degree to which a roof slopes倾斜度4、the movement of

18、a ship up and down in the water or of an aircraft in the air(船在水上的)上下颠簸，纵摇Frigid (adj.)1、extremely cold ;without heat or warmth 寒冷的，严寒的2、not showing any feelings of friendship or kindness 冷淡的 Eg. Against the frigid grip of the sea，she struggled hour after hour.她拼命的抵抗寒冷的冰水，坚持不懈的努力着。Snowmobile (n.)Any

19、 of various motor vehicles for traveling over snow，usually with steerable runners at the front and tractor treads at the rear （机动）雪车；（履带式）雪上汽车Rendezvous源于法语，原义为：to present yourself (n.)1、a place where people have arranged to meet约会地点2、an arrangement to meet sb at a particular time and place.约会3、a ba

20、r, etc. that is a popular place for people to meet（酒吧等）热门聚会场所，聚会处(v.)to meet at a time and place that have been arranged in advance（在约定的时间和地点）会面，集合eg . This is one of the great rendezvous of London for artists.这是伦敦最大的艺术家云集地之一。Submarine(n.) a type of ship that can travel both above and below the surf

21、ace of the sea.潜艇Eg. We were trying to plot the course of the submarine.(adj.) means existing below the surface of the sea.水下的，海底的Eg. A new submarine cable was laid from England to Netherlands.Hovered (v.)1、(of birds，helicopters，etc.鸟、直升机等)to stay in the air in one place 翱翔；盘旋2、(of a person人)to wait

22、 somewhere ，especially near sb，in a shy or uncertain manner踌躇，彷徨（尤指在某人身边）3、to stay close to sth ,or to stay in an uncertain state靠近（某事物）；处于不稳定状态eg .1、A plane is hovering on our house.有一架飞机在我们的房子上盘旋。2、Temperatures hovered around freezing.气温在冰点上下徘徊。Crash 1、An accident in which a vehicle hits sth, for

23、example another vehicle, usually causing damage and often injuring or killing the passengers.撞车；碰撞；相撞2、A loud resonant repeating noise.碰撞声；碎裂声eg: The first distant crash of thunder shook the air. 远处的第一声霹雳震撼着天空。3、A sudden serious fall in the price or value of sth .暴跌、倒闭；失败 （尤指企业金融机构）eg: Share prices

24、crashed to an all-time low yesterday. 昨天股票价格暴跌到了前所未有的最低记录。track（n.）1、A line or route along with sth travels or moves/a rough path or road. （崎岖不平的）小道，路径（n.）2、marks left by a person ,an animal or a moving vehicle.(人、动物或车辆留下的)足迹，踪迹；车辙 eg: we followed the bears tracks. 我们循着熊在雪地上留的足迹走。 （v.）3、to find sb/s

25、th following the marks, signs, etc.跟踪；追踪 eg: we continued tracking the plane on our radar. 我们继续用雷达追踪那架飞机。 Surface (v.)To come up to the surface of water浮出水面，升到水面eg：The duck dived and surfaced again several metres away.鸭子潜入水中，然后在几米开外钻出水面Eerily (adv.)In an unnatural eery manner.引起神秘感或害怕地It was nearly

26、mid-night and eerily dark all around her.Snowcape (n.)A scene or view of an area covered in snow,especially an impresive one 雪景（尤指使人印像深刻的）Eg. These old hard-working common men were the same as the beautiful snowscape.Windswept (adj.)1、(Of a place)having strong winds and little protection from them受大

27、风吹的；当风的eg. The windswept Atlantic coast受大风侵袭的大西洋海岸2、Looking as though you have been in a strong wind似被风吹散的；乱蓬蓬的eg. windswept hair凌乱的头发Sparkling (adj).1、shining and flashing with light 闪烁的；闪耀的eg.the calm and sparkling waters of the lake 平静的波光粼粼的湖水2、（of drinks）containing bubbles of gas起泡的3、interesting

28、 and amusing妙趣横生的 a sparking conversation/personality4、excellent;of very good quality出色的；上乘的 eg.The champion was in sparkling form. 夺冠者状态极佳Hummocks (n.)A small hill or pile of earth小山；小丘Ridge (n.)1、a narrow area of high land along the top of a line of hills ; a high pointed area near the top of a mo

29、untain山脊；山脉eg. walking along the ridge沿着山脊行走2、a raised line on the surface of sth;the point where two sloping surfaces jion隆起；脊；垄eg. the ridge of the roof屋脊3、a long narrow area of high pressre in the atmosphere高压脊，高压带Sheet (n.)a wide flat area of sth,covering the surface ofsth else一大片（覆盖物）eg. The ro

30、ad was covered with a sheet of ice.路面结了一层冰Collide (v.)1. crash together with violent impact. 碰撞，冲突2. be incompatible; be or come into conflict.抵触3. cause to collide.相撞eg. The interests of the two countries collide.Level (n.) the amount of sth that exists in a particular situation at a particular tim

31、e（某时某情况下存在的）数量，程度，浓度eg. A test was checks the level of alcohol in the blood. Ultimately ( adv.)1.最终，最后，终归 in the end ,finallyeg.Ultimately,you will have to make the decision yourself.2.最基本地，根本上 at the most basic and important leveleg.All life depends ultimately on oxygen. 一切生命归根到底都要依赖氧气Paragraph 5sc

32、enarioNoun1. an outline or synopsis of a play (or, by extension, of a literary work) 剧情概要； (电影的)剧情梗概2. a setting for a work of art or literature 情境；场景 e.g. The scenario is France during the Reign of Terror.3. a postulated sequence of possible events (行动的)方案；设想；可能发生的情况 e.g. Planners developed several

33、 scenarios in case of an attack.speculativeAdjective1. not financially safe or secure投机性的 e.g. The Kings Reach hotel was built as a speculative venture but never completed.2. not based on fact or investigation (信息)推测性的，猜测性的 e.g. He has written a speculative biography of Christopher Marlowe.3. showin

34、g curiosity (表情)带着疑问的，好奇的 e.g. His mother regarded him with a speculative eye.tundraNoun1. a vast treeless plain in the arctic regions between the ice cap and the tree line (多数位于北极圈的)冻土带；苔原；冻原；寒漠Paragraph 6preciselyAdverb1. indicating exactness or preciseness正好，恰恰，确实地(表示强调) e.g. Children come to zoo

35、s precisely to see captive animals.2. in a precise manner 精确地；准确地 e.g. The meeting began at precisely 4.00 p.m.3. just as it should be 确实如此；一点没错 e.g. Did you find yourself wondering what went wrong? Precisely.equatorNoun1. an imaginary line around the Earth forming the great circle that is equidista

36、nt from the north and south poles 赤道billowNoun1. a large sea wave 巨浪Verb1. rise up as if in waves (烟或云)翻滚，滚滚向上2. move with great difficulty 3. rise and move, as in waves or billows 在波涛中翻滚4. become inflated pastureNoun1. a field covered with grass or herbage and suitable for grazing by livestock牧场；牧草

37、地2. animal food for browsing or grazing牧草Verb1. let feed in a field or pasture or meadow 放牧2. feed as in a meadow or pasture Paragraph 7latitudenoun. a region of the world dividing north and south 纬度地区freedom to choose what you do or the way that you do it.选择Example:the north latitude 北纬地区 They allo

38、w their children far too much latitudes.他们对孩子太放任自由了。 ghostlyadj. Looking or sounding like a ghost;full of ghost鬼似的，幽灵般的example:a ghostly figure 鬼影 ghostly footsteps 幽灵般的脚步blotv. to cover or hide sth completely遮住，隐藏 to deliberately try to forget an unpleasent memory or thought忘记example: Clouds blotte

39、d out the sun.云遮住了太阳。 He tried to blot out the image of helens sad face.他尽量不去想海伦那张忧伤的脸。cloakV. sth to cover or hide sth(often passive)遮盖Example:The hills were cloaked in the thick mist.大雾笼罩着群山。The meeting was cloaked in a mystery.会议笼罩着神秘的气氛。shimmeringV.to shine with a soft light that seems to move s

40、lightly发出微弱的闪光；闪烁Noun. a shining light that seems to move slightly闪烁的光Example:the sea was shimmering in the sunlight.阳光下海水波光闪烁。 A shimmer of moonlight in the dark sky.黑暗的夜空中忽明忽暗的月光。TranslucentAllowing light to pass through but not transparent.半透明的Example:the sky was a pale translucent blue.天空当时为隐隐约约

41、的淡蓝色。Termite snoun. an insect that lives in organized groups 白蚁biomassnoun. a total quantity or weight of plants an animals in a particular area or volume.生物量（术语）condenseV. to change from a gas into liquid;to make a gas change into liquid气体冷凝Example:Steams condenses into water when in cools.蒸汽冷却凝结为水

42、。 Condense the soup by boiling it for several minutes.煮几分钟把汤熬浓。Paragraph 89Rip v.to tear sth or to become torn, often suddenly or violently（突然或猛烈地）撕破，裂开to remove sth quickly or violently, often by pulling it猛地扯开；突然拉开 Tusk n.either of the long curved teeth that stick out of the mouth of elephants and

43、 some other animals（象和某些其他动物的）长牙Startle n.to surprise sb suddenly in a way that slightly shocks or frightens them使惊吓；使吓一跳；使大吃一惊Spectral adj.like a ghost ; connected with a ghost鬼一般的；幽灵似的；鬼的；幽灵的connected with a spectrum谱的；光谱的By now既然2.如今3.这会儿4.到今天,至今为止Paralysis adj.a loss of control of, and sometimes

44、 feeling in, part or most of the body, caused by disease or an injury to the nerves麻痹；瘫痪a total inability to move, act, function, etc. (活动、工作等）能力的完全丧失，瘫痪Paragraph 10distressingadj. 使人痛苦的，令人苦恼的；凄凄惨惨1. causing distress or worry or anxiety;2. bad; unfortunate;classifyvt.分类，归类；把列为密件1. arrange or order b

45、y classes or categories;2. declare unavailable, as for security reasons;3. assign to a class or kind; How would you classify these pottery shards-are they prehistoric?synonym： c，sort，assort，sort out，separateParagraph 11militaryadj.军事的；军用的；讨厌的；好战的1. of or relating to the study of the principles of wa

46、rfare;2. characteristic of or associated with soldiers or the military;n.军人；军队；武装力量1. the military forces of a nation;categoryn.类型，部门，种类，类别，类目；逻，哲范畴；体重等级1. a collection of things sharing a common attribute;2. 2. a general concept that marks divisions or coordinations in a conceptual schemetheatern.剧

47、场；戏剧界；戏剧效果；军战区1. a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented;2. the art of writing and producing plays synonym： dramaturgy，dramatic art，dramatics，theatre3. a region in which active military operations are in progress;skirmishn.小规模战斗；小争论；小冲突；体美比赛1. a minor short-

48、term fightv.参与小争斗；进行小争论；搜索；侦察1. engage in a skirmishParagraph 12instancen.例子，实例；情况；要求，建议；法诉讼手续1. an occurrence of something; it was a case of bad judgment another instance occurred yesterday but there is always the famous example of the Smiths synonym： case，example2. an item of information that is r

49、epresentative of a type;vt.举为例1. clarify by giving an example ofcontaminationn.污染；弄脏；毒害；玷污1. the state of being contaminated synonym： taint2. a substance that contaminates synonym： contaminant3. the act of contaminating or polluting; including (either intentionally or accidentally) unwanted substanc

50、es or factorsaquifern.地下蓄水层，砂石含水层1. underground bed or layer yielding ground water for wells and springs etcspilln.洒出（量）；泼出（量）；溢出（量）；小塞子1. liquid that is spilled; clean up the spills2. a channel that carries excess water over or around a dam or other obstruction3. the act of allowing a fluid to esca

51、pe synonym： spillway，wasteweirv.synonym： spillag溢出；泼出；涌出；蜂拥而出1. cause or allow (a liquid substance) to run or flow from a container; spill the milk splatter water synonym： slop，splatter2. flow, run or fall out and become lost; The milk spilled across the floor The wine spilled onto the table synonym

52、： run out3. cause or allow (a solid substance) to flow or run out or over;fundamentallyadv.基础地；根本地；从根本上1. at bottom or by ones (or its) very nature;simultaneouslyadv.同时地；一壁；齐；一齐1. at the same instant;at stakeadv.危如累卵，危险Paragraph 1314chlorine 氯气Chlorofluorocarbon 氯氟烃Ultraviolet紫外线的Its harmful for peo

53、ple to sorb ultraviolet radiation heavilymolecule 分子A molecule of water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen equilibrium 平衡，均衡 the point at which the solid and the liquid are in equilibrium is called the freezing point平静，安宁 he sat down to cry and recover his equilibriumvegetative

54、 植物的 chrysantheme is vegetative midicine植物人状态的 he is vegetativeParagraph 1516rice paddy 稻田E.g: The conceptis said to have beeninspiredby theterracedricepaddiesinBali,Indonesia. 据说这种设计灵感来源于印度尼西亚巴厘岛上的水稻梯田。Pasture 牧场E.g: The cows are out now, grazing in the pasture.牛群现在出去了，正在牧场上吃草Pervasive adj. 普遍的；到处渗

55、透的；流行的E.g: Thenextbigsurpriseforpeoplewillbehowthisnaturalinterface becomespervasive.下一个大的惊喜将是这个自然界面如何普及变得无孔不入。Trivial adj. 不重要的，琐碎的；琐细的 E.g: Itsuselessto fireawaywithsuchtrivialdetails.喋喋不休地谈这些琐碎细节是无用的。Discard vt. 抛弃；放弃；丢弃vi. 放弃n. 抛弃；被丢弃的东西或人E.g: Youhave todiscardanythoughtsofdisbanding.你必须丢弃一切解散军队的念头Yardstick n. 码尺E.g: Realresultsshould betheyardstickformeasuringsuccess.真实的成果是衡量成功的准绳。Paragrap