新目标英语九年级全册知识点归纳

1、新目标英语九年级全册知识点归纳Unit 1一、知识点1. by + doing 通过方式 女口： by studying with a groupby还可以表示：在旁”靠近”在期间”用”经过”乘车”等 如: I live by the river.I have to go back by ten o clock.The thief en tered the room by the win dow.The stude nt went to park by bus.2. tooto太而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth女如: I rioo tired to say

2、 anything.我太累了，什么都不想说。3. be / get excited about st= be / get excited about doing sth=be excited to do sth对 感兴奋女口： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=I am excited to go to Beiji ng.我对去北京感到兴奋。4. end up doing sth终止做某事，结束做某事女口： he party ended up singing.晚会以唱歌而结束。 end up with sth以 结束女口： The party

3、 ended up with her singing.晚会以她的歌唱而告终。5. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级)+名词复数形式其中之一女口： She is one of the most popular teachers她是最受欢迎的教师之一。6. It s形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth.(对干某人来说)做某事女如： It s difficult (for me ) to study English对于我来说学习英语太难了。句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是 to study English7. unless假如不，除非 引导条件状语从句女口： You will

4、fail unless you work hard.假如你不努力你会失败。I won t write unless he writes firs除非他先写要不我不写8. . see sb. / sth, doing看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生-see sb. / sth, do看见某人在做某事 女口：女口： She saw him drawing a picture in the classrooms看见他正在教室里画画。9. aloud, loud与loudly的用法：三个词都与大声或响亮有关。 aloud是副词，重点在出声能让人听见，但声音不一定很大，常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之

5、后。aloud没有比较级形式。如：He read the story aloud to his so他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时，常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用，多 用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如：She told us to speak a little louder.她让我们说大声一点。 loudly是副词，与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用，但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思，可位于动词之前或之后。如：He does n ot talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.他不当众大声谈笑。10. ge

6、t +宾语+宾补（形容词 过去分词 动词不定式）使某种情况发生例：Get the shoes clean.把鞋擦干净Get Mr. Green to come.让格林先生进来I wa nt to get my bike repaired.我想去修自行车You can t get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着 .11. 动词不定式做定语 与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to come. 与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I have no thi ng to sa

7、y.I n eed a pen to write with.I need some paper to write on.I don t have a room to live in.12. join加入某团体 并成为其中一员attend出席参加会议或讲座join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。13 .instead: adv.代替，更换。例： We have no coffee, would you like tea in stead我们没有咖啡了，改喝茶好吗？It will take days by car, so let s fly in stead.开车去要好几天呢

8、，咱们还是坐飞机吧。Tom was ill, so I went in stead 汤姆病了，所以换了我去。in stead of doi ng sth .作为某人或某事物的替换例: Let s play cards in stead of watchi ng TV.We sometimes eat rice in stead of potatoes.Give me the red one in stead of the gree n one.14. 提建议的句子： What/ how about +doing sth.? 女口： What/ How about going shopping?

9、 Why don you + do sth.? 如:Why don you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ?女口：Why not go shopping? Let s + do sth.女口：Let s go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.?女口：Shall we/ I go shopping?15. enjoy doing sth .喜欢做乐意做女口：She enjoys playi ng football.她喜欢踢足球。enjoy on eself 过得愉快 女口： He enjoyed himself.他过得愉快。初中英语16

10、. too many 许多 修饰可数名词女口： too many girlstoo much 许多修饰不可数名词 女口： too much milkmuch too 太修饰形容词女口： much too beautiful二.短语:1.by mak ing flashcards通过做单词抽认卡2. askfor help向某人求助3.read aloud 朗读4.that way (=in that way)通过那种方式5.improve my speak ing skills提高我的会话技巧 6.for example (=for in sta nee)例7.have fun玩得高兴8.ha

11、ve conv ersati ons with frie nds 与朋友对话9.get excited 高兴，激动10.e nd up speaki ng in Chi nese 以说汉语结束对话11.do a survey about 做有关的调查 12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔13.spoken English (= oral English)英语口语 14.make mistakes 犯错误15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确16.practise speaking English 练习说英语17.first of a

12、ll 首先18.begi n with以开始19.later o n 随后20.in class在课堂上21.laught at 嘲笑22. take n otes 记笔记23. enjoy doing 喜欢干24. write down 写下，记下25.look up (v + adv)查找，查询26.n ative speakers说本族话的人27.make up编造，虚构，化妆，打扮28.arou nd the world 全世界29.deal with 对待，处理，解决30.worry about (be worried about)担心，担忧31.be angry with生某人的气

13、32.stay an gry 生气33.go by消逝34. regardas 把当做plain about/of 抱怨36. change-into 把变成(二 turn into)37.with the help of在的帮助下 38. compareto (with) 把和作比较39.think of (think about)想起，想到 4O.physical problems身体上的问题41. break off中断，突然终止42. n otat all根本不，全然不Unit 21. used to do sth过去常常做某事否定形式：didn t use to do sth / u

14、sed not to do sth.女口： He used to play football after school.放学后他过去常常踢足球。Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didn . tHe didn t use smoke.他过去不吸烟。2. 反意疑问句(中考不考，可作了解) 肯定陈述句 + 否定提问女口： Lily is_a student, isn t she?Lily will go to China, won t she 否定陈述句+肯定提问 女口： Shedoesn t comfeom China, does sh

15、e?You haven tfinished homework, have you? 提问部分用代词而不用名词Lily is a student, isn she? t 陈述句中含有否定意义的词女口： little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。女口： He knows little English, does h? 他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it,did they?他们几平不明白，不是吗?3. interested adj.感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人 interesting adj

16、.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物 be interested in sth 对感兴趣 be interested in doing sth 对做 感兴趣女口： He is interested in math, but heisn t interested in speakiEnglish.他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。4. 害怕 be terrified of sth.女口： I am terrified of the dog.be terrified of doing sth.女口： I am terrified of speaking。5. spend 动词，表示

17、 花费金钱、时间 ” spendon sth.在某事上花费（金钱、时间） spenddoing sth.花费（金钱、时间）去做某事女口： He spends too much time on clothes.他花费太多的时间在衣着He spe nd 3 mon ths building the bridge他 花费了三个月去建这座桥。pay for 花费 如:I pay 10 yuan for the book.我花了 10 元买这本书。I take 动词 有 花费的意思 常用的结构有：take sb. to do sth.女口： It takes me a dayto read the bo

18、ok. take to do sth.6. how to swim 怎样游泳不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和 what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用，构成不定工短语。女口： The question is when to start.问题是什么时候开始。I I don t knowhere to go.我不知道去哪。7. make sb./ sth. + 形容词 make you happymake sb./ sth. + 动词原形 make him laugh8. as +形容词/副词+ as sb. could/can尽某人的 能力女口：Zhou

19、 run as fast as her could/ca n她尽她最快的能力去跑。9. take pride in sth.以而自豪女口： His father always take pride in him.他的爸爸总是以他而自豪10. pay attention to sth.对 注意，留心女口： You must pay attention to your friend.你应该多注意你的朋友。11. be able to do sth .能做某事如: She is able to do it.她能够做到。12. give up doing sth .放弃做某事女口： My father

20、 has given up smoking.我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。13. 不再 no more = no longer 女口： I play tennis no more/ longer我不再打网 球。not any more = not any longer女口： I don play tennis any more/longer.我不再打网球。Unit 31. allow句型 allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事女口： We do not allow people to smoke in the hall. allow doing允许做某事 be allowed to do被

21、允许做某事 should be allowed to do应该被允许做某事2. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事get sth. done过去分词）have sth. done女口： I get my car made. = I have my car made.我让别人修好我的车3. enough 足够彳 形容词+ enough女口： beautiful enough 足够漂亮enoughs名词 女口： enough food足够食物enough to 足够去做女口： I have eno ugh money to go to Beiji ng.我有足

22、够的钱去北京。She is old enough to go to schoo 她够大去读书了。4. stop doing sth 停止做某事Please stop speaking请停止说话。stop to do sth.停止下来去做某事Please stop to spea请停下来说话。5. 看起来好像 sb. seem to do sth. = it seems that +从句女口： He seems to feel very sad.It seems that he feels very sad他看起来好像很伤心。6. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：l

23、ook, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, sta保持) kept 等。 连系动词除 be 禾廿become等少数词可接 名词作表语外，一般都是接 形容词。女口： They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired.7. 倒装句：由 so+助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词+ 主语意为： 也是一样She js a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。彳She went to school just now. S

24、o did I .她刚才去学校了，我也是She_has finished the work. So have I .她已经完成了工作，我也完成了。She _will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。8. 曾经做某事：Do you ever getto school late?Yes, I do. No, I don . tHave you ever gotto school late?Yes, I have No, I haven . t9. be strict with sb.对某人严厉女口： Mother is strict with her son.

25、妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。10. keep sb/ sth. +形容词使某人/某物保持 女口： We should keep our city clean我们应该保持我们的城市干净。11. bothand+动词复数形式女口：Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.12. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么)女口： Jim learnt English from his English teacher.吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语13. j have an opportunity to do sth.有机会做某事have a chance o

26、f doing sth 有机会做某事女口： I have an opport unity to go to Beiji ng.I have a chance of going to Beijing.14. 花费 take ,cost, spend , paysth.take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book.sth.cost (sb.)The book cost (me) 100yua n.sb.spend on sthShe spe nt 10days on this book.sb.spend doing

27、sth.She spe nt 10days read ing this book.sb.pay for sth.She paid 10yuan_for this book.15. have + 时间段 +off放假，休息 女口： have 2 days off16. reply to 答复某人 女口： She replayed to MrGreen.17. agree with sth.同意某事女口： I agree with that idea.agree to sb 同意某人的意见女口： I agree to LiLei.18. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍如: Her

28、social life got in the way of her studies.她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。19. think about 与 think of 的区别J当两者译为：认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用I ofte n thi nk about/ of that day.我经常想起那天。think about还有 考虑”之意，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用At last, he thought of a good idea.最后他想出了一个好主意。We are thi nking about goi ng Qin zhou.我们正在考虑去钦州。20. 对热衷，对兴趣b

29、e serious about doing如:She is serious about dancing她对跳舞热衷。be serious about sth如:She is serious about him.她对他感兴趣。21. practice doing 练习做某事She often practice speaking English.22. care about sb.关心某人 女口： Mother often care about her son.23. - also 也 用于句中I am also a student.我也是一个学生either也 用于否定句且用于句末 I am n

30、ot a student either我也不是一个 学生。too 也 用于肯定句且用于句末 I am a student too.我也是一 个学生。Unit 41. pretend to do sth.假装做某事I pretended to sleep just now.pretend + 从句 假装 I pretended that I fell asleep.2. be late for 迟至卩 女口： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.3. what if +从句 如果怎么办，要是 又怎么样女口： What if she doesn t c

31、orie是她不来怎么办？What if LiLei kno ws? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？4. add sth.to sth添加到如: I added some sugar to water.我把糖添加到水 里。L5X ask sb. to do叫做某事ask sb. not to do sth叫 不要做某事:tell sb. to do告诉做某事tell sb. not to do sth.告诉不要做某事女口： Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.6. star

32、t doing=start to do 开始做某事女口： He started speaking/ to speak他开始说话。7. borrow sth .from sb.从某人那里借来某物女如: I borrowed a book from Lily.我从莉莉那里借来一本书。8. introduce sb. to sb 把某人介绍给某人女如: I introduced Lily to Anna.我把莉莉介绍给安娜。9. invite sb. to do邀请某人做某事女口： Lily invited me to go to her home for supper.莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。10

33、. get along with sb.与相处女口： Do you get along well with your friends?你和你的朋友相处得好吗？11. would rather do sth. than do sth.表示愿做某事而不愿做某事女口： I would rather walk _than run.12. let sb. down让某人失望 女口： Don t let youmother down不要让你的妈妈失望。13. come up with sth提出 女口 He： came up with a good idea他提出了一个好主catch up with sb

34、. 追上 赶上 女口： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了 安娜。14. have experience doing在 做某事有经验女口： I have experie nee teachi ng Chi nese我在教英语方面有经验。15. 宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。由连接词+主语+谓语构成常由下面的一些词引导：由that引导表示陈述意义that可省略He says (that) he is at home.他说他在家里。由if, whether引导表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等)I don t kndM whether Wei Hua l

35、ikes fish.我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。由 连接代词、连接副词(疑问词)引导 表示特殊疑问意义Do you know what he wants to buy?你知道他想要买什么吗？从句时态要与主句一致当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态He says (that ) heJs at home.他 说他在家里。I don t knov(that) she is singing now.我不知道她正在唱歌。She wants to know if I have finished my homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Do you know whe n he wi

36、ll be back?你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）He said (that) he was at home.他说他在家里。I didn t knothat she was singing now.我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework.她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he would be back?你知道他将会什么时候回来？Unit 5 Unit 8仁prefer v.更喜爱，更喜欢，相当

37、于like better其过去式、过去分词为preferred,常用于以下结构：(1) prefe叶名词、代词 I preferred music. Which do you prefer?(2) prefe叶动词不定式 宁愿干” She prefers to live among the workingpeople.(3) prefer+v-i ngI prefer livi ng abroad.(4) prefe叶动词不定式复合结构：常见的搭配有： prefer to 喜欢而不喜欢(to为介词)She prefers applesto banan as. prefer doing to d

38、oing (to 为介词)He prefers running to walking. prefer to do rather tha n do宁愿干而不愿干They prefer to play games rather tha n watch TV.%2. not only but (also)不但 而且 用来连接两个并列的成分(1) 引导以 not only but (also)开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best.我不仅能做到而且做得最好。

39、 Not only but (also) 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则 女口： Not only Lily butso) you like cat.不仅 莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。常见的就近原则的结构有：Neithernor即不也不(两者都不)Eitheror不是就是(两者中的一个)Not only b(aiso)There beUnit 91被动语态：它是由“was/were动语 过去分词”构成的。”2. be used for意思是 被用来做什么”强调用途或作用.3. be used as：意思是 被作为什么来用”强调被当作工具或手段来用.4. be used

40、by意思是 被谁使用”强调使用者.5. 名词+现在分词/过去分词”构成一个合成形容词，在句中作定语和表语。6插入语：当一个词、短语或从句用在句里，而与句子的其他成分没有语法上的关系时，它就是句子的独立成分。插入语就是这种独立成分之一。插入语一 般对一句话做一些附加的解释，放在句末时，通常在前面加逗号，放在句中时， 有时在前后加逗号，有时不加任何标点符号。7. according to+名词 意思是按照、依照 所说，随着的不同而不同8. according as +从句，意思是根据而，按照而探9.prefer to do sth.更喜欢去做某事”Prefer意思是更喜欢，常可与like bett

41、er ,instead of进行替换，它所组成的常见句式有：Prefer A to B比起B来更喜欢 A ,prefer doing A to doing B比起干“B这件事来，更喜欢干 A这件事”， perfer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不原做B. ”Unit101. “ take+名词”结构来表示一次性动作。2. happen to sb某人发生某事，指偶然地或碰巧发生，强调意外.3. take place意思也是发生，指经过安排或计划要发生的事情，强调必然性.4. by the time意思是 到时为止，到时”，注重时间的截止。at the time表

42、示 在时”,注重时间的开始。5. give one a ride=hitch a ride with sb意思是 让某人搭便车”6. forget to do sth意思是忘记做某事”，指要做的事情忘记做”.7. forget doing sth意思是 忘记做了某事”，指 做了某事而把它忘记了 ”.8. as.as.像你一样”，常用来表示比较、倍数或程度，在这个结构中，前一个as是副词，后一个 as是连词，它的否定形式是 not so.as.或not as.as.9. have to是 不得不”的意思，指由于受条件限制或他人制约做某事，有被动的含义，无主观愿望；must是 必须，一定”的意思，

43、有主观愿望和感情色彩.10.try sb.for a job 试用某人；try ones best to do竭尽所能做某事;try sb. forsth.因某事而审问某人Unit111. get some in formation about the town是 询问有关城镇的信息”的意思.2. decide to do sth意思是 决定去做某事”.3. talk to sb意思是找某人谈话”4. aIfe +形容词+动词不定式短语”是英语中的一个常用句式，句中的真正主语 是动词不定式，it是形式主语。5.in front of意思是 在的前面”指在某个范围之外.6.in the fro

44、nt of意思是 在的前部”指在某个范围之内.7.have trouble doing sth表示 做某事有困难”.8.in trouble/get into trouble/get o trouble 表示 遇到困难，遇到麻烦”【重点语法】1被动语态I 被动语态的构成形式be+Vt.p.p.(一)语态是英语动词的一种形式，是用于表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语语态分为主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice两种。主动语态是表示主语是动作的执行者。如：1) Yesterday I parked my car outside the school.被动

45、语态是表示主语是动作的承受者。2)A sound of pia no is heard in the hall.(二)被动语态的基本时态变化在被动语态的句子中，谓语部分的结构是be+Vtp.p.(及物动词过去分词)。其中 be是变量，随时态的变化而变化；动词的过去分词是常量，永远不发生变化。当然，这只是指谓语部分而言。be动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词(being)和过去分词(been)。那么，下面我们来看看 be在各种时态中的变化形 n 一般来说，在我们日常生活中，能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。 只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态：式：被动语态通常为八种时态的被动形式以do

46、为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为:1)am/is/are+done过去分词)一般现在时2)has/have bee n done现在完成时3)am/is/are being done 现在进行时4)was/were done般过去时5)had bee n done过去完成时6)was/were being done 过去进行时7)shall/will be do ne 般将来时8)should/would be do ne 过去将来时英语里被动语态的使用似乎比汉语要广泛。英语的被动语态常用在下列的场合：1）当我们不知道动作的执行者的时候，女口： 1.Look!There mothing here

47、.Everythi ng has bee n take n away.2. My car has bee n moved!2）当我们不必提出动作的执行者的时候，如：I was born in 1960.3）当我们强调或侧重动作的承受者的时候，如：She is liked by everybody.皿特殊的被动结构1）带情态动词的被动结构：它的固定句式为情态动词+be+过去分词”也有个别带to的情态动词例外，如：ought to和have to,它们的被动结构就只能在不 定式中。例如：The debt must be paid off before next mo nth那笔债务必须在下个 月前

48、付清。2）带有两个宾语的主动语态变成被动语态将这种主动态的句子完成被动态的句子，可选两个宾语中的任何一个作为被动 态句子的主语，而将另一个宾语作为保留宾语”写入被动态的句中。但有一点要说明，那就是，如果你选直接宾语作 主语”有时要在被动态句子的 保留宾 语”前加上合格的介词。因为这些动词常有两种句式，即：我们可以说givesb.sth.,send sb.sth.,buy sb.s；们也可以说 give sth to sb,send sth to sb buy sth for sb。请看下面两种情况的对照：She sent me a no vel on my birthday.I was sen

49、t a no vel on my birthday.A no vel was sent to me on my birthday.3）关于带有复合宾语的主动态变成被动态如果将带有复合宾语（既：宾语+宾语补足语）的主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子，我们只能选择原来句子的宾语作被动语态句子的主语；而这时，原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动语态句子的主语补足语”了。The story made us laugh.宾语补足语）We were made to laugh by the story主语补足语）4）在使役动词 have, make, get以及感官动词 see, watch， notice,

50、hear，feel， observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。Some one saw a stra nger walk into the buildi ng.A stranger was seen to walk into the building.有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如动词+介词” 动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能 省略。例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday.6）非谓语动词的被动语态。v+ing形式及不定式to do

51、也有被动语态（一般时态和完成时态）。例,1 don t like being laughed at in the public.There are two more trees to be pla nted.2.动词不定式（1）做定语一后置The best wayto learn English is reading aloud.The fastest wayto travel is by pla ne（2）与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I n eed a pen to writewith I don t have a partner to practice EngWth.I n eed some

52、 paper to writeon I don t have a room to live 3.动名词(1) 作主语(谓语为第三人称单数)Memorizing the words of pop songs also helps a little记流行歌曲的词也起作用。Swimming is good for our health.(2) 作宾语在动词(keeppracticefinish enjoyhatebe busymind后只用一ing 作宾语Eg. We should keep speakingE nglish in class.He ofte n practices singingi

53、 n the mor ning.I have finished reading thebook.Would you mind openingthe door?(3) 作定语 I think that doing a lot of listeningpractice is one of the secrets4. used to过去常常做某事，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态.后跟动词原形.否定形式为：didn Use to或use not to / usedn to疑问形式为：Diduseto?或 Usedto?Eg. I used to be really quiet.I didn t tosfeke tests.Did you use to play the piano? Yes, I did./ N