SAT-og-5阅读真题解析

1、SAT test 51 For a long time, most doctors maintained that taking massive doses of vitamins was relatively harmless; now, however, some are warning that excessive dosages can be _(A) healthy adj.健康的(B) expensive adj.昂贵的(C) wasteful adj.浪费的(D) toxic adj.有毒的(E) inane adj.愚套的解析：D,在很长的一段时间里，大多数医生认为用大量的维他

2、命是无害的;不过现在有 些人警告过量食用会一一。这里however表示转折与前而的harmless是相反的意思。2 In Jamaica Kincaids novel Lucy, the west Indian heroine _ heremployers world, critically examining its assumptions and values(A) idealizes v.理想化(B) avoids v.避开(C) beautifies v.美化(D) scrutinizes v.仔细检查(E) excludes v.排除，解析：E,在牙买加金彩的小说露西，这个西印度群岛

3、英雄一一她的雇主的世界，精细的审 视他的猜测和价值。这个句子中前后两句意思是一致的，没有转折词，所以空格所需的东西 与examining是同义词，所以3. The frequent name changes that the country has undergone _ thepolitical turbulence that has attended its recent history.(A) argue against v. 真钞，辩论(B) contrast with v.对比，差异(C) testify to v.证明(D) jeopardize v.危及(E) sustain v

4、.支撑解析：c,这个国家经历了频繁的国名变更一-这个国家的近点史上的政治动乱。从句意 可以看后句和前句是因果关系，前而证明了后而。4. Brachiopods, clamlike bivalves of prehistoric times, were one of the most forms of life on the Earth: more than 30,000 species have been_ from fossil records(A) plentiful adj. 丰富的.subtracted v. 减去(B) ornate adj.华丽的.retrieved v.重新取回(

5、C) multifarious adj多方而的.catalogued v.登记分类(D) scarce adj.缺乏的，罕见的.extracted v.萃取的(E) anachronistic adj.时代错误的.extrapolated v.推算，推断解析：C,腕足类就像远古时代的双壳蚌一样，是地球上一生物形式的一种：30000多 种已经从化石记录上一-。从后而的species可以看出与前而的空格是同义词，多样性的种 类。后而可以看出从化石记录中登记了。5 Some interactive computer games are so elaborately contrived and req

6、uire such _ strategies that only the most _ player can master them.(A) byzantine adj.错综复杂的.adroit adj.熟练的，机敏的(B) nefarious adj.极坏的，恶毒的.conscientious adj.认真的,妙奋的(C) devious adj.迂回的,狡猾的.lackadaisical adj.无精打采的(D) onerous adj.困难的,繁重.slipshod adj.穿着不整齐的,潦草的(E) predictable adj.可预言的.compulsive adj.强制的，强迫的

7、解析：A, 一些电脑互动的游戏设计的如此精致巧妙需要-策略只有那些最一玩家能 够驾驭他们。这里前面空格与elaborately是同义词，所以A。Questions 6-7 are based on the following passage.The critic Edmund Wilson was not a self-consciouslettet writer or one who tried to sustain studied mannerisms.Nor did he resort to artifice or entangle himself incircumlocutions.

8、The young, middle-aged, and old Wilson5 speaks directly through his letters, which are informal for the most part and which undisguisedly reflect his changing moods. On occasion-in response, perhaps, to the misery of a friend or a public outrage or a personal challenge-he can become eloquent, even p

9、assionate, but that is not his 10 prevailing tone.文章大意：文章主要讲评论家埃徳蒙威尔逊在写信的风格上不拘一格，直言不讳，他的一生 都是这样的风格不扭捏拘谨，应对各种挑战时候也能从容不会能言善辩。长难词：mannerisms特殊习惯，矫揉造作，artifice欺骗entangle是 纠缠，混乱circumlocution委婉的说法eloquent雄辩的，有口才的， outrage愤怒undisguisedly公开的，不伪装的。6.Based on the information in the passage, Wilson，s letters

10、can best be described as(A) cynical 冷嘲的(B) spontaneous自发的无意识的(C) critical 批判的(D) preachy爱唠叨的(E) witty诙谐的，机智的解析：B,这是主旨题，考察对文章全文的耙控，文章开篇就提到埃徳蒙的写信风格是不矫 揉造作的，直言的。7. The reference 10 the vyoung, middle-aged, andold Wilson (line4) serves to suggest the(A) multifaceted nature of Wilsons literarypersona(B)

11、maturity Wilson displayed even as a youth(C) effect aging had on Wilsons temperament(D) longevity of Wilsons literary career(E) consistency of Wilsons letter-writing style解析：E,这里说从青年，中年，到老年他的写作风格都是informal和 undisguisedly, 一直都没有变过。Questions 8-9 are based on the following passage.The belief that it is

12、 harmful to the Black communityfor authors to explore the humanity of our leaders canhave troubling effects At the least, it promotes the belief that out heroes have to be perfect to be useful At worst5 it censors our full investigation of Black life If our paintings of that life are stock and cramp

13、ed, their colors draband predictable, the representations of our culture are likely to be untrue They will not capture the breadth and complexity of Black identity文章大意：文中描述对于黑人区的探索，对黑人生活的描述过于晦涩难 懂的话很可能我们展现的形式会失真，所以整篇文段是对黑人生活展现 形式的讨论。氏难词：censor监察官cmmp难懂的狭隘的drab无生气的，褐色的breadth宽度幅度8.The passage implies

14、 that Black leaders have sometimes been portrayed as being(A) overly sentimental(B) deeply complex(C) above reproach(D) without regret(E) beyond understanding解析：C,文中提到At the least, it promotes the belief that our heroes have to be perfect to be useful.暗示有时候将领导人展 现为不可挑剔的英雄。9. In context, the painting

15、s (lines 5-6) are bestunderstood as a reference to(A) realistic sculptures(B) historical biographies(C) whimsical novels(D) political cartoons(E) colorful theorems解析：B, pairing这里是对黑人领导生活的描述，那么一般就是我们所说的历史传记。Questions 10-18 a re based on the following passage.The following passage was written by a phy

16、sicist in 1986.When astronomers point their telescopes to the nearest galaxy, Andromeda, they see it as it was two million years ago. Thats about the lime Auslralopithecus was basking in the African sun. This little bit of lime travel is possible 5 because tight takes two mill ion years to make the

17、trip from there to here Too bad we couldn1 t turn things around and observe Earth from some cozy planet in AndromedaBut looking at light from distant objects isnt real time travel, the in-the-flesh participation in past and future found 10 in literature Ever since T ve been old enough 10 read scienc

18、e fiction Ive dreamed of time traveling The possibilities are staggering You could take medicine back to fourteenth century Europe and stop the spread of plague, or you could travel to the twenty-third century, where people take their 15 annual holidays in space stationsBeing a scientist myself. I k

19、now that time travel is quite unlikely according to the laws of physics For one thing, there would be a causality violation. If you could travel backward in time, you could alter a chain of events 20 with the knowledge of how they would have turned out Cause would no longer always precede effect For

20、 example, you could prevent your parents from ever meeting Contemplating the consequences of that will give you a headache. and science fiction writers for decades have 25 delighted in the paradoxes that can arise from traveling through time.Physicists are, of course horrified at the thought of caus

21、ality violation. Differential equations for the way things should behave under a given set of forces and 30 initial conditions would no longer be valid since what happens in one instant would not necessarily determine what happens in the next Physicists do rely on a deterministic universe in which t

22、o operate and time travel would almost certainly put them and most other scientists35 permanently out of workStil1. I dream of time trave1. There is something very personal about lime When the first mechanical clocks were invented marking off time in crisp regular intervals, it must have surprised p

23、eople 10 discover that time 40 flowed outside their own mental and physiological processes.Body time flows at its own variable rate, oblivious to the most precise clocks in the laboratory In fact, the human body contains its own exquisite timepieces, all with their separate rhythms There are the alp

24、ha waves in the 45 brain; another clock is the heart And all the while tick the mysterious, ruthless clocks that regulate agingRecently, I found my great-grandfathers favorite pipe Papa Joe, as he was called, died more than seventy years ago, long before I was born. There are few surviving photo- 50

25、 graphs or other memorabilia of Papa Joe Butl do have his pipe, which had been tucked away in a drawer somewhere for years and was in good condition when I found il. I ran a pipe cleaner through it, filled it with some tobacco I had on hand and settled down to read and smoke After a cou- 55 pic of m

26、inutes the most wonderful and foreign blend of smells began wafting from the pipe All the different occasions when Papa Joe had lit his pipe, all the different places he had been that I will never know-all had been locked up in that pipe and now poured out into the room. I was 60 vaguely aware that

27、something had got delightfully twisted in time for a moment, skipped upward on the page There is a kind of time travel 10 be had, if you dont insist on howit happens.文章大意：文中主要通过描写现下最流行的穿越小说，穿越时空，很多科幻小说都选取穿越 题材，过度到作者物理学上的时间，人类心理对于时间的概念，人的生物钟。长难词：basking晒太阳staggering蹒跚的paradox悖论equation方程式crisp脆的新 鲜的t

28、imepiece钟等汁时器alpha希腊第一个字母，开端ruthless无情的残忍的 memorabilia大事记waft含糊的vaguely飘荡吹拂10 The author mentions Australopithecus in line 3in order to(A) note an evolutionary progression in the physical world(B) dramatize how different Earth was two millionyears ago(C) commend the superior work of astronomers inis

29、olating a moment early in time(D) establish a link between the length of time thatAfrica has been inhabited and the discovery ofthe Andromeda galaxy(E) emphasize the relatively long period of humanlife compared to the age of the universe解析：B,文中提到they see it as it was two m订lion years ago.Thats about

30、 the lime Auslralopithecus was basking in the African sun. ”好像两百万年前南方古猿在非洲享受日光浴的时代，这里戏剧化 的想掉了地球两百万年前与现在的不同。11. The statement in lines 6 7 (Too bad Andromeda) suggests tha t(A) scientists would like to observe events thatoccurred on Earth in the distant past(B) there may be planets in Andromeda that

31、arereachable through space travel(C) the study of Andromeda would offer interesting comparisons to planet Earth(D) a planet in Andromeda will be a likelyobservation point for Earth in the future(E) Andromeda is much older than Earth解析：E,这里指的是想从一些想仙女座这样比较舒适的星球来观察地 球，这里说的是仙女座要比地球12. The author mention

32、s plague (line 13)and space stations(line 15) primarily to(A) give an example of the themes of novels aboutlime travel(B) suggest contrasting views of the future(C) scoff at the scientific consequences of time travel(D) give examples of the subjects that scientists are interested in(E) suggest why t

33、ime travel is such a fascinating topic解析：A,这里句“瘟疫”和“太空站”的意思就是针对穿越小说给大 家举例。13. The author introduces the third paragraph with thewords “Beinga scientist in order toA) explain an in tense personal interest in the topic(B) lend an air of authority to the discussion of timetravel(C) suggest why certain

34、forms of literature are soappealing(D) provoke those who defend science fiction(E) help illustrate the term causality violation解析：B,在这里作者前面提到的是穿越时间接着作者说这与物理学是不符合的，表明自己是科学家这里更有权威性。14. In discussing causality violations (lines 16 35), theauthor addresses concerns about all of the following EXCEPTCA) a

35、nticipatory knowledge of events(B) the belief in a deterministic universe(C) the mechanics of space travel(D) cause-and-effeet relationships(E) differential equations based on known forces解析：c,作者在这里提到因果关系时ABED这四个选项文中都有提到, 但是C时空穿越的机械性是没有提到的。15. Which of the following, if true, would undermine the val

36、idity of the authors assumption about the impact of mechanical clocks (“When the first the laboratory) in lines 37 一 42 ?(A) People were oblivious to time on a physical levelbefore clocks were in vented(B) People have always perceived time as composedof discrete uniform intervals(C) Concern about ti

37、me was unnecessary until clockswere invented(D) Mental and physiological processes are verypredictable(E) Body lime does not move at a constant rate解析：B,下面哪一个成立会削弱机械钟的影响力这一假设，那么如果 人们总是能够非常准确一致的感知时间机械钟也就不那么重要了，所以 直接排除法选择B。16. The author mentions the brain and the heart(lines 44一45) inorder to(A) demo

38、nstrate the rhythmical qualities of timepieces(B) explain the historical significance of mechanical clocks(C) emphasize how the two organs interact to regulateinternal rhythms(D) illustrate the bodys different internal clocks(E) demystify the precision of organic processes解析：D,这里就是解释人体不同器官所反射的一种生物钟。

39、17. The author uses the word :ruthless (line 46) tosuggest that(A) people are bewildered by the prospect of aging(B) the human body has mysterious capacities(C) some people age more rapidly than others do(D) peoples sense of time changes as they age(E) the process of aging is relentless解析：E,这里我们可以找到

40、文中的位置，大脑是一个生物钟，心脏是 另一个，他们每天都在滴滴答答的无情的推着我们变老，所以选择E。18. The author mentions that something skipped upward on the page (lines 60-61) to suggest that(A) he reread a portion of the page(B) his vision was affected by the smoke(C) he traveled back in time in his imagination(D) his reading reminded him of P

41、apa Joe(E) he believes that reading is the best way to recreatethe past 解析：C,这里文中说“I was vaguely aware that something had got delightfully twisted in time for a moment, skipped upward on the page. Thereis a kind of time travel to be had, 这里作者接着烟 雾想象自己穿越旅行。Questions 19-24 are based on the following p

42、assage.The following passage is an excerpt from a book abouttwentieth-century development in art. The author refers here to the modern art that emerged shortly after the film of the century. Many people found this art shocking.If the new art is not accessible to everyone, which certainly seems 10 be

43、 the case, this implies that its impulses are not of a generically human kind It is an art not for people in general but for a special class who may not be5 better but who are evidently differentBefore we go further, one point must be clarified What is it that the majority of people call 3esthetic p

44、leasure?What happens in their minds when they like a work ofart: for example, a play? The answer is easy They like a10 play when they become interested in the human destinies that are represented. when the love and hatred. the joys and sorrows of the dramatic personages so move them that they partic

45、ipate in it all as though it were happening in real life. And they call a work good if it succeeds in creating the15 illusion necessary to make the imaginary personages appear like living persons In poetry the majority of people seek the passion and pain of the human being behind the poet Paintings

46、attract them if they find in them figures of men or women it would be interesting to meet20 It thus appears that to the majority of people aesthetic pleasure means a state of mind that is essentially indistinguishable from their ordinary behavior II differs merely in accidental qualities being perha

47、ps less utilitarian, more intense and free from painful consequences But the25 object toward which their attention and consequently, all their other mental activities are directed is the same as in daily life: people and passions When forced to consider artistic forms proper-for example in some surr

48、ealistic or abstract an-most people will only tolerate them if they do 30 not interfere with their perception of human forms and fates As soon as purely aesthetic elements predominate and the story of John and Susie grows elusive most people feel out of their depth and are at a loss as to what to ma

49、ke of the scene the book or the painting. A work of art 35 vanishes from sight for a beholder who seeks in that work of an nothing but the moving fate of John and Susie or Tristan and Isolde Unaccustomed to behaving in any mode except the practical one in which feelings are aroused and emotional inv

50、olvement ensues most people are unsure 40 how to respond to a work that does not invite sentimental intervention.Now this is a point that has to be made perfectly clear Neither grieving nor rejoicing at such human destinies as those presented by a work of an begins to define true 45 artistic pleasur

51、e: indeed preoccupation with the human content of the work is in principle incompatible with aesthetic enjoyment proper 文章大意：本文一直围绕的主题是大多数人称之为审美乐趣的东西到底 是什么，大部分人对于艺术上的审美情趣是在于作品中的人文因素这是 不对的，而单单是艺术元素。人类对于艺术的审视角度也是不一样。长难词：hatred 憎恨 personage 角色，名人 surrealistic elusive rejoice19. The passage is primarily

52、 concerned with the (A) Jives artists lead as opposed to the ones they imagine(B) emotional impact of a painting5 s subject matter(C) nature of the pleasure that most people find in awork of an(D) wide variety of responses that audiences have to different works of an(E) contrast between the formal e

53、lements of the new an and those of the old20 As used in line 18figures most nearly means(A) crude images(B) abstractions(C) representations(D) numbers(E) famous persons解析：C, 这里 In poetry the majority of people seekthe passion and pain of the human being behind the poet Paintings attract them if they

54、 find in them figures of men or women it would be interesting to meet. n figures这里指的是一些代表，后面说道这里一些男女是他们想要见 到的人。21. It is most likely that the story of John and Susie (line 32) refers to(A) a fictional work that the author will proceed to critique(B) a typical narrative of interpersonal relationships

55、(C) an account of an affair in the form of a mystery(D) a legendary couple that has fascinated artiststhrough the ages(E) a cryptic chronicle of renowned historicalpersonages解析：B,这里提到当约翰和苏西的故事变的难懂，大部分人理解不了 他的深度的时候很多人就会茫然了，所以作者批评的是这中典型的叙述 关系。22. The author suggests that the majority of people resist

56、modem art because they(A) consider modem artists to be elitist are too influenced by critics to view the an on itsown merits(C) are annoyed by its social message(D) find in it little of human interest to engage them(E) find it too difficult to guess at the artistT s sourceof inspiration解析：D,这里作者说道“i

57、s not for people in general. ”后面说道 大部分的人不知道怎么艺术的元素来源和组成，所以对于现代艺术是抵 触的。23. The author s attitude toward the majority of people can best be described as(A) genuinely puzzled(B) aggressively hostile(C) solemnly respectful(D) generally indifferent(E) condescendingly tolerant解析：E通篇作者对于大部分人对于艺术的理解感到很漠然，但是

58、作者 一直用很谦逊的态度为大家的想法作解释。24. The author5 s assumption in the final paragraph(lines 42-47) is that(A) aesthetic pleasure is a response to the purelyartistic elements in a work of art(B) aesthetic enjoyment of a work of art must focuson the artists intentions as much as on theartists actual accomplishmen

59、ts(C) responses 10 a work of an vary and cannot be easily defined(D) the evocation of emotional responses by atraditional work of art depends on the moralconventions of the artist，s society(E) the majority of people trying to interpret a workof art will concentrate on the artistic technique解析：A,文中最后

60、一段preoccupation with the human content of the work is in principle incompatible with aesthetic enjoyment proper. ”过分关注作品中的人文因素与艺术上的享受是不相容的，表 明对于艺术的享受实弹单纯的艺术上的艺术元素。1 Commerce on the remote island was conducted exclusively by _,exchanging goods for goods(A)credit n.赊购，信誉(B)loan n.借款(0 faith n.信任(D) pa