新译林版5a语法点整理.docx

1、五年级上册语法Unit 1 Goldilocks and the three bears 1.There be句型表示 “某处有某物 ”（1）其中 there is用于单数名词或不可数名词，如：There is a pencil case in the school bag.There is some soup/milk /tea/coffee/juice/water/chocolate.（2）There are用于可数名词的复数，如：There are some desks in the classroom.（3）There be句型的就近原则： be动词后面如果跟的是不止一种物品，就根据离

2、它最近的物品选用 is或 are.如： There are some pictures and a telephone. There is a telephone and somepictures.2.There be句型的否定形式：在be动词的后面加not（is not可以缩写为isnt， are not可以缩写为arent）把 some改成any。例： Thereisa pencil in the pencil-box（.改为否定句）There isnt a pencil in the pencil-box.There are some crayons on the desk（.改为否定句

3、）There arent any crayons on the desk.3.“some”和 “any”都有 “一些 ”的意思 .“some”一般用于肯定句， “any”用于否定句和一般疑问句。但在一些表示委婉请求，想得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，也用 “some”. 例： 1.There are some watermelons in the basket肯.(定句 )2.There arent any birds in the tree.否(定句 )3.Are there any toy trains on the table?(疑问句 )4.Would you like some tea?

4、(表委婉请求 )4.can在否定句中的用法：表示某人不能做某事时，通常在can后面加否定词not,后面加动词原形。 Bobby cannot(cant) see any cakes in the fridge.5.感叹句的结构：感叹句常用how或 what来引导（1）what引导的感叹句a.What+a/an+形容词 +可数名词单数！ What a beautiful house!b.What+形容词 +可数名词复数！ What nice dresses!c. What+形容词 +不可数名词！What delicious milk!（ 2） how引导的感叹句How+形容词 /副词！How n

5、ice! / How beautifully!Unit 2 A new student1.How many+可数名词复数 + are there.?用于询问某处有多少 .例： How many classrooms are there in our school?2.There be的一般疑问句 ,是将be动词提前到there的前面，表示 “有.?”（1） Is there.?Yes, there is ./ No, there isnt.例： Is there a music room ?（2）Are there any.?Yes, there are./ No, there arent.例

6、： Are there any books?3.几个缩写 isnt= is nottheyre= they arearen t= are notit s = it is4.序数词one - first two - secondthree- thirdfour-fourth five-fifthsix-sixth5.在楼层前用介词 on ,on the first /second/ third floor在一 /二/三楼 .Unit 3 Our animal friendshave / has的用法1、表示某人有某物。2、主语是第一、第二人称单数和复数时用have,如I ， you, we, t

7、hey, the students主语是第三人称单数时用 has,如 he, she, it, Helen, the bird, my father 3、肯定句： have / has1We have a PE lesson on Monday morning./It has a long tail.否定句：dont/ doesnt +havewWw .x Kb 1.co MThey don t have animal friends./She doesn t have a dog.一般疑问句：Do / DoeshaveYes,do / does.No,dont/ dont.Do you ha

8、ve a football?Yes, I do./No, I don t.Does he have a toy car?Yes, he does./No, he doesnUnit 4 Hobbies1.询问别人喜欢干某事， Whatdo/ doeslike doing ?喜欢干某事like doing sth,doing表示喜欢经常做一件事。主语是第三人称单数时注意like后面加s.不喜欢干某事dont/ doesntlike doing sth2.动名词的变化规律：a.一般情况下在动词后面加ing.如going, reading, drawing, playingb.以不发音的字母e结尾的

9、动词，去e再加 ing.如dancing, makingc. 以“元音 +辅音 ”结尾的重读闭音节单词，先双写辅音字母再加 ing. 如 swimming, running, chatting, shopping, sitting, getting, puttingUnit5What do they do ？1.询问他人的职业1） What does +某人（ yourfather, David.）do ?He / She is a / an +职业（ farmer, teacher, doctor.）例如： What does your father do?He is a doctor你.爸

10、爸做什么的？他是一个医生。还可以这么问他人的职业：2） What is +某人？What is your father?你爸爸做什么的？3）Whatssomebodysjob?Whatsyour fathers job?你爸爸做什么的？2.询问 “你”的职业1) What s your job?你是做什么的？I am an English teacher我.是一个英语老师。2） What do you do?你是做什么的I am a worker.我是一名工人。动词在第三人称单数形式的变化规则规则例词一般情况下，直接在动词的词尾加 s. run - runs see -sees以-s, -sh

11、, -ch, -x, -o结尾的动词，一般在词尾teach-teaches加 es.wash-washes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先边y为 i,再study-studies加 es.carry-carries以元音字母加 y结尾的动词 ,直接在词尾加 s. play-plays 注意： have(三单 ) hasUnit 6My e-friendlook - lookssay -saysgo-goes fix-fixes push-pushes pass-passes try- tries fly-fliesstay-stays1. Does he / she ?一般疑问句句中没有 be动词

12、，变为一般疑问句要借助助动词do / does。助动词形态由主语的人称决定。Does he / she ?主语为第三人称单数，用does,其结构为： Does+主语 +谓语动词 (原形 )+其他？22. What subjects doeslike?特殊疑问句这个句子用来询问他人喜欢什么科目的疑问句。用于第三人称单数，在本句中用助动词does。注意回答时 like 后面要加 s.Unit 7 At weekends1.频率副词 always , usually, often , sometimes，按其频率高低排列为： always usually often sometimes。2.询问某人

13、在周末做什么的句型:What+do /does+主语 +do +at weekends?答句 : 主语 +动词原形 /动词三单形式.do / does:助动词 ,由主语的人称数而定 .主语是第三人称单数时 ,用does,主语是第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数时，用do.答句 :如果主语是第三人称单数 ,则要用动词三单形式；主语是第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数时用动词原形。Unit 8 At Christmas1、掌握副词 first, next, then, finally 的用法，它们都是表示时间的副词，用来说明事情发生的先后顺序。它们一般放在句首，有时也可以放在句末。2、 have的用法

14、1）表示 “有”的意思，如： I have a big Christmas tree我.有一棵大圣诞树。2）表示用餐： have+三餐的名称。如： They have a big dinner at Christmas他.们在圣诞节吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。3）表示 “吃；喝 ”： have+食品或饮料。如： Have some juice, please请.喝些果汁。4）表示： “进行；举行 ”： have+表示某种活动的名称。如：We sometimes have a picnic at weekends在.周末我们有时举行野餐。sentences：1.What sin the basket? T

15、here are2.Where are your parents? They are3.I would like to buy some pumpkins.4.I live inShang Hai, but he lives in Nan Jing.5.Are there any telephones on the desk?Yes, there are some telephoneson the desk.6.I like playingfootball, but he likes playing the violin.7.Can he dance?No, he can t. / Yes,

16、he can.8.I like listening to music, but I can t sing.9. They would like to buy two boxes of chocolates for their mother. 11.My friend often helps me with my English.12. What s wrong with him? He has got a fever.13. He has two cups of coffee and some juice.14. The children are showing their pictures

17、to each other now. 15.What does Helen usually do at weekends? She reads stories.16.Merry Christmas to you.17. His uncle lives in China.(对划线部分提问 )Where does his uncle live?18.He comes from England. 对(划线部分提问 )Where does he come from?19.He is a cook. (对划线部分提问 )What is he?/What s his job?/What does he do?20.Let us have a look at your nice skirt.同(义句 )Shall we