近年高考英语一轮复习构想Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero课时作业新人教版必修1

1、unit 5nelson mandelaa modern hero.阅读理解a(2017郑州第一次质量预测）years ago, my wife and i volunteered at a homeless shelter in downtown los angeles， the us, preparing meals for thousands of people。 i got to talk with one of the guys in line, albert. he said he liked my socks。 “want to see mine? he asked, lifti

2、ng his leg。 he was barefoot。 he said he had been meaning to buy a pair but he hadnt got around to it。 i felt a sinking feeling in my stomach.the next day， after work， i stopped at ross and filled up a cart with socks。 i stuffed my trunk with them. that next morning, i set my alarm for 5 a。 m。 and dr

3、ove over to santa monicas palisades park, which is a common destination for homeless people.i took one of the bags from my trunk. it was still dark out. i headed for a group of three men, standing around a tree， probably using it as a windbreaker. two were asleep under heavy blankets， and the third

4、was digging through his collection。 as i walked toward him, he watched me, perhaps questioning my motives。 “i thought you guys might need some fresh new socks,” i said， handing him a pair. he looked confused at first but took them and said, “thank you. i gave him two more pairs for his friends。i mov

5、ed on. an hour later, i had given out all the socks. most people were sleeping, and i felt like santa. i knew that when they woke up they would find a very meaningful present。that was nine years ago. every week ill hand out as many socks as i can. if im on vacation or on a business trip for more tha

6、n a week， i will bring a bag of socks with me and hand them out to the homeless on the streets in other sattes and countries.its extremely satisfying to operate “under the radar” to help make some peoples lives a little bit easier. part of me hopes to see albert out there one of these days, but even

7、 if i dont, i like to think one of the pairs will find him。【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者做慈善的故事.1what caused the author to hand out socks to the homeless?aalberts desire to get free socks.bthe approach of christmas day。chis hard work at a homeless shelter.dthe conversation between him and albert。答案与解析：d考查细节理解。根据第一

8、段作者和流浪汉albert的对话可知，作者和albert的谈话激发了作者去买袜子送给无家可归的人。2which is true about the author according to the passage？ahe believed it felt good to help the homeless.bhe went to ross to buy a pair of socks for albert.che handed out socks to the homeless as christmas gifts.dhe was often questioned about why he ga

9、ve out socks.答案与解析:a考查细节理解。根据最后一段的第一句“its extremely satisfying to operate under the radar to help make some peoples lives a little bit easier”可知,作者乐意帮助那些无家可归的人。3what could be the best title for the passage?asanta claus brings christmas giftsbkindness is rewarded with kindnedsscevery sock helps make

10、somebodys daydsocks are passed on from hand to hand答案与解析：c考查标题判断。通读全文并根据最后一段的第一句“its extremely satisfying。 a little bit easier”可推知，本文主要讲的是作者通过给无家可归的人送袜子来做慈善，以改善他人的生活的故事，故选c.make sb。s day表示“使某人非常高兴”。b(2017福建省统一考试)vacation is a time for refreshment。 in work,we are often called to think. sometimes，its

11、good to give our brains a rest。 without a break，we may not be able to perform up to our potential。 this can be a problem，not only for the employee，but for the employer as well. “the main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized,”says weaver. “if they havent had a break，then they

12、re not coming back with new energy。 they havent had a chance to step back and get perspective（客观判断力)，and come back with renewed enthusiasm。”long working hours without a break,insecurity (无保障） about ones job，and other work。related worries can lead to burnout and stress。 humans can usually adapt to pr

13、essure，but not for a limitless amount of time。 “it is a problem of relating good workers and having them loyal to the firm while theyre there，says david maume, phd，professor of sociology at the university of cincinnati。 he says burnout can also affect employees productivity,creativity，and effectiven

14、ess. in addition，high levels of stress are likely to be precursors (前兆） to depression，which can hit both the employer and employees pocketbook。 even people who manage to remain productive at work can have problems。 if theyre always at work，then theyre not with their family and friends。 if theyre wor

15、king while on vacation，for the time that theyre on the job，theyre not really present。 an unbalanced emphasis on work can strain family and social life。 when you come up for air，you may see that youre alone，or that your relationships have gone on without you。 【解题导语】员工的休假是必需的。休假可以使员工恢复体力和脑力，从而提高工作效率；如

16、果没有休假,员工会产生焦虑、担心、心不在焉等不良情绪。4。 the underlined word“therein the fourth paragraph probably refers to _. a. the vacationb. the companyc. the university d。 the home答案与解析：b考查指代判断。根据第四段第一句中的“it is a problem of relating good workers and having them loyal to the firm while theyre可知，当员工在公司工作时，使优秀的员工忠诚于公司便成了问题

17、;据此可以判断，句中的“there”指代“firm,b项意为“公司，和“firm”为同义词，故b项正确。a项意为“假期”，c项意为“大学”，d项意为“家”，都与语境不符。5. whats the main benefit of vacation?a. the worker can come back with new energy. b。 the worker can step back and get more excited. c。 the manager can be more creative. d。 the worker can adapt to pressure much bett

18、er。 答案与解析：a考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“the main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized”可知，休完假后员工会充满活力,故a项正确.6。 when a worker is always at work,he is likely to get more and more _。a. energetic b。 absent.mindedc. skillful d. active答案与解析：b考查细节理解.根据第三段的第一句“long working hours without a break

19、，insecurity （无保障） about ones job，and other work.related worries can lead to burnout and stress”可知，长时间工作，没有休息,会使得员工精疲力尽、压力过大；据此可以判断，如果员工长时间工作而没有休息,他可能会心不在焉，故b项正确。a项意为“精力充沛的，c项意为“熟练的,d项意为“活跃的”,都与语境不符。7. which of the following is the best title of the text?a。 why the workers need vacationb。 how to spen

20、d the vacation effectivelyc. how to deal with the daily pressured. why the workers need new energy答案与解析：a考查标题判断.通读全文可知，本文的主题段是第一段；根据该段的第一句“vacation is a time for refreshment”和第四句“without a break，we may not be able to perform up to our potential”可知，本文主要介绍员工需要休假的原因，故a项最适合作本文标题.b项在文中未提及；c项与文意无关；d项仅为文章细

21、节之一。.完形填空(2017云南昆明模拟考试)not everyone around is easy to get on well with in your life. ive always tried to keep my _1_ from people who are rude, aggressive and mean。 but sometimes we cant _2_ having contact with people who might not have our best interests at heart。last summer, i became involved with

22、a（n） _3_ co。worker who was at a bad spot in his life. i had a lot of _4_ for him and decided to help him _5_ this tough time, so i tried my best to _6_ his rudeness when he lost his temper. however, just like a swimmer drowning in a pool， he grabbed on and ended up drowning me when i _7_ and tried t

23、o rescue him。 his rudeness gradually was out of _8_. one night, when i got up to get a glass of water， he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom. i did as i was told but i was not happy about it。 he _9_ my change in mood and asked what was wrong。 but when i told him his behavior toward me

24、 was _10_ and that i was very hurt by the way he had _11_ me, he was surprised. he could not understand his actions had a bad _12_ on me。 he told me he didnt have anything _13_ me and that there was no need for me to _14_ it. i used examples from his life of things that had hurt him and then tried t

25、o make the _15_ that the same things also made me _16_. i said，“i always treat you with patience， understanding and kindness, but you havent treated me with _17_ respect。 he was silent after listening to my words. what i had said might _18_ him。people only change _19_ they want to change. i didnt kn

26、ow whether he would change his opinion or not in the future, but i would continue to _20_ him through my patience， understanding and kindness.【解题导语】本文通过作者与同事的故事告诉我们：尽管不是所有的人都容易相处，但是遇到了，我们还是应尽力用自己的善良、耐心和理解去帮助他们。1a。 difference b. pressurec. absence d. distance解析：根据下文的“people who are rude， aggressive a

27、nd mean可推知，对于品性不太好的人，作者自然是与他们保持距离。difference“差异；pressure“压力”；absence“缺席”；distance“距离”。答案：d2a。 risk b. escapec. avoid d. appreciate解析：根据语境“but”的转折可推知，有时候我们不可避免地会遇到一些不关心我们的幸福成功的人。risk“冒险做”；escape“逃离”；avoid“避免”；appreciate“欣赏，感激”。答案:c3a. bad。tempered b. kind。heartedc. easy。going d。 co.operative解析:根据下文的“

28、his rudeness when he lost his temper”可推知，这个同事脾气不好。答案：a4a. advice b. sympathyc. permission d. selection解析:根据语境“and decided to help him”可推知，作者很同情同事的艰难处境，决定施以援手。advice“建议；sympathy“同情”；permission“允许”；selection“选择”.答案：b5a. get across b。 look afterc. make out d. pull through解析：根据语境“and decided to help him

29、 _5_ this tough time可推知，作者决定帮助同事渡过难关。get across“被理解”;look after“照顾”；make out“理解，辨认出”；pull through“渡过难关。答案：d6a。 resist b。 toleratec。 criticize d。 explain解析：根据语境“so i tried my best to”和“when he lost his temper”可推知，作者强忍对方的无礼行为.resist“对抗”;tolerate“容忍”；criticize“批评”；explain“解释”。答案：b7a。 reached out b。 car

30、ried outc。 gave out d. turned out解析：根据语境“tried to rescue him可推知，作者伸手去救对方。reach out“伸手”；carry out“执行；give out“分发,发出”；turn out“证明是”。答案：a8a. practice b. actionc。 control d. danger解析：根据下文的“one night, when i got up to get a glass of water, he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom可推知，作者同事的无礼(行

31、为）逐渐失控了.practice“练习;action“行动”；control“控制”；danger“危险”.be out of control“失去控制”。答案：c9a. forgave b。 noticedc。 ignored d. understood解析:根据语境“and asked what was wrong”可推知，同事注意到作者的情绪变化。notice“注意到。答案：b10a。 appropriate b。 unnecessaryc. unacceptable d。 traditional解析：根据语境“that i was very hurt可推知，作者认为同事的行为让人不能接

32、受.unacceptable“不能接受的”。答案：c11a. scolded b. instructedc. treated d。 respected解析:根据上文的“when i told him his behavior toward me”可推知，同事对待作者的方式伤到了作者，下文的“but you havent treated me with _17_ respect也是提示。scold“责骂”；instruct“指导；treat“对待”；respect“尊敬”。答案：c12a。 effect b。 meaningc. content d。 view解析：此处表示他无礼的行为对作者产生

33、了不好的影响。have an effect on sb.“对某人有影响，为固定搭配。答案：a13a. for b. withc. on d. against解析:根据上文的“he could not understand his actions had a bad _12_ on me”可推知，同事并不是针对作者而发脾气的。view against“对不利”。答案：d14a. mind b. doubtcrefuse d。 praise解析：根据上文的“my change in mood”“that i was very hurt”可推知，作者对同事的无礼行为很在意。mind“介意,烦恼”。答

34、案：a15a。 summary b。 analysisc. comparison d。 expectation解析：根据语境“the same things”可推知，作者在此作了对比.summary“总结”；analysis“分析”；comparison“对比”；expectation“期望”。答案：c16a. selfish b。 unfriendlyc. puzzled d。 upset解析：根据上文的“that i was very hurt可知，作者对同事的行为感到难过。upset“难过，失望”.答案:d17a。 deserved bprovenc。 promised d。 inten

35、ded解析：作者对同事那样好，但却没有得到应得的尊重。deserved“应得的”，符合语境.答案:a18a。 annoy b. touchc。 inspire d. satisfy解析：根据上文的“he was silent after listening to my words可推知,作者的话或许触动了同事。annoy“使恼怒”；touch“触动，感动；inspire“激励；satisfy“使满意”。答案：b19a。 before b。 thoughc. so d. if解析:根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的条件关系,故选d.答案：d20a。 convince b。 regretc。 com

36、fort d. trust解析：根据上文可知，作者的同事身处困境，作者施以援手帮助他并安慰他。convince“说服,使相信”；regret“后悔；comfort“安慰”；trust“信任”。答案：c卷规范练(一）第卷第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1。5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017甘肃高三模拟）do you ever stop and think about this big， beautiful world we live in？ its home _61_ so many peopl

37、e and animals。 we all live in this amazing place, so we all have the _62_ （responsible) to take care of it， too.a long time ago， i started thinking about what i could do to help take care of the planet。 i wondered _63_ i could use my talents for good. i love creating websites and making art and desi

38、gning clothes. thats what _64_ （inspire) me， at age 8， to start an online company. i donate part of my profits to organizations _65_ (try） their best to save our environment. after i launched my business, i started getting _66_ (invite) to give presentations to young people about my company and the

39、environment. i also talk about something else that _67_ (be) meaningful.one thing ive learned is that a lot of people feel like _68_ small contribution to any cause is just a drop in the bucket and wont make a difference。 but thats not true! _69_ (actual) when it comes to saving our environment, eve

40、ry small action counts。 the _70_ （tiny） thing is better than the greatest intention。【语篇解读】保护环境，从我做起；拯救地球,从小做起.作者8岁时创立网络公司，把一部分利润捐给热衷环保的组织。最小的行动胜过最大的打算。61to考查介词。be home to意为“的栖息地”,为固定搭配。62responsibility考查词性转换。我们都住在这个令人惊叹的地方，因此人人也都有责任照顾它。根据空前的“have the”可知此处应填一个名词，responsibility意为“责任,职责”.63how考查宾语从句引导词

41、。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的从句作wondered的宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示方式，故用how引导该从句，表示“我想知道我如何能把我的才能发挥好”。64inspired考查时态.空处的前一句和后一句都用的是一般现在时，但是根据空后的时间状语“at age 8”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。65trying考查非谓语动词.我把收益的一部分捐给尽最大努力挽救我们的环境的组织.分析句子结构可知,organizations与try之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语。66invited考查非谓语动词。创业后,我开始受邀给年轻人作关于我的公司和环境的讲座。此

42、处是get done“被结构，故填过去分词。67is考查主谓一致和时态.that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语,that指代的是something else，表示单数含义,故从句谓语动词用单数形式.此外，这里表示客观的情况，故应用一般现在时。综上可知本空填is。68a考查冠词。很多人觉得对任何事业的小小贡献都是杯水车薪，不会有什么影响.这里表示泛指,且contribution是可数名词，故用a.注意：feel like后面是一个省略了引导词的从句。69actually考查词性转换。但那是错误的！事实上，谈到拯救环境，每一个小小的行为都很重要。空处作状语修饰整个句子，故要用副词。actually“

43、事实上。70tiniest考查形容词最高级。根据空前的“the和句意“最微小的事情也比最伟大的打算好”可知,空处要填最高级跟后面的“the greatest”形成对比。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修

44、改 10处，多者(从第11处起）不计分。(2017晋冀豫百校联盟质检）i am the only child in my family. while eating， my parents always leave myself the best dish。 but i dont eat out much, because i dont have some appetite all the time. one day, my friend alice asked me come to her family for dinner。 in her family， a feeling was so p

45、leasant because there had two kids in the family。 when they were eating, my friend and her sister fight for the food。 they ate a lot and laughed happy。 i joined them in fighting for the food。 i felt so happy but also ate a lot。 i got to know that the eating atmospheres could be very important.答案：i a

46、m the only child in my family。 while eating， my parents always leave the best dish。 but i dont eat much, because i dont have appetite all the time。 one day, my friend alice asked me come to her family for dinner. in her family， feeling was so pleasant because there two kids in the family。 when they were eating， my friend and her sister for the food. they ate a lot and laughed 。 i joined them in fighting for the food。 i felt so happy also ate a lot. i got to know that