跨文化交际中的中美空间观差异及应对策略毕业论文

1、跨文化交际中的中美空间观差异及应对策略摘要：非语言交际是跨文化交际的重要组成部分。非语言交际中一个非常重要的组成部分是空间观。空间观在不同文化之间呈现出巨大差异。文化背景不同，人们对空间的需求和相关的交际规则也不同，因此极易造成跨文化交际障碍。分析不同文化中的空间观念的差异及其根源，有利于了解文化差异，减少跨文化交际过程中的障碍，从而推动跨文化交际的顺利进行。 关键词：跨文化交际；空间观；差异；根源1.0 引言 人们在直接的交际活动中，非语言手段传播的信息远远超过了语言传达的信息。在实际交际中，只有35%的信息是通过语言交际完成的，而其余65%的信息都是通过非语言交际完成的（Clark et

2、al, 1975:451）。在非语言交际中，最容易引发争议的就是不同文化中对空间利用的不同。霍尔（Hall，1991）认为，空间的变化可以影响交际，起到加强交际的效果，甚至还可以超越言语的作用。但各种文化对空间的态度却大不相同。本文通过比较中美两种文化背景下人们空间观的差异，分析其根源，并提出相应的应对策略，旨在减少跨文化交际中的障碍，从而适应跨文化交际的需要。2.0 跨文化非语言交际中的空间因素 当人们提到跨文化交际，一般想到的是语言交际，即书面语和口头语，往往忽视了非语言交际，诸如眼神、手势、时间观、空间观等具有信息意义的各种综合手段。非语言交际中一个非常重要的组成部分是空间观。空间观念和

3、近体学理论是霍尔在上个世纪50年代首先提出来的。1959年，他出版了影响深远的无声的语言一书，书中以“空间会说话”（ Space speaks）为题对这一理论做了精辟的论述，首次详细论述了人类的空间关系及个人领地要求。人的空间观念是后天习得的。空间观渗透到文化的各个方面,包括传统、禁忌、环境、习惯、风俗、价值观和信仰,它构成一个十分复杂的体系, 并在不同文化之间呈现出巨大差异。文化不同，人们对空间的需求和与空间相关的交际规则不同，有关空间的使用价值观念也不同，因此也极容易导致跨文化交际中的失误。因此，我们需要充分理解不同文化的空间观，从而有效实现跨文化交际的目的。3.0 中美空间观差异的表现人

4、类学家、非语言交际研究的先驱霍尔指出，不同文化的人们有不同的处理空间关系的方法。如果他们的空间概念不同，他们就可能不知不觉地冒犯对方。此外,空间行业在很大程度上是由文化内涵决定的，因此它具有令人无法察觉的，超越个人意识控制之外的特点（张瑜，1998：140）。当不同文化的交际产生误解时,人们通常把它归因于性格因素,责备“那些外国人”，说他们粗鲁、马虎、或者霸道,而忽视了真正的原因双方处在两种不同的空间行为体系中。这正是中美两个民族在空间交际中会出现的情况。本文拟从领域性、体距和个人空间分析中美两种文化背景下的空间观念差异，从而探讨造成这种差异的原因，以减少跨文化交际的失误。3.1 领域性 霍尔

5、对空间(或领域)是这样下定义的：空间(领域)是一种生物宣称一定区域应属于自己，然后占有、使用、并保卫这一区域,以防同类及外类的入侵(Hall,1991:47)。美国人对空间领域的需求是相当大的。他们对家庭生活、工作环境和公共场所都明确划分并坚决维护自己的领地范围。霍尔教授举了一个生动的例子来说明美国人的空间要求：大多数美国妇女对她们的厨房有强烈的领域感，甚至一位母亲未经邀请或允许走进她女儿的厨房洗盘子也会惹恼她女儿。厨房决定了“谁主宰这个家”。女儿如果不能控制自己的厨房,就会永远地受制于能自由进入这个厨房的其他女人。其次，美国人在工作环境和公共场所中也要求建立自己的个人领域，来满足自己的空间需

6、求。在工作中，美国人将办公桌视为每个人神圣不可侵犯的领地，而在图书馆、车站、公园长凳上等公共场所也非常重视临时的“个人领域”。而中国人却有着截然相反的空间观。稠密的人口使得中国人对空间的需求远低于美国人。中国传统上以 “四世同堂”为荣，家庭成员之间并不像美国家庭维护各自“领域”的程度强烈。而在工作和公共场所中，中国人也习惯了同他人公用空间，例如在十分拥挤的公交车上，中国人也能表现出理解和容忍。3.2个人空间和体距所谓个人空间是指一个人与另外的人之间保持的空间和距离。它是无形的，却是实际存在的。霍尔根据人际间亲昵和疏远程度划将空间距离分为四种：亲密距离、个人距离、社交距离和公共（场合）距离（肖莉

7、艳，2013:306）。美国人认为公共场合不宜保持亲密距离。英语国家的人在一起时，如果有外人走进18英寸的范围，即使是在大庭广众之中，也一定会被看成是一种侵扰。例如，美国人在拥挤的场合下不得不和他人靠的很近时，往往保持十分紧张的姿势，将双手紧贴身体，眼睛看着电梯的顶部，或者看着别的地方，避免和周围人的视线有所接触。所以来华旅游的美国人在售票处和车站看到人山人海的景象往往感到无所适从。然而中国人的个人距离和社交距离很近，和美国人差异较大。美国人认为的合适的体距在中国人看来是冷漠疏远的表现。而中国人认为公共场合是绝对公开的。因此，中国人对于任何新奇事务都乐于挤上去围观。在团团围坐的餐桌旁，在围观的

8、下棋的人群中，人们不但不觉的不自在，反而觉得亲切热闹。4.0中美空间观差异的根源影响中美空间观差异的因素有很多。但其中最主要的是价值体系的文化差异。价值体系对研究跨文化交际起着非常重要的作用。正是中美两国价值观的不同，人们才表现出了不同的交际规则。几千年来，中华民族在思想上深受儒家学说的影响。儒家强调个人对集体的义务，主张人与人之间的相互依赖,这样才能达到社会的有序与和谐，这就造就了以集体主义价值观主导的社会。于是，在中国社会中，人们集体的统一和认同,提倡相互的支持和对集体的责任。集体主义价值观和人际关系对一个中国人是至关重要的。在中国人眼里，追求私利是可耻的,无私、礼让是光荣的。而美国人则将

9、追求幸福视为每个人不可剥夺的天赋人权。美国社会推崇个人通过努力进取获得成就和社会地位。他们认为社会只是达到个人目的的手段,主张只要不触犯法律和社会道德规范,个人可以自由追求个人利益，不受任何他人的干涉。因此美国是一个以个人主义为主导的社会。由此可见，中美不同的价值观决定了不论是物质空间还是心理空间，美国人都比中国人要求多。5.0 结语 随着中美两国人民交流的日益频繁，人们也越来越多的关注双方空间观的差异。如果不重视这些差异，就会导致跨文化交际的失误。通过了解中美文化中空间观的差异，在进行跨文化交际中，我们要极力克服狭隘的文化偏见，学会转换视角，从对方的角度看待和处理问题。例如，在同英美人人士打

10、交道时，要学习对方的文化习俗，尊重对方隐私权。只有这样才能获得对方的尊重和认可，从而推动跨文化交际目的的实现。参考文献：1 爱德华特霍尔.无声的语言 M. 刘建荣,译.上海：上海人民出版社,1991.2 毕继万.跨文化非语言交际 M. 北京：北京教学与研究出版社，1999. 3 贾玉新.跨文化交际学 M. 上海：上海外语教育出版社，2000.4 肖莉艳.跨文化交际中的中美空间观差异 J. 华章，2013，（8）：303-306.5 安旭红.论跨文化非语言交际中的空间因素 J . 铜仁师范高等专科学校学（综合版），2003，（1）：27-31.6 张瑜.中国人和美国人的空间观J. 江苏教育学院学

11、报（社会科学版），1998，(3)：140-142. 篇一：英语名言警句学习(带中文翻译)英语名言警句a bad conscience is a snake in ones heart.做贼心虚。a bad workman quarrels with his tools.拙匠常怨工具差。a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。a bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk.闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。a blind man who leans against a wall

12、 imagines that its the boundary of the world.坐井观天。absence sharpens love, presence strengthens it.相聚爱益切，离别情更深。a burnt child dreads the fire.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。accidents will happen.天有不测风云。a clean hand wants no washing.身正不怕影子斜。a clear conscience is a soft pillow.问心无愧，高枕无忧。a clear conscience is a sure card.光明

13、磊落，胜券在握。a clear conscience laughs at false accusations.白日不做亏心事，夜半敲门心不惊。a clear fast is better than a dirty breakfast.宁为清贫，不为浊富。a close mouth catches no flies.病从口入，祸从口出。a cock is valiant on his own dunghill.夜郎自大。同仇敌忾。a contented mind is perpetual feast.知足常乐。actions speak louder than words.事实胜於雄辩。admo

14、nish your friends in private, praise them in public.在私底下要忠告你的朋友，在公开场合又表扬你的朋友。a fair face may hide a foul heart.人不可貌相。a faithful friend is hard to find.益友难得。a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。否极泰来。after black clouds, clear weather.否极泰来。after death, the doctor.放马后炮。a good appetite is a go

15、od sauce.饥不择食。a good example is the best sermon.身教胜似言教。好的相貌就是一封推荐的介绍信。a good fame is better than a good face.好的名望胜於好的相貌。a good friend is my nearest relation.良友如近亲。a good marksman may miss.智者千虑，必有一失。a good maxim is never out of season.至理名言不会过时。a good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口，忠言逆耳。a good winter bri

16、ngs a good summer.瑞雪兆丰年。a happy heart makes a blooming visage.心花怒放，笑逐颜开。a hero is known in the time of misfortune.时势造英雄。a lazy youth, a lousy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。ale will make a cat speak.酒后吐真言。a little is better than none.聊胜於无。a little leak will sink a great ship.千丈之堤溃於蚁穴。a little neglect may breed gre

17、at mischief.小不忍则乱大谋。a little spark kindles a great fire.星星之火，可以燎原。a little wind kindles, much puts out the fire.适可而止，过犹不及。all covet, all lose.贪多必失。all is fair in war.兵不厌诈。all is not gold that glitters.闪光的东西并不都是黄金。all roads lead to rome.条条道路通罗马。all shall be well, jack shall have jill.有情人终成眷属。all the

18、treasures of the earth would not bring back one lost moment.机会失去不再来，千贯万贯难赎回。all things are easy that are done willingly.做事乐意，诸事容易。all things are obedient to money.有钱能使鬼推磨。a maiden with many wooers often chooses the worst.少女有了许多求婚者往往选中了最差的一个。a man apt to promise is apt to forget.轻诺者易忘。a man can not s

19、pin and reel at the same time.一心不能二用。a man cannot whistle and drink at he same time.一心不能二用。a man has two ears and one mouth that he may hear much and speak little.人有两只耳朵一张嘴，就是为了多听少说话。路遥知马力，日久见人心。a man may dig his grave with his teeth.祸从口出。a man may lead a horse to the water, but he cannot make him d

20、rink.牵马到河易，强马饮水难。a man may love his house well without riding on the ridge.有宝何必人前夸。a match will set fire to a large building.星星之火，可以燎原。ambition never dies until there is no way out.不到黄河心不死a miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里。among the blind the one-eyed man is king.山中无老虎，猴子称霸王。a near friend is bett

21、er than a far-dwelling kinsman.远亲不如近邻。an enemys mouth seldom speaks well.狗嘴里吐不出象牙。祸不单行。a new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。an hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之计在於晨。an old physician, and a young lawyer.医生年老的好，律师年轻的俏。an optimist sees an opportunity in every calamity; a pessimist sees a

22、calamity in every opportunity. 乐观的人在灾难中看到希望；悲观的人在希望中看到灾难。an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.预防胜於治疗。answer a fool according to his folly.以其人之道，还治其人之身。a penny saved is a penny earned.省钱就是赚钱。apparel makes the man.马靠鞍装，人靠衣装。appearances are deceitful.人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。a road of a thousand miles b

23、egins with one step.千里之行始於足下。a rolling stone gathers no moss.滚石不生苔，转业不聚财。as a man sows, so he shall reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。a secret between more than two is no secret.两人以上知道的秘密就不算秘密。a servant is known by his masters absence.主人不在可以看出仆人的品行来。a silent tongue and true heart are the most admirable things on earth

24、.缄默的嘴，真诚的心，是世界上最令人赞美的东西。a single spark can start a prairie fire.星星之火，可以燎原。a smart coat is a good letter of introduction.人要衣装，佛要金装。a smooth sea never made a skillful mariner.平静的海洋练不出熟练的水手。a sow, when washed; returns to the muck.江山易改，本性难移。as the old cock crows, so doth the young.有其父必有其子。as the touchst

25、one tries gold, so gold tries man.试金石可以试金，正如黄金可以试人。as the tree falls, so shall it lie.自作自受。as they sow, so let them reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。a still tongue makes a wise head.智者寡言。a stitch in time saves nine.小洞不补，大洞吃苦。a straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影子斜。a straw shows which way the wind blow

26、s.一叶便知秋。a stumble may prevent a fall.小惩大诫。as you make your bed so you must lie on it.自食其果。as you sow you shall mow.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。a tall tree catches the wind.树大招风。a tree is known by its fruit.观其行而知其人。a true friend is known in the day of adversity.疾风知劲草，患难知友情。avarice blinds our eyes.财迷心窍。avarice increase

27、s with wealth.越富越贪。a wanderer who is determined to reach his destination does not fear the rain. 决心赶到目的地，浪汉何惧雨来淋。a watched pot is long in boiling.心急水不沸。a wilful man will have his way.有志者是竟成。a word spoken is an arrow let fly.一言既出，驷马难追。a word spoken is past recalling.一言既出，驷马难追。bad workmen often blame

28、their tools.拙匠常怪工具差。beauty is but skin-deep.红颜易变。beauty is in the eye of the gazer.情人眼里出西施。beauty lies in lovers eyes.情人眼里出西施。bees that have honey in their mouths have stings in their tails.口蜜腹剑。before gold, even kings take off their hats.有钱能使鬼推磨。beggars cannot be choosers.饥不择食。beggars must be no ch

29、oosers.饥不择食。塞翁失马，焉知非福。be honest rather clever.诚实比聪明更要紧。being on sea, sail; being on land, settle.随遇而安。be just to all, but trust not all.要公正对待所有的人，但不要轻信所有的人。believe not all that you see nor half what you hear.眼见的不能全信，耳闻的也不能半信。be slow to promise and quick to perform.不轻诺，诺必果。be swift to hear, slow to s

30、peak.多听少说。better an empty purse than an empty head.宁可钱袋瘪，不要脑袋空。better an open enemy than a false friend.明枪易躲，暗箭难防。better good neighbours near than relations far away. 远亲不如近邻。between the cup and the lip a morsel may slip.功亏一篑。between two stools one falls to the ground.脚踏两头要落空。beware beginnings.慎始为上。b

31、ig mouthfuls ofter choke.贪多嚼不烂。bind the sack before it be full.做事应适可而止。birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚，人以群分。birth is much, but breeding is more.出身固然重要，教养更且重要。bite off more than one can chew.贪多咽不下。bite the hand that feeds one.恩将仇报。bitter pills may have wholesome effects.良药苦口利於病。blind men can j

32、udge no colours.不宜问道於盲。blood is thicker than water.血浓於水。bread is the staff of life.民以食为天。brevity is the soul of wit.言以简洁为贵。bring up a raven and hell pick out your eyes.养虎贻患。burn not your house to rid it of the mouse.投鼠忌器。burnt child dreads the fire.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。business before pleasure.事业在先，享乐在后。busi

33、ness is business.公事公办。by doing we learn.经一事，长一智。by falling we learn to go safely.吃一堑，长一智。by others faults, wise men correct their own.他山之石，可以攻玉。by reading we eich the mind; by conversation we polish it. 读书可以使我门的思想充实，谈话使其更臻完美。篇二：英语名言名句(带翻译)1. the first step is as good ashalf over. 第一步是最关键的一步。2. you n

34、ever know your luck. 命运好坏不由己。3. the wealth of the mind is theonly wealth. 精神的财富是唯一的财富。4. you cant judge a tree by itsbark. 人不可貌相。5. bad times make a good man. 艰难困苦出能人。6. there is no royal road tolearning. 求知无坦途。7. doubt is the key to knowledge.怀疑是知识的钥匙。 8. wasting time is robbing oneself.浪费时间就是掠夺自己。

35、9. the best hearts are always thebravest. 心灵最高尚的人，也总是最勇敢的人。10. good is good, but bettercarries it. 精益求精，善益求善。11. honesty is the best policy. 诚实为上策12. conceit is the quicksand ofsuccess. 自负是成功的流沙。 13. he that makes a good war makesa good peace. 正义的战争创造持久的和平。14. it is easy to be wise after theevent. 事

36、后诸葛亮容易当。 15. he that makes a thing too fine,breaks it. 做事过于苛求，反把事情弄坏。16. the world is his who enjoys it.活着感到快乐，世界就属于你。 17. laugh and grow fat. 心宽体胖。 18. he is rich that has few wants.寡欲者富。19. truth and roses have thornsabout them.真理和玫瑰，身旁都有刺。 20. all things are difficult beforethey are easy.万事开头难。 2

37、1. where there is life, there ishope.留得青山在,不怕没柴少。 22. keep conscience clear,thennever fear.问心无愧，永无畏惧。 23. when youre good to others,youare best to yourself.善待他人，即是最善待自己。 24. nothing so popular as goodness.最受欢迎的是善行。25. the sun never repents of theand daugher美德和幸福犹如母女。27. tall mankind are beholden toh

38、im that is kind to the good.行善者，人人铭记之。28. its the easiest thing in theworld for a man to deceive himself.自欺是世上最易之事。 29. an old man in a house is a goodsign.家中有老是一个好迹象。 30. how few there are who havecourage enough to own their faults.or resolution enough to mend them!承认并改正错误，需要有足够的勇气和决心。31. if you do

39、 what you shouldnot,you must hear what you would not.若做了不应做之事，则必然会听见不愿听之语。32. initiative is doing the rightthing without being told.主动性就是在没有人告诉时做正确的事情。33. think twice before acting.三思而后行。34. the water that bears the boat isthe same that swallows it up.水能载舟,亦能覆舟。35. all roads lead to rome.行行出状元。36. t

40、he early bird catches the worm.捷足先登。37. whatever you go, go with allyour heart.无论做什么事,一定要全力以赴。38. never put off until tomorrowwhat may be done today.没有尝试,就没有成功。39. hope for the best,prepare forthe worst.好处着想,坏处准备。 40. great hope makes great man.伟大的思想造就伟大的人。41. when in rome, do as the romansdo.入乡随俗。4

41、2. knowledge is a measure, butpractise is the key to it.知识是珍宝,而实践是获取它的钥匙。 43. lost time is never found again.光阴一去不复返。44. difficulties strengthen themind, as labour does the body.劳动强体,磨难强智。塞翁失马,焉知非福。46. all for one, one for all.我为人人,人人为我。47. treat other people as you hopethey will treat you.己所不欲,勿施于人

42、。48. he laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后,谁笑得最美。49. follow your own course, and letpeople talk.走自己的路,让别人说去吧。50. confidence is a plant of slowgrowth.信任是一种生长缓慢的植物。 51. if you trust before you try, youmay repent before you die.不经考验就依赖，不到瞑目便的悔。 52. adversity successfullymerit and lost without fault.无功得名

43、是常事，无过失名也是常事。54. never trust another what youshould do yourself.自己该做的事，决不要委托给旁人做。55. it is an equal failing to trusteverybody, and to trust nobody.信任一切与不信任任何人，同样是弱点。56. eat a peck of salt with a manbefore you trust him.在你信任一个人之前，先要深入了解他。 57. never trust to fine words.切勿轻信漂亮话。58. trust not a great we

44、ight to aslender thread.细线挂重物，终究不可靠。 59. be just to all,but trust not all.要对一切人都公正，但不要对一切人都信任。60. he that knows nothing,doubtsnothing.无知即无疑。 61. though malice may darkentruth,it cannot put it out.恶意可以糟塌真理；但无法消灭真理。62. a lie begets a lie till they63. trust thyself only,and anothershall not betray thee

45、.只要信任你自己，旁人才不出卖你。 64. self-trust is the essence ofheroism.自信为英雄品质之本。 65. truth is the daughter of time.真理是时间的女儿。66. he that doth what he shouldnot,shall feel what he would not.若做了不应该做的事，则将产生自己所不希望有的感觉。67. truth may be blamed,but shallnever be shamed.真理可能会被责难，但绝不会受羞辱。68. he that will lie will steal.会

46、说谎的人也就会偷窃。69. truth will prevail.真理必胜。 70. truths best ornament isnakedness.不加掩饰乃是真理的最好装饰。71. facts are stubborn things.事实是最顽强的东西。72. a good name keeps its luster inthe dark.良好的名声在黑暗中也能闪闪发光。73. fame is a magnifying glass.名誉是放大镜。74. a good fame is better than ato light.真相迟早会大白。 76. the truths we leas

47、t like to hearare those which it is most to our advantage to know.我们最不愿意听到的事实，往往是我们知道了会大有好处的事实。77. falsehood like a nettle stingsthose who meddle with it.谎言似荨麻，玩弄会刺手。78. there is many a fair thing fullfalse.有许多说得好听的东西充满了谬误。 79. though a lie be well drest,it is流言常和谎话并行。篇三：英语名言警句学习(带中文翻译)英语名言警句光明磊落，胜券

48、在握。a clear conscience laughs at false accusations.白日不做亏心事，夜半敲门心不惊。a clear fast is better than a dirty breakfast.宁为清贫，不为浊富。a close mouth catches no flies.病从口入，祸从口出。a cock is valiant on his own dunghill.夜郎自大。同仇敌忾。a contented mind is perpetual feast.知足常乐。actions speak louder than words.事实胜於雄辩。admonish

49、your friends in private, praise them in public.在私底下要忠告你的朋友，在公开场合又表扬你的朋友。a fair face may hide a foul heart.人不可貌相。a faithful friend is hard to find.益友难得。a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。否极泰来。after black clouds, clear weather.否极泰来。after death, the doctor.a bad conscience is a snake in on

50、es heart.做贼心虚。a bad workman quarrels with his tools.拙匠常怨工具差。a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。a bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk.闻其歌知其鸟，听其言知其人。a blind man who leans against a wall imagines that its the boundary of the world.坐井观天。absence sharpens love, presence st

51、rengthens it.相聚爱益切，离别情更深。a burnt child dreads the fire.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。accidents will happen.天有不测风云。a clean hand wants no washing.身正不怕影子斜。a clear conscience is a soft pillow.问心无愧，高枕无忧。a clear conscience is a sure card.放马后炮。a good appetite is a good sauce.饥不择食。a good example is the best sermon.身教胜似言教。好的相

52、貌就是一封推荐的介绍信。a good fame is better than a good face.好的名望胜於好的相貌。a good friend is my nearest relation.良友如近亲。a good marksman may miss.智者千虑，必有一失。a good maxim is never out of season.至理名言不会过时。a good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口，忠言逆耳。a good winter brings a good summer.瑞雪兆丰年。a happy heart makes a blooming vis

53、age.心花怒放，笑逐颜开。a hero is known in the time of misfortune.时势造英雄。a lazy youth, a lousy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。ale will make a cat speak.酒后吐真言。a little is better than none.聊胜於无。a little leak will sink a great ship.千丈之堤溃於蚁穴。a little neglect may breed great mischief.小不忍则乱大谋。a little spark kindles a great fire.星星

54、之火，可以燎原。a little wind kindles, much puts out the fire.适可而止，过犹不及。all covet, all lose.贪多必失。all is fair in war.兵不厌诈。all is not gold that glitters.闪光的东西并不都是黄金。all roads lead to rome.条条道路通罗马。all shall be well, jack shall have jill.有情人终成眷属。all the treasures of the earth would not bring back one lost momen

55、t. 机会失去不再来，千贯万贯难赎回。all things are easy that are done willingly.做事乐意，诸事容易。all things are obedient to money.有钱能使鬼推磨。a maiden with many wooers often chooses the worst.少女有了许多求婚者往往选中了最差的一个。a man apt to promise is apt to forget.轻诺者易忘。a man can not spin and reel at the same time.一心不能二用。a man cannot whistle

56、 and drink at he same time.一心不能二用。a man has two ears and one mouth that he may hear much and speak little. 人有两只耳朵一张嘴，就是为了多听少说话。路遥知马力，日久见人心。a man may dig his grave with his teeth.祸从口出。a man may lead a horse to the water, but he cannot make him drink. 牵马到河易，强马饮水难。a man may love his house well without riding on the ridge.有宝何必人前夸。a mat