四字词语的翻译

1、四字词组翻译 四字词组是汉语的一大特色及优势 ,它结构严 谨,言简意赅,音节优美,富有感情色彩,因此受 到广大人们的喜爱。 汉语拥有纷繁的“四字格”词组。它涵意深刻 结构型短小，生命力旺盛，表现力强。 四字格有两大类：一类是 汉语成语，因袭定型，词序固定，不能随意拆散或组合；另一类是 普通词语，结构松散，可以根据一定的语境灵活组合。 四字格的英译汉 ?我们所讲的“四字格”词组，是广义的概念，包括成语和非成语。从内容上讲，“四字格”词组言简意赅；从形式上讲，它整齐均称；从语音上讲，它顺口悦耳。如“振笔疾书”、“满脸堆笑”、“洗劫一空”。 ?“四字格”在译文中如果运用得当，不但使译文大为增色，而且

2、能发挥“锦上添花”的作用。 ?Honest advice is unpleasant to the ear. ?忠言逆耳 ?To distinguish right from wrong. ?明辨是非 ?Its easy to know mens faces, but not their hearts. ?知人知面不知心 ?The golden rule ?金科玉律 ?To go through fire and water. ?赴汤蹈火 ? To have one foot in the grave. ?风烛残年 ?To apprehend danger in every sound. ?风

3、声鹤泪草木皆兵 ?Remember the past and it will guide your future. ?前事不忘后事之师 ?The outsider sees the best of the game. ?旁观者清 ?To have a bad time. ?时运不济 ?All roads lead to Rome. ?殊途同归 ?To share ones joys and sorrows. ?同甘共苦 ?More brave than wise. ?有勇无谋 ? If you wish to be the best man, you must be prepared to s

4、uffer the bitterest of the bitter. ?吃得苦中苦方为人上人 ?To be at the end of ones patience. ?忍无可忍 ? A flying visit. ?走马看花 ?To nip a thing in the bud. ?防患于未然 ?Worse off than some, better off than many ?比上不足，比下有余 ?to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 四字格汉译英四字格汉译英 四字词语两部分的语法关系可以是 主谓、动宾、偏正或并列。

5、因此，四字 词组可以分为主谓词组、动宾词组、 偏正词组或并列词组。 四字词语的翻译 四字格的翻译策略：四字格的翻译策略： A. 直译直译：概念意义与文化意义完全相同的这类成语能够直译。 例如1、处理人民内部的矛盾，必须坚持和风细雨的方法，坚持“团结-批评-团结”的方法。 It is essential to persist in using methods as mild as a drizzle and as gentle as a breeze, and to adhere to the formula of “unity -criticism-unity”, in dealing wit

6、h contradictions among the people. 四字词语的翻译 例2、这女子如“槁木死灰”一般，对其他事物一概不问 The lady was no better off than withered wood or cold ashes, taking no interest in the outside world 四字词语的翻译 画饼充饥 Draw cakes to allay hunger. 剖腹藏珠 Cut open your stomach to hide a pearl 外强中干 Outwardly strong but inwardly weak 礼尚往来 C

7、ourtesy requires reciprocity 刻骨铭心 To be engraved on ones heart and bones 引狼入室 To lead a wolf into the house 四字词语的汉译英 百川归海 All rivers flow to the sea. 口蜜腹剑 To be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 声东击西 To shout in the east and strike in the west 重见天日 To see the daylight again 四字词语的汉译英 空中楼阁 castle in th

8、e air 轻如鸿毛 as light as a feather 趁热打铁 strike while the iron is hot 易如反掌 as easy as turning over ones hand 四字词语的汉译英 B 意译：意译：汉语中一些常用的比喻形象在英语中并不常用。采用意译的方法，舍弃原文中的比喻形象，只译出其本质的含义或做出解释。 例如：我要是有个三长两短，你就找警察！ If anything happens to me, go to the police right away! 四字词语的汉译英 眉飞色舞 His eyebrows are flying and his

9、 countenance is dancing. To beam with joy 粗枝大叶 With big branches and broad leaves To be careless 四字词语的汉译英 无孔不入 To get into every hole To take advantage of every weakness 扬眉吐气 To raise the eyebrow and let out a breath To feel proud and elated 纸醉金迷 With drunken paper and bewitched gold (a life of )lux

10、ury and dissipation 四字词语的汉译英 开门见山To open the door and see the mountain To come straight to the point 单枪匹马 With a solitary spear and a single horse To be single-handed in doing sth. 大张旗鼓To make a great array of flags and drums On a large and spectacular scale 风雨飘摇 The wind and rain are rocking (of a

11、situation) being unstable 四字词语的翻译 自由词组 例1：在那里，古树摇曳春秋，山花自谢自开，植被茸茸生烟。 Aged trees wave the seasons by, amid carpets of wild flowers and thick green vegetation. 四字词语的翻译 例2：花园里面是人间的乐园，有的是吃不完的大米白面，穿不完的绫罗绸缎，花不完的金银财宝。 The garden was a paradise on earth, with more food and clothes than one can consume and mo

12、re money than one can spend. 四字词语的翻译 例3：他决心洗心革面，脱胎换骨。 ?He is determined to turn over a new leaf. 例4：这些问题盘根错节，三言两语说不清楚。?These problems are too complicated to be explained clearly in a few words. 四字词语的汉译英 C 节译：节译：汉语成语很多是由对偶形式组成的，用两个不同的喻体表达相同的喻意。这种四字结构前后两个词语的语意是一样的，如果前后两个词语都翻译就构成语意重复了。对此类汉语四字格通常可采用节译法，

13、即省去并列重复的部分，保留它的基本喻意。 四字词语的汉译英 例如： ?广袤无垠的中华大地 ?the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory ?高瞻远瞩的决策 ?a visionary/far-sighted decision ?招商引资 ? attract investment ?誉满全球，举世闻名 ?world-renowned 天长地久 eternal like skies 自给自足 self-sufficient 根深蒂固 deep-rooted 筋疲力尽 exhausted 随波逐流 to swim with the stream ?层峦叠

14、嶂 ?peaks rising one after another ?优胜劣汰 ?survival of the fittest ?延年益寿 ?prolong ones life ?灵丹妙药 ? panacea / miraculous cure ?长治久安 ? a long period of stability 四字词语的汉译英 急功近利 eager for instant success and quick profits 德高望重 of high ability and integrity 互利互补 mutually complementary and beneficial 遵纪守法

15、observe the relevant code of conduct and the law 四字词语的汉译英 例1、冷淡的阳光照着他们的愁眉苦脸。 The cold, pale sunlight fell on their gloomy faces. 四字词语的汉译英 例2、最可恶的是行里的同仁背后骂我是个老糊涂，瞎了眼，叫一个不学无术的人来做我的助理。 What is most detestable is that all my colleagues in the bank call me a blind old fool behind my back because I have e

16、ngaged an uneducated man as my assistant. 四字词语的汉译英 例3、忽闻有人在牡丹亭里，长吁短叹。 Suddenly he heard a rustle in the peony pavilion and someone sighing deeply. 四字词语的汉译英 D直译加注直译加注 汉语典故多出于中国的历史、寓言、神话传说，具有中国独特的文化色彩。虽然现代汉语中运用典故，只是取其寓意，但是翻译时，我们一般采用直译加注既使译文保留原文习语的生动形象，又使读者充分理解原文，了解中国文化。 四字词语的汉译英 木已成舟： the wood is alre

17、ady made into a boat - whats done is done. 伯乐相马： as capable as Bo Le - who was said to be very capable of discovering best horses -in discovering talents. 四字词语的汉译英 直译兼意译：直译兼意译：这种方法是指一部分直译，一部分意译，直译可以保留原文的比喻形象，意译则能清楚地传递原文的含义，既兼顾形象，又关注内容。例如： 她单身一人，无亲无故 The girl was all by herself, without a single rela

18、tive or friend to help her. 四字词语的汉译英 E.借用译法：汉英成语含义相同,形象一致时可借用英语习语。 ?例1、如今便赶着躲了，料也躲不及，少不得要使个“金蝉脱壳”的法子 ?Well, its too late to hide now. I must try to avoid suspicion by throwing them off the scent 四字词语的汉译英 ?例2、只有大胆地破釜沉舟地跟他们拼，也许还有翻身的那一天！ ?All you can do is to burn your boats and fight them in the hope

19、that one day youll come out on top. ?例3、我没想到他对同志们的批评竟充耳不闻。 ?I didnt expect him to turn a deaf ear to the comrades criticism. 课堂练习课堂练习 1.我的事现在搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。 2.我厂的地毯图案新颖，色调雅致，美丽大方，富丽堂皇。 3.我们要培养出适应社会主义现代化建设需要的一代“四有新人”（有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律）。 4.大会在相互尊重、互相理解、友好合作的气氛中 通过了北京宣言。 5.安居工程指中国政府提出的旨在改善城市低收入居民居住条件的系统工程。 . 课堂练习课堂练习 1、我的事现在搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。 There had been too much publicity about my case. 2、我厂的地毯图案新颖，色调雅致，美丽大方，富丽堂皇。