初中副词知识点

1、副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一类词。它可以表达时间、地点、方式。 程度、频率、疑问等概念。 副词的分类 1时间副词 常见的表示时间或其他时间关系的副词或词组有： (1) now, then, yesterday, last night, today, tomorrow, tonight, before ,just now, later( on) , so far 等。 (2) already, yet, early, since, at on ce, at first, at last, fin ally 等。 2地点副词 (1) 表示地点的副词，常见的有：here, ther

2、e, home, abroad, upstairs, downstairs, any-where, everywhere, somewhere 等 o (2) 表示位置关系的副词，常见的有： above, below, down, up, out, in, across, back, along, over, round, around, away, near, off, on, in side, outside past 等。 有些副词同时也是介词，即有宾语时就是介词否则就是副词。 come in, please.请进。(in 为畐U词) They live in the next room

3、. 他们住在隔壁。(in为介词) 3方式副词 一般都是回答怎样地这类问题，其中大部分都由形容词加-ly构成。如：bravely, carefully, politely,angrily, suddenly, happily, slowly 等 o 也有少数副词与形容词同形。如:fast, high等。 还有少数词属于特殊变形，如；good-well等。 4程度副词 这类副词(词组)多数用于修饰形容词、副词、动词介词短语。 如: much, a little, a bit, very. so,too, eno ugh, quite, rather, terribly, deeply, n ear

4、ly, almost, hardly,not at all 等。 Her pronunciation is very good.她的发音很好。 She sin gs quite well.她唱歌很好 5疑问副词 用于引起一个特殊疑问句；用于引起一个主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句；引起一个定语从 句。 How are you gett ing along with your studies? 你的功课如何？ This is where their city now lies. 这就是他们的城市现今所在的地方。 That is the reason why you dont an swer it a

5、lo ne this time. 那就是你这次单单不回答它的原因。 6频度副词 常见的表示频度的副词有：always , usually ,often , sometimes, seldom, hardly, never 等o 7焦点副词 通过强调使之成为人们注意的焦点的副词(词 组)，常见的有： only, even, alone , just, especially, mainly, as well, too 等 o 8连接副词 起连接作用的副词，有的相当于并列连词，常见有 besides, therefore, however, thus等，还 有引导名词性从句或不定式的when, wh

6、ere, why , how 等。 I feel a bit tired. However, I can hold on. 我有点累了，但我能坚持下去。 They talked about it for hours. Fin ally, they decided to go 。 他们对此商量了好几个小时，最后他们决定去。 I have n ever bee n to Wales. I, therefore, dont know much about it. 我从未去过威尔斯，因此我对它知道的不多。 The weather was cold. Therefore(Thus), we stayed

7、 home. 天气寒冷，因此我们待在家里。 2. 连接副词通常位于子句的句首，有时也可位于句中。 (1) They talked about it for hours. Fin ally, they decided to go 。 他们对此商量了好几个小时，最后他们决定去。 fin ally作为连接副词，放在句子的句首。 (2) I have n ever bee n to Wales. Therefore, Id ont know much about it. 我从未去过威尔士因此我对它知道的不多。 therefore作为连接副词，位于句子的句中。 3. 有些连接副词的含义彼此相同或相近，在

8、使用时可以互相替换,而不会改变原句的含义。 The weather was cold. Therefore (Thus), we stayed home. 天气寒冷，因此我们待在家里。 therefore和thus的含义相近，因而也可以互相替换。 9. 关系副词 用于引导定语从句，如:when，where ，why等。 10. 其他副词 还有一类副词对整个句子进行说明，如：luckily fin ally等。 Luckily, he was nt badly hurt.幸运的尉也没受重伤 Finally ， he got back home.他最终回到了家。 Sudde nly, she he

9、ard some one crying help. 突然她听到有人喊”救命。 副词的功能 1. 作状语 (1) 修饰动词 They are warmly welcomed by the stude nts. 他们受到学生们的热烈欢迎。 (2) 修饰形容词 You are quite right. 你非常正确。 (3) 修饰其他副词 Dont ride too fast.别骑得太快。 Neither Tom nor Susa n can swim very well. 汤姆和苏珊都不太会游泳。 (4) 修饰介词短语 Where is the broom? 扫帚在哪儿？ Just beh ind

10、the door. -就在门后。 (5) 修饰从句 This is exactly what he said.这正是他所说的。 2. 作定语 有少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所 修饰词的后面。 The comrades here are all very kind to me. 这儿的同志对我都非常和善。 3. 作表语 作表语的副词多数是表示位置的，如in, out, on ,back, dow n, up, off, away, upstairs He is in.他在家。 When will you be back?你将何时回来？ Come in 4. 作宾语补足语 I saw y

11、ou out with my sister last Saturday. 上周六我看见你和我姐姐一起出去了。 副词的位置 副词一形容词、副词时，一般位于被一词的前面。 Computers work much faster tha n before. 计算机工作的速度比原来快多了。 重点难点enough的位里 enough作到词时，总是里于被修飾的形容词或副词之后。 She told me it was brand new and I was stupid eno ugh to believe her. Would you be good eno ugh to take my bag upsta

12、irs for me?你能否好心帮忙把我的包拿到楼 上? 2. 时间副词的位置 可以放于句首，也可放于句尾，有时还可以放于动词前面。 Tomorrow many people will be on the beach. 明天很多人会到海滨去。 Iwill be back soon.我很快就回来。 I have nt heard from Jane recen tly. 我最近没收到简的来信。 Occasi on ally, unu sual creatures are washed to the shore, but they are rarely caught out at sea. 寻常的

13、生物偶尔会被冲到岸上来，然而在海上很少能捕捉到它们。 Smoking is likely to damage your health permanently. On receiving his letter,I immediately wrote back. 一收到他的来信，我就立即回复了。 3. 地点副词的位置 一般置于句末，往往紧跟在动词（+宾语）后，偶尔也可放于句首，尤其是here和there。 I used to work here.我过去曾在这里工作。 The little boy rushed dow nstairs. 小男孩冲下楼来。 We should ofte n walk

14、outdoors for fresh air. 我们应当经常到外面走走，呼吸新鲜空气。 Here you can find whatever kind of books you want. 在这里你可以找到各种你想要的书。 4. 方式副词的位置 主要放在动词（+宾语）的后面；在表示特别强调时，偶尔也可放在实义动词的前面，第一 个助动词的后面。 I usually drive very carefully. 我通常开车十分小心。 They warmly welcomed us at the door. 他们在门口热情地欢迎了我们。 Emily coughed miserably. She had

15、 been ill for a long The spokesma n publicly declared that he did nt know any thi ng about the matter beforeha nd.这位发言人公开宣布他事先毫不知情。 5. 程度副词的位置 修饰形容词和副词时，应放在形容词和副词前面；修饰动词时，常常放于第一个助动词后， 实义动词之前。 Are there any mistakes in this letter? I typed it verycarefully. 这封信里面有错误吗？我当时打得很仔细。 You are such a likeable

16、 pers on. I greatly enjoywork ing with you. 你如此可爱。我很喜欢和你一起工作。 Different people have differe nt backgro unds and habits.Every one behaves somewhat differe ntly. 不同的人有 不同的背景和习惯。每个人的行为举止都有点不同。 6. 频度副词的位置 在句中的位置比较灵活，可以置于句首、句中，可以置于句末，还可以置于第一个助动词后。 They sometimes stay up all ni ght. 他们有时彻夜不眠。 She does nt

17、often go home.她不经常回家。 Always, they go to work on foot. 他们总是步行上班。 Pearl con sta ntly cha nges her mind. 拍尔总是不停地改变主意。 The buses run less freque ntly on Sun days. 星期天公交车运行得较少。 He teleph oned repeatedly, begg ing his wife to retur n. 他不停地打电话，请求妻子回来。 Usually we go to France in August. 我们通常在八月份到法国去。 7. 连接

18、副词的位置 (1) 如果连接的是两个独立的句子，连接副词的第一个字母要大写，前面是句点. The typho on damaged the power lin es. Con seque ntly,the whole city was blacked out last ni ght.台 风破坏了电力线。因此，昨天晚上整个城市一片黑暗。 It was freez in gly cold. Non etheless/Nevertheless/How-ever, still many people went swimmi ng.那 天非常冷，但是仍有很多人去游泳。 (2) 如果连接的是两个对等的句子

19、，连接副词首字母不大写，前面用分号”；”隔开。 The price of the house is too high; moreover, thehouse isnt in a suitable position. 房子的价格太高了，而且房子所在的位置也不太合适。 We ran out of all the petrol; furthermore, we lost ourway.我们用光了所有的汽油，而且我们迷 了路。 连接副词有时还可以放在主语和谓语之间，前后用逗号”，隔开；还可以放在句尾，前面 用逗号隔开。 I would like to go with you.My han ds, ho

20、wever, are full 我很想和你一起去，可是我忙不过来。 (4) hence ， then ， thus ， so， yet之后通常不需要逗号。 It is very late; hence you must go to bed. 时间很晚了，所以你必须上床睡觉了。 Melt the butter over high heat; the n add the egg. 先把黄油用高温融化，然后再加鸡蛋。 (5) hence ， then , thus ， yet ， so ， therefore那面可以用逗号，也可以用分号，如 果两个句子较长且复杂，常用分号。 This report

21、expla ins why product ion has slowed dow n; yet it does n ot in dicate how to improve it.这份报告解释了为什么生产减缓了，可是它没有说明 如何改善这种情况。 Sales have bee n good, yet profits are low. 销路一直很好，但是利润很低。 对等连接副词可以用and连接。 The site has a nu mber of disadva ntages, and furthermore,the ask ing price is quite high.这个地点 有些不利的条件

22、，而且要价还蛮高的。 The matter must be resolved by Tuesday, an dtherefore our prelimi nary conference must be held no laterthan Mon day.这个问题周二以前必须解决因此我们的初次会议最迟星期一必须举 行 口知识拓展一般来说到词放于助动词后面，但在下列情况下位置较灵活： 1) 需要强调到词时，可将副词置于助动词之前。 I really must ask you to move about a bit. 我真的必须请你挪动一下。 They always can find time fo

23、r amuseme nts. 他们总是能找到时间欢乐。 2) 简略答语中，副词要里于助动词的前面。 You usually get up at 7? -Yes, I always do. 8. 其他副词的位置 常置于句首，其后常有逗号与句子隔开，用于修饰整个句子。有时置于句末，其前常有逗号 与主句隔开。 Surpris in gly, they agreed to all our dema nds. 令人惊讶的是，他们答应了我们所有的要求。 The project will have bee n carried out by next mon th,hopefully. 这个工程有望在下个月开

24、工。 Unfortun ately, this was one of the dullest shows wehave ever see n.很不幸，这次演出是我们所 看过的最乏味的演出之一。 9. 多个副词的排列顺序 时间副词和地点副词同时出现时，时间副词置于地点副词之后，时间副词和地点副词可 以同时放在句末，也可以一个在句首，一个在句末，但不能同时放在句首。 We are going to travel globally very soon. 我们很快就要进行环球旅行。 I have gone no where recen tly, for I am too busy. 我最近哪里也没去，

25、因为我太忙了。 away, back, backward, forward, out , in, off, on, up 等都放在介词、形容词或其他副词之前。 At the sad n ews. Reed walked away sadly. 里德听到这个不幸的消息后伤心地走开了。 He looked back an xiously at me. 他焦虑地回头看着我。 (3 ) here, there, i n, i nside, out, outside, home通常放在其他副词之前。 Doris stood there sile ntly while Edith ran around h

26、appily.多丽丝静静地站在那里，而伊迪丝高兴 地到处跑着。 The little child went in silently without being noticed. 这个小孩子静静地走了进去，没人注意到。 副词的比较级 1平级比较 As +副词原级+as This kind of Ian guage appeared as early as the Stone Age. I enjoy music as much as tom does. 2)否定句中用as/so+副词原级+as结构 It does nt rain so/as freque ntly here as it does

27、 in ourco un try. 这里不如我们国家下雨频繁。 I can hardly play the piano so/as brilliantly as mysister.我弹钢琴不如我妹妹弹得好。 I cant type as/so fast as my brother. 我打字不如我弟弟快。 Elea nor does nt dress so/as stra ngely as the othergirls.埃莉诺的穿着没有其他女生奇特。 比较级的用法 1) 用比较级+tha n结构可以表达一方趙过另一方的情况，也可表达一方不如另一方的情况。 An tho ny is out of

28、shape. I can run faster and fartherthan he. 安东尼身体不好。我能跑得比他快 而且比他跑得远。 The cars running less smoothly tha n it used to. 这辆小汽车跑得没有过去平稳了。 2) no more( .) than.与 not more( .)than. 如果和数词连用，no more than=only ,意为”只不过，仅仅，意义倾向于少。not more than =at most，意为”至多，不超过”。 I have learned no more than a thousand Englishw

29、ords. 我仅学了一千个英文单词。 The experime nt was performed by not more tha n 5people. 做这个实验的人不趙过五个。 She could not walk more tha n a few steps withoutlos ing her breath. 她走不了几步就气喘吁吁 如果用于两者之间的比较，no +比较级+ than.意为都不，是对两者的共同否定，且重 前者。而not+比较级+than意为不及，表示前者不如后者，.隐含对两者的肯定，但侧重 Josie speaks Chinese no more fluently than herbrother.乔茵汉语说得和她弟弟一样都不流利。 I run not faster tha n anyone else in my class. 我不比班里的其他人跑得更快。 3) 比较级+and+比较级”表示某种情况变得”越来越. The fire spread further and further with the wi ndblowi ng more and more stron gly.随着风越刮越 大，大火蔓延得越来越远。