大学英语-翻译课件-重译法

1、Repetition (重译法) Strictly speaking, repetition is under amplification, namely supplying some necessary words in target language. But this amplification is different from what we discussed in Chapter IV. Here we mean to repeat the same words or phrases which are given previously in the version. Repet

2、ition is employed for the sake of clearness, for the sake of emphasis, and for the sake of vividness. 重复为了明确、强调、生动 1. 重复名词重复名词 大家都知道， 英语句中若两个动词 共用一个宾语，宾语只在第二个动词之后出现一次。 而在汉语中，这样的宾语要在每个动词后出现，定语 后的名词也如此。 重复动词后的宾语名词，如： 1). We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们要分析问题，解决问题。 2). Let us revise our safety

3、 and sanitary regulations. 我们来修改安全规则规则和卫生规则规则吧。 重复英语中作表语的名词 1). John is your friend as much as he is mine. 约翰既是你的朋友朋友，又是我的朋友朋友。 2). This has been our position but not theirs. 这一直是我们的立场立场而不是他们的立场立场。 3). He became an enterpriserall by himself. 他成为一个企业家企业家一个白手起家的企业家企业家。 重复英语中省略的名词，起到强调和明确的作用，重复英语中省略的名词

4、，起到强调和明确的作用， 更符合译语习惯更符合译语习惯 1). I have fulfilled my assigned work ahead of schedule, so has he. 我已经提前完成了交给我的工作，他也提前完成了提前完成了 交给他的工作。交给他的工作。 2). Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration. 无知是恐惧的根源根源，也是敬佩的根源根源。 3). Before liberation many people could not read or write. 解放前，许多人不会读书书，也不会写字

5、字。（增词法）（增词法） 约翰的故事故事是一篇充满呻吟和泪水的故事故事，是资本 家摧残不幸的人们的故事故事。 4). But we still have defects, and very big ones. 5). The story of John is a story of groans and tears, of poor human beings destroyed by the capitalist. 6). A large family has its difficulties. 但是我们还是有缺点缺点的， 而且还有很大的缺点缺点。 大（家庭）有大大（家庭）的难处。 2、重复动词

6、、重复动词 英语句子常用一个动词连接几个宾 语或表语，在译文中多要重复该动词。 3). What are they after? They are after name, after position, and they want to cut smart figures. 1). Is he a friend or an enemy? 他是是个朋友呢，还是是个仇人？ 2). For a good ten minutes, he cursed me and m by brothe r. 足足有十分钟之久，他既骂骂我，又骂骂我的兄弟。 多数情况下，因为原语重复，译语为了生 动或各自的惯用法，以不

7、同的方式进行重 复。这种重复多为传达原文的生动性。 这种人闹闹什么东西呢？闹闹名誉，闹闹地位，闹闹出风头。 4). But his wife kept dinning in his ears about his idleness, his carelessness, and the ruin he was bringing on his family. 可是他老婆不断地在他耳朵边唠叨个没完，说说他懒惰， 说说他粗心，并且说说他一家人都要毁在他身上。 注意，联系例3)、4）、5），英语句子中动词后有前置词时，在 第二第三次往往只用前置词而省略动词，在汉语译文中则要重复 动词。有时连前置词都省略了

8、， 但在译文中通常仍重复动词。 如例6）： 3. 重复代词重复代词 A.英语中用代词的地方，翻译时往往可按汉语英语中用代词的地方，翻译时往往可按汉语 习惯的重复其所代替的名词。习惯的重复其所代替的名词。 1). Lena opened her eyes. They were filled with tears. 2). He hated failure; he had conquered it in his own life, risen above it, despised it in others. 莉娜睁开眼眼，眼眼里充满了泪水。 他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜失败失败，超越失败失败，并且

9、藐视别人的失败失败。 B. 有时代词代替句中作主语的名词（多数情况下该名 词前均有修饰语），翻译时多不用代词而重复其作主 语的名词，以达到明确具体的目的。如 例4)、 5) 、6) 4). Happy family also had their own troubles. 5). Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines. 6). Each country has its own customs. 幸福家庭也有幸福家庭幸福家庭的苦恼。 强国有强国强国的策略，小国有小国小国的路

10、线。 各国都有各国各国的风俗。 D. 英语用someand others（some, others）连用 的句子译成汉语时主语往往是谓语重复形式的“的” 字结构， 有时也可以用“有的，有的”句式。 9). Some have entered college and others have gone to the countryside. 10). Some played soccer and others played basketball. 上大学的，上大学了，下乡的，下乡了。上大学的，上大学了，下乡的，下乡了。 或：有的有的上大学了，有的有的下乡了。 C. 再者,英语中强势关系代词或关系副

11、词whoever, whenever, wherever 等等,翻译时亦多用重复法处理,如： 7). Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized. 8). Come to my office and have a talk with me whenever you are free. 谁谁犯了纪律，谁谁就该受到批评。 你什么时候什么时候有空，就什么时候什么时候到我办公室来谈一谈。 4、重复形容词、重复形容词 英语中有一个形容词修饰若干个名词或与若干个借此 短语搭配的现象，译成汉语时应该将形容词重复译出。 1). We want s

12、uch materials as can bear high temperature and pressure. 2). Everybody appreciates polite words and manners. 译：我们需要能耐高高温、高高压的材料。 译：每个人都会赞赏礼貌的礼貌的言辞和礼貌的礼貌的举止。 3). They are loyal to the motherland and the people. 译：他们忠于忠于祖国，忠于忠于人民。 5、为了生动而重复、为了生动而重复（多在英译汉过程中，采用汉 语的叠字或四字对偶） 1). There had been too much p

13、ublicity about his love affairs. 他的风流韵事已经是满城风雨、人人皆知满城风雨、人人皆知了。 2). The boasts were flat. 祝酒辞时平平淡淡平平淡淡的。 3). The kid is always in rags as if he were an orphan. 那个孩子整天穿得破破烂烂破破烂烂，就像个孤儿似的。 1. We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 2. 我们要学会怎样分析问题，解决问题。 3. A good play serves to educate and ins

14、pire the people. 一个好的剧本是要教育人们，鼓舞人们。 4. It is our duty to rebuild and defend our home-land. 重建我们的家园，保卫我们的家园是我们的责任 5. They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting. 他们将 非常不情愿的推迟会议或取消会议 6. Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration. 7. 无知是恐惧的来源，也是钦佩的来源 6. I owned a town h

15、ouse, a summer lodge in the mountains, a winter cabin in the desert, a car and a drivers license to take myself about. 7. People forget your face first, then your name. 8. They talked of things they longed forof meat and of hot soup and of the richness of butter. 9. Grammar deals with the structure of language, English grammar with the structure of English, French grammar with the structure of French, etc. 10. When her eyes looked up, they were very large, odd, and attractive. Version 1.我应该学会如何分析问题和解决问题问题。 2.一处好戏足以教育人民和鼓舞人民人民。 3.重建家园和保卫家园家园是我们的职责。 4.他们非常不愿意推迟这个会议