仁爱版七年级下册Unit5知识点总结

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx仁爱版七年级下册Unit5知识点总结【精品文档】Unit51、 语法点-现在进行时1. 现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。2. 结构：be+动词的现在分词We are playing games.3. 现在进行时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+现在分词+其他They are running.否定句：主语+be+not+现在分词+其他They are not running.一般疑问句：be+主语+现在分词+其他？Are they running?肯定回答：yes，主语+be。Yes, they are.否定回答：no，主语+be+not.No, t

2、hey arent特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+现在分词+其他?What are they doing?They are running.人称肯定句否定句一般疑问句及其答语特殊疑问句第一人称IIm talking.Im not talking.Am I talking?Yes, you are.No, you arent.What am I doing？weWe are talking.We arent talking.Are we talking?Yes, we are.No, we arent.What are we doing？第二人称youYou are talking.You ar

3、ent talking.Are you talking?Yes, I am.No, I am not.What are you doing？youYou are talking.You arent talking.Are you talking?Yes, we are.No, we arent.What are you doing？第三人称heHe is talking.He isnt talking.Is he talking?Yes, he is.No, he isnt.What is he doing？sheShe is talking.She isnt talkingIs she ta

4、lking?Yes, she is.No, she isnt.What is she doing？itIt is talking.It isnt talking.Is it talking?Yes, it isnt.No, it isnt.What is it doing?theyThey are talking.They arent talking.Are they talking?Yes, they are.No, they arent.What are they doing?4. 动词现在分词构成:&正常变化是在动词原型后加ing 如:read-reading ; drink-drink

5、ing ; eat-eating ; &以e结尾的动词，去掉e再加ing 如:write -writing ; make- making ; ride-riding ; &重读闭音节（ 只有一个元音字母，而其后跟有一个辅音字母时）要双写结尾的辅音字母再加ingsit-sitting ; swim-swimming ; put-putting ; runrunning&以ie结尾的动词-ie+y+ing：lie - lying die - dying&以y结尾的动词变成现在分词是，y不变，直接加上-ing总结一添一去y不变5.标志词：可用来表示现在进行时的时间状语，常用的有：now, this

6、week, at this moment 等；或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间，或者用look, listen提醒听者注意正在发生的事。 e.g.: They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。 Listen! She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。 Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park. 看这幅图。那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 We are making model planes these days. 这些天我们在做飞机模型。6

7、.现在进行时的基本用法a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you.b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了） were flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了） 7.考点位移动词用进行时表将来(come,g

8、o,fly)飞来飞去，到了就离开。fly come go arrive leave开始结束，开车回来。begin star end finish drive return D.表示感觉，感情，存在，从属的动词不能用于现在进行时，如feel, love, like, want, be, have/has, know.一、写出下列动词的ing形式walk jump watch lie play sing smoke dance drive run 二、用现在进行时完成下列句子:1. _you_(fly) a kite? Yes,_.2. _you_(sit) in the boat?3. _he_

9、(talk) with me?4. We_(play) football now.5. What_you_(do)?6. I_(sing) an English song.7. What_he_(mend)?8. He_(mend) a car.9. These boys _ (play) tennis on the playground.10. My mother_ (cook) in the kitchen.三、选择1. Look. Lucy is_ a new bike today.A. jumping B. running C. riding D takeing2. The child

10、ren _ football.A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a3. They _TV in the evening. They do their homework.A. are watching B. cant watching C. dont watch D. dont watching4. Listen! She_ in the classroom.A. is singingB. sing C .to sing D. is sing5. _are you eating? Im eating _ meat.A. What,s

11、ome B. Which,any C. Where,not D. What,a6. Is she _ something?A. eat B. eating C. eatting D. eats7. I cant catch up with the fashion,because the clothes style_ all the time.A. has changed B. is changed C. is changing D. changed8.Look! The children_ basketball on the playground.A. plays B. played C. i

12、s playing D. are playing9.Jack and Ketty_ in the lake. Lets join them,shall we?A. swim B. have swum C. swamD. are swimmings six in the afternoon. The Greens_ lunch together.A. has B. are having C. have hadD. had had The keys:一、1. Are ,flying,I am 2. Are sitting,3.Is,talking 4. are plying 5. are,doin

13、g 6.am singing 7. is,mending 8. is mending 9.are plying10.is cooking2、 语言点1. The same to you. 也同样祝你 用于公共节日、假日等别人向你祝福时回应对方，相当于you,too.Merry christmas. 圣诞快乐！The same to you.Happy birthday! Thank you!2. How do you usually come to school?How用来询问交通方式。How是疑问词，以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what（什么）， wh

14、o（谁）， whose（谁的）， which（哪个）， when（何时）， where（哪里）， how（怎样）， why（为何）等。 特殊疑问句有两种语序： 如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序，结构为：疑问词（+主语）+谓语动词+其他成分？ 如： who is singing in the room（做主语） whose bike is broken（做定语） 如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其结构是：疑问词+一般疑问句语序？如：what class are you in?What does she look like?Where are you

15、 from?What time does he get up every morning? How do you know 注意：回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes / no，即问什么答什么，尤其是简略回答。括号内是完整回答所需部分。如： Who is from Canada Helen (is from Canada) Wheres the restaurant (It is)Near the station Why do you like koalas (I like koalas)Because they are cute一般疑问句与特殊疑问句的区别一般疑问句的结构是：系动词be/助动词/情

16、态动词+主语+其他成分，它是指用yes（是）或no（否）来回答的句子。如: Are you from Japan Yes I am / No Im not Is her sister doing her homework now Yes she is / No she isnt#扩展：如果将陈述句变成一般疑问句？ $1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时，如句中有be 动词（am/ is/ are）时，可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称，应将其改为第二人称。如： Im in Class 2Grade 1 Are you in Class 2Grade 1 Were watching TV Are

17、you watching TV $2.陈述句中有情态动词（can may must ）时，也可直接将它们提至主语前，即可成为一般疑问句。如： He can swim now Can he swim now The children may come with us May the children come with us $3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时，变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如： I like these animals Do you like these animals She wants to go to the mo

18、vies Does she want to go to the movies 3. I usually come to school by subway.By subway 乘地铁交通方式By短语In/on短语动词短语步行On footwalk骑自行车By bikeOn a bikeRide a bike乘公共汽车By busOn a busTake a bus乘小汽车By carIn a carDrive a car乘船By boat/ship/seaOn a boat/shipship乘地铁By subwayIn a subwayTake the subway乘火车By trainIn/o

19、n a trainTake the train乘飞机By plane/airIn/on a planefly注意：从上表可以看出，by+交通工具的名词时，by后面不能加a/an,the, ones this that 等限定词。We often come to here by plane.4. Come to school 来上学 school之前不能加a、an或the等限定词。球类，时间，节日，季节，三餐等名词前不用冠词。5. Its time for + 名词 “到。的时间了”Its time for school.Its time to do sth=its time for Its t

20、ime to have lunch. Its time for lunch.6. On weekdays 在平日，在工作日At/on weekends 在周末I work very hard on weekdays.I always get up very late on/at weekends.7. Always 总是，一直 是频度副词，英语中常用的频度副词有：always（总是，一直）, usually（通常）, often（经常）, sometimes（有时）, once, twice, seldom（很少）,never（从不）但是它们各自表示动作发生的频率有所不同。图解频度副词的百分比

21、（阴影部分表示各自的频率）(六个圆圈)They always take a bus to the zoo.We usually walk to the park.They often play basketball or soccer, go swimming and so on.Maria sometimes takes the subway home.They seldom eat out on school days.I never go to school buy subway.频度副词多放在行为动词之前，be动词、情态动词、助动词之后，若放在句首，则表示强调或修饰全句。对频度副词提问

22、通常用how often,表示每隔多久。She is seldom worried.We dont often watch TV.How often do you go to the library?扩展：行为动词是指具有完整意义，可以单独做谓语的动词，主要表示主语的动作、状态和品质。情态动词是本身有意义，但是不能单独做谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。Can,could,may might,must,have to,shall,should助动词是本身没有意义，只是帮助行为动词完成某些语法功能，如表示时态，语态，构成否定句，疑问句，简略答语等，常见的助动词有be,do

23、, have. Shall, will等。8. About 做副词时，意为“大约，大概”，做介词时，意为“关于”。A book about English.9. Know about 与know of 同义，意为“知道，熟悉，了解关于。的情况”I dont know Mr. Smith, but I know about/of him.我不认识史密斯先生，但我听说过他。10. Few, a few,little, a littleFew, a few 修饰可数名词Little, a little 修饰不可数名词Few little 表示很少，几乎没有，a few,a little 表示几个，一

24、些There is little milk in the glass.There is a little meat on the table.11. Have a rest 表示“短暂休息一下”Im too tired. I want to have a good rest.12. In ones free time=in ones spare time 在空闲时间I often play computer games in my free time.13. Go swimming 去游泳 go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去购物14. And so on 等等He lik

25、es apples, oranges, bananas and so on.15. Talk 不及物动词，后接交谈对象时常与介词to和with构成短语，后接谈话内容时常与介词about和of构成短语。They are talking about the game.Miss Chen is talking with Jane.16. Do ones homework 做作业Do you often do your homework at home?17. For a little while 一会儿After dinner, I often play computer games for a l

26、ittle while.18. Sleep 睡觉 fall asleep（入睡）, go to sleep(睡觉)和get to sleep(入睡) I cant get to sleep because i am too excited.19. at the moment 此时此刻，目前，眼下，相当于nowI am sleeping at the moment.20. borrow “主语向某人借东西” borrow sth from sb或者borrow ones sthLend 借给，表示主语把东西借给别人。Lend sth to sb lend sb sthMy teacher oft

27、en lends story books to me.My teacher ofen lends me story books.keep表示借某物多久。Keep sth for + 时间段We can keep the book for two weeks.扩展：return 意为归还，及物动词，相当于give back.但是当return意为返回，回来的时候是不及物动词，相当于come back.Return to +地点，表示回到。地方，return from + 地点，表示从。回来。He will return to America next day.21. Find和look for都

28、是找的意思，可是find强调寻找的结果，look for强调寻找的动作和过程。 I look for my pen everywhere and finally find it on the desk.22. On time准时，按时，常指火车，飞机等准点到达。In time 及时，后面可接for sth 或to do sth,强调在规定的时间之前，以不迟到为标准。These buses are never on time.The students can get here in time for class.23. Else 意为别的，其他的，放在疑问代词，疑问副词或不定代词之后。What

29、else can you do?Who else?24. Put on 穿上，带上，强调穿戴这一动作，而且不能延续，be in,wear强调穿戴的状态Please put on your coat.My sister is in a red skirt.25. Show sb around 领某人参观Show sth to sb, show sb sth26. At the back of 在。的后面 in the front of 在。的前面The dinning hall is at the back of the school.The teachers desk is in the fr

30、ont of our classroom.27. love/like/enjoy doing sth 喜爱做某事He enjoys watching TV for a little while after lunch.28. Talk to/with 与。谈话He is talking to/with his English teacher.29. Also 用在肯定句中，位于实义动词前，be动词，情态动词和助动词后，如：he can also swim.Too 用于肯定句句末，常用逗号隔开。He is a student, too.Either 用于否定句句末，常用逗号隔开He cant s

31、wim,either.As well 一般用于肯定句句末，但不用逗号隔开She can ride a bike as well.30. Work on 致力于。从事。He is working on a new novel.Work for 为。而工作I am working for my future.Work out计算，算出The little boy can work out the math problem all by himself.31. What do you think of.= what do you like.表示主语对某人或某事的看法，对某物的喜欢程度。What do

32、 you think of the book?Its interesting.How do you like the book?Very much.32. whats ones favorite.? What.does sb like best? 某人最喜欢什么？Whats your favorite sport? = what sport do you like best?33. why dont you.?后接动词原形，意为“你为什么不。？当它用来表示提出建议的时候，相当于why not.?意为为何不。？Why dont you play soccer with us?34. Be friendly to 对某人友好Everyone here is very friendly to us.35. Other是形容词，意为“另外的，其他的”，表示泛指，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用。如果other前面有the, this ,any, each, every, no, none 以及形容词性物主代词时，其后可接单数名词。The other 指两者中的另一个He has two pencils. One is short, the other is long.Others是other的复数形式，意为“别的人或物”，表示