【初二英语】现在完成时讲解模版ppt课件

1、 如今完成时如今完成时 如今完成时的构成如今完成时的构成 如今完成时的主要用法如今完成时的主要用法 如今完成时的时间状语如今完成时的时间状语 短暂性动词与时间段的关系短暂性动词与时间段的关系 have been 与与have gone 比较比较 与普经过去时的用法比较与普经过去时的用法比较 have (hashave (has+ + 过过去分去分词词 如今完成时的主要用法如今完成时的主要用法 - It- Its so dark.s so dark. -Someone has turned off the light.-Someone has turned off the light. ( (有

2、人刚把灯关了有人刚把灯关了, ,对如今呵斥的结果是对如今呵斥的结果是: :如今很黑如今很黑) ) - Are you free? -I have finished my homework. I am free (我曾经完成了家庭作业我曾经完成了家庭作业,对如今呵斥的结果是很有空对如今呵斥的结果是很有空) 1. 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对如今呵斥的影响或结果。表示过去发生的某一动作对如今呵斥的影响或结果。 I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English for more than ten years. ten years.我曾

3、经学了我曾经学了1010多年的英语。多年的英语。 ( (从从1010年前开场年前开场, ,继续到如今还在学继续到如今还在学) ) She has swum since half an hour ago.She has swum since half an hour ago. 我曾经游泳了半个小时我曾经游泳了半个小时 ( (半个小时前曾经开场游泳半个小时前曾经开场游泳, ,到如今还在游到如今还在游) ) 如今完成时的主要用法如今完成时的主要用法 2.2.表示过去曾经开场表示过去曾经开场, , 继续到如今的动作或形状继续到如今的动作或形状. .常与常与since + since + 过去的时间点，

4、过去的时间点，for + for + 一段时间，一段时间，so far so far 等时间状语连用。等时间状语连用。 1. 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对如今呵斥的影响或结果。表示过去发生的某一动作对如今呵斥的影响或结果。 2.2.表示过去曾经开场表示过去曾经开场, , 继续到如今的动作或形状继续到如今的动作或形状, , 如今完成时的时间状语如今完成时的时间状语 常与常与already, never, ever, just, yet, before, up to now, so far, for the last few weeks these days, since for a long t

5、ime 连用连用 短暂性动词与时间段的关系短暂性动词与时间段的关系 短暂性动词在一定句、疑问短暂性动词在一定句、疑问 句中不能与时间段连用，这些句中不能与时间段连用，这些 动词是：动词是：become, become, begin, begin, buy, buy, borrow, borrow, come (go, arrive), come (go, arrive), die, die, finish, finish, join, join, leave, leave, 等。等。 为了表述这种意思为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性我们常用相应的延续性 动词动词 来替代短暂性动词。来替代

6、短暂性动词。 become be, begin have , become be, begin have , borrow keep, buy have, borrow keep, buy have, come (go, arrive, get) be here/there/in come (go, arrive, get) be here/there/in， die be dead, finish be over, die be dead, finish be over, join be in join be in be a member of be a member of leave be

7、 away ( from), leave be away ( from), 但在否认句中，短暂性动词可以与但在否认句中，短暂性动词可以与 时间段连用。时间段连用。 如：如：I havenI havent bought the bike for a t bought the bike for a year. year. 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。我买这辆自行车还不到一年。 She hasnShe hasnt come here for an hour. t come here for an hour. 她来这儿还没有一个小时。她来这儿还没有一个小时。 翻翻 译译 练练 习：习： 1. 1.我买了

8、这块手表五年了。我买了这块手表五年了。 2. 2.这位老人曾经死了十年了。这位老人曾经死了十年了。 I have bought this watch for five years. I have bought this watch for five years. I have had this watch for five years/since I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago. 5 years ago. The old man has died for ten years. The old man has died

9、 for ten years. The old man has been dead for ten The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago. years/since 10 years ago. W W 3. 3.他曾经回来三天了。他曾经回来三天了。 4. 4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。自从六点钟他就来这儿了。 5. 5.我分开家乡已十年了。我分开家乡已十年了。 He has come back for 3 days. He has come back for 3 days. He has been back for 3

10、 days/since 3 He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago. days ago. He has come here since 6 o He has come here since 6 oclock.clock. He has been here since 6 o He has been here since 6 oclock.clock. I have left hometown for 10 years. I have left hometown for 10 years. I have been away from hometo

11、wn for 10 I have been away from hometown for 10 years. years. W W W have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to 意思是意思是“到过，去过，到过，去过， 表示曾经到过某处，但如今人不在那儿。表示曾经到过某处，但如今人不在那儿。 have gone to 意思是意思是“去了，表示曾去了，表示曾 经去了某地，如今人能够在去的途中或经去了某地，如今人能够在去的途中或 已在那儿了。已在那儿了。 have been in 意思是意思是“呆在某处一段时呆在某处一段时 间了间了 Has she ever b

12、een to Nanjing? 她曾去过南京吗？她曾去过南京吗？ You have never been there, have you? 他以前从未去过那儿，是吗？他以前从未去过那儿，是吗？ I have been to Guiling ,I went there last year. 我去过桂林，我去年去的。我去过桂林，我去年去的。 She has gone to Nanjing. 她曾经去南京了。她曾经去南京了。 一一. .如今完成时和普经过去时都是说过如今完成时和普经过去时都是说过 去的事情，但如今完成时留意的不去的事情，但如今完成时留意的不 是事情本身，而是强调事情与如今是事情本身，

13、而是强调事情与如今 坚持的某种亲密联络如如今的结坚持的某种亲密联络如如今的结 果，影响果，影响, ,不断延续到如今等不断延续到如今等; ;而普而普 经过去时，那么只讲述发生在过去经过去时，那么只讲述发生在过去 的动作和事情与如今没有关系。的动作和事情与如今没有关系。 eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾经买了一本英汉字典。他曾经买了一本英汉字典。 He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。他曾买过一本英汉字典。 二当有一个表示过去某一特定时间二当有一个表示过去某一特定时

14、间 的状语时，不用如今完成时，而用的状语时，不用如今完成时，而用 普经过去时普经过去时: : eg: I saw the film on television yesterday . 但但since(since(自自以来以来)+)+某一过去时间或表某一过去时间或表 达过去事情的从句总是与如今完成时达过去事情的从句总是与如今完成时 连用。连用。 eg： They have known each other since 1950 . Since he was a child ,he has lived in England. 三常与普经过去时连用的典型的三常与普经过去时连用的典型的 表示过去时间的

15、状语表示过去时间的状语: : yesterday(yesterday(昨天昨天), the day before yesterday(), the day before yesterday(前天前天), ), just now(just now(刚刚刚刚) )， 时间时间+ ago, + ago, last +last +时间时间 等等; ; eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week . 动动 词词 填填 空：空： 1._ you _(clean) the room? 1._ you _(cle

16、an) the room? Yes, we _(do) that already. Yes, we _(do) that already. When _ you _(do) it? When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. We _(do) it an hour ago. 2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. He _ it la

17、st week. 3. How many times _you_(be) there? 3. How many times _you_(be) there? HaveHavecleanedcleaned have donehave done diddiddodo diddid HasHasseenseen diddidseesee sawsaw havehavebeenbeen 4. I _ (read) the novel twice. It4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.s interesting. 5. She _(go) t

18、o Pairs, hasn5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.t she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. She _(go) there by air. 6. So far, many countries _(develop) 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. their software programs. 7.Mr Chen _(give)up

19、 smoking last year.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year. 8.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking since last year.8.Mr Chen _(give) up smoking since last year. have readhave read has gonehas gone diddidgogo wentwent have developedhave developed gavegave has givenhas given 选用选用 for for和和 since since填空填空: : 1.We

20、 haven1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.t seen each other _ a long time. 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.ago. 3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes. 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr

21、Green has worked here _ he came to China.China. 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.years. 6. It6. Its five years _ we met last time.s five years _ we met last time. forfor sincesince forfor sincesince forfor sincesince 用用Have been to, have g

22、one to, have been in 填空填空 Mike and his parents _ the north Mike and his parents _ the north for half a year.for half a year. Mum is not at home now. she _ the Mum is not at home now. she _ the shop.shop. _ you ever _ to kunming ? Never._ you ever _ to kunming ? Never. Where _ you _ these days?Where

23、_ you _ these days? Has Jim arrived yet?Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he _ here for several days. Yes, he _ here for several days. Where is Peter? I donWhere is Peter? I dont know where he t know where he _._. Hi Jim! Where _ you _ ? Li Lei Hi Jim! Where _ you _ ? Li Lei is looking for you. is looking f

24、or you. have been in has gone to have been Have been has been has gone have been 改改 错错 1. How long have you begun to study English? 2. I have borrowed this book for two weeks. 3. The river has become very dirty since last August. 4. Our manager is away today. He has been to Guangzhou on business. 5.

25、 He has gone out for two years. studied kept been gone been The house is dirty. We _it for weeks. A didnt clean B hadnt cleaned C dont clean D havent cleaned 2. -_the sports meeting might be put off. -Yes, it all depends on the weather. A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told 3. - Im sorry to

26、keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _here only a few minutes. A have been B had been C was D will be 4. You dont need to describe her. I _ her several times. A. had met B have met C met D meet 5. -Will you go to for vacation ? -I _ to go , but I dont know if I can go . A was planning B have planned C had been planning D have been planning 6. -When will they leave ? -They _very soon . A do leave B are leaving C have left D leave 7 -Was he studying for an exam ? -Yes , hes _ it last week. A doing B to take C making D to give 8.The teacher to