大学英语习题集

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx大学英语习题集【精品文档】大 学 英 语习 题 集 前 言本习题集根据大学英语课程教学要求（试行）和国家教育部全国高校网络教育考试委员会指定的“大学英语 ”课程考试大纲编写。练习项目、重点难点、题型、做题要求、习题难易程度与近年统考题型相近或者相似。Part I Grammar 第一部分英语语法综合复习 I、Words 词法：英语的词类主要划分为10种：名词：是表示人和事物的名称的词，通常表示为Noun(n.)，分为专有名词和普通名词，也可分为可数名词和不可数名词。物质名词和抽象名词一般属于不可数名词，它只有单数形式，如milk，happiness等。个体名词和集体

2、名词一般是可数名词，在表示不止一个的数量时要进行复数变化，变化分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。当名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系时要用名词所有格。名词在句中通常作主语、表语、宾语、同位语等。动词：是表示动作或状态的词。通常表示为Verb（v.），按其词义和句中的作用可分为实义动词、情态动词、助动词和连系动词四大类，其中实义动词又分及物动词和不及物动词两种。1. 实义动词：表示动作或状态，能独立作谓语。在不同情境下使用都会有时态，人称和数的变化。及物动词（vt.）后带宾语。不及物动词（vi.）后不带宾语。2. 情态动词：本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情

3、态。没有人称和数的变化。常用的情态动词有：can(could), may(might), must, need等。3. 助动词：本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示否定、疑问、简略回答等。常用的助动词有：be, have, do, will（would）,shall（should）等。4. 连系动词：不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：be, seem, look, feel, smell, sound, taste, keep, become, get, turn, grow, go等。形容词：是用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征的词。通常表示为

4、Adjective(adj.)，有比较级和最高级的词形变化。在句中常作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。副词：修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。通常表示为Adverb(adv.)，也有比较级和最高级的词形变化。在句中常作状语、表语，后置定语，宾语补足语。代词：用来代替名词、形容词或数词。通常表示为Pronouns(pron.)，分人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词和不定代词等。 1人称代词：起代表人或事物的作用，它有人称、单复数和主宾格的变化。人称代词主格作主语、表语。宾格作动词或介词的宾语。2. 物主代词：表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。也有人称和

5、数的变化。3. 指示代词：表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等意思的代词叫指示代词。在句中作主语、表语、定语和宾语。4. 反身代词：表示强调或表示动词所表达的动作返回到动作者本身，反身代词也有人称和数的变化。5. 疑问代词：表示疑问，一般放在句首，构成特殊疑问句，如：who, whom, whose, what, which等6. 不定代词：用来不指明任何特定的人和物。大多可代替名词和形容词。不定代词主要有：some,many,no,any,both,all,every,each,neither,another, either,other(s),much,none,few,a few,

6、little,a little以及由some,any,no等合成的复合不定代词，如something,anything,nothing。这些词若带有定语时，定语要后置。数词：Numerals，通常表示为num.，表示数量或顺序。分为基数词和序数词。基数词用来表示基本的计数和时间等，序数词用来表示顺序。介词：通常表示为prep.，表示名词、代词等和举重其他词的关系，组成词组表示时间或方位等，经常搭配构成介词短语使用。英语被称为介词的语言。连词：通常表示为conj.，用于连接词与词、短语与短语或者句与句。冠词：通常表示为art.，用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物，分为定冠词和不定冠词。语气词：

7、也称感叹词，通常表示为int.或interj.，用于表达说话时的情感。II、Sentences 句法：1、 英语的句子按照目的和用途可分为四类：陈述句：用来说明事实或说话人的看法。陈述句中包含肯定句和否定句。疑问句：用来提出问题。疑问句当中有一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句、特殊疑问句。祈使句：用来表示请求、建议、要求和命令，一般省略主语you。感叹句：用来表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。 感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，2、英语的句子按其结构分简单句、并列句、复合句三种。简单句：只包含一个主语和谓语的句

8、子。有陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹各种句式。并列句：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。 复合句：包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词引导。有主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、补语从句等。3、基本句型：五种基本句型，可组合、扩展、变化1）主 + 动（SV）例如：I work.我工作。2）主 + 动 + 表（SVP）例如：John is busy.约翰忙。3）主 + 动 + 宾（SVO）例如：She studies English.她学英语。4）主 + 动 + 宾 + 补（SVOC）例如：Time would prove

9、 me right. 时间会证明我是对的。5）主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾（SVOiOd）例如：My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。III. Time tense 动词的时态： 在不同时间条件下发生的动作要用不同的英语时态来表达。主要有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时，现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时，现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时等16种。1、 一般现在时：1) 结构：单数第三人称做主语，动词需要词形变化。2) 用法：a、经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 常用时间状语： every, sometimes,at, o

10、n Sunday b、表示客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun.注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. c、表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 d、现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doi

11、ng my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。2、 一般过去时：1） 用法：表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态，或表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day,

12、 in 1982等。例句：Where did you go just now? When I was a child, I often played football in the street.2） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。3、 一般将来时：1）构成：shall或will+动词原形shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。2) 构成：be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a

13、. 主语的意图，即将做某事。b. 计划，安排要发生的事。 c. 有迹象要发生的事3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4)be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。5）用于条件句时， be going to表将来，will表意愿4、现在进行时：1）构成：be+动词现在分词2）基本用法：a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you.b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is wri

14、ting another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 The leaves are turning red. Its getting warmer and warmer.d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind.3）现在进行时表

15、示将来时：意为：意图、打算、安排、常用于人。常用词为 come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。 Im leaving tomorrow. Are you staying here till next week?5、过去进行时：1） 概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2） 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。3） 常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, wh

16、ile6、将来进行时：1) 概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。Shell be coming soon.Ill be meeting him sometime in the future. 注意：将来进行时不用于表示意志，不能说 Ill be having a talk with her.2）常用的时间状语 Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening7、现在完成时：现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现

17、在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成： have (has) +过去分词。*过去时与现在完成时比较：1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。8、过去完成时：1） 概念：表示过去的过去所完成的事 其构成是had +过去分词构成。2） 用法a.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she

18、had never been to Paris.b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.3)过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as

19、 soon as。9、将来完成时：1) 构成：will / be going to do sth.2) 概念： a. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或一获得的经验。*时态的一致：1) 如果从句所叙述的为真理或不变的事实，则永远用现在时。At that time, people did not know that the earth moves.He told me last week that he is eighteen.2) 宾语从句中的助动词ought, need, must, dare 时态是不变

20、的。He thought that I need not tell you the truth.IV动词的语态和语气 1、语态：语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。结构：be+动词过去分词1）若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，主动语态句子变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词为感官动词。 feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch例句：The teacher made me go out of the

21、classroom. - I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). We saw him play football on the playground. - He was seen to play football on the playground.2）情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态。 Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.3）常用的被动语态句型：在形式主语句中，用believe, consider, decl

22、are, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等词的被动语态带主语从句表示转述或泛指。It is said that 据说It is reported that 据报道 It is believed that大家相信It is hoped that大家希望It is well known that 众所周知It is thought that大家认为It is suggested that据建议It is taken granted that 被视为当然It has been decided that 大家决定

23、It must be remember that务必记住的是例句：It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.2. 虚拟语气：1） 概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。2） 在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。a. 同现在事实相反的假设。句型 ： 条件从句主句 一般过去时should( would) +动词

24、原形 例：If they were here, they would help you.b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。句型： 条件从句 主句过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词 例：If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.c. 表示对将来的假想句型： 条件从句 主句 一般过去时 should+ 动词原形 were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形 should+ 动词原形 例：If you succeeded, everything would be all right.3）虚拟条件句的倒装：虚拟条件句的

25、从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。例：Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.* 注意： 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。 例：If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。Part II Exercises第二部分 分类练习I. Use of

26、English Section A: 选择填空：Directions：In this part there are 5 incomplete dialogues. For each dialogue there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the dialogue. 1.-Hello,may I talk to Mr.Green now? -_.A.Sorry,he is busy now. B.No,you cant.C.Sorry,you cant D.I dont k

27、now.2.-What can I do for you,madam?-_.A.Thanks. B.You can go your own way.C.I want a kolo of apples. D.Excuse me.I am busy.3.-May I see the menu,please? -_.A.That is the menu. B.Here you are,Sir.C.Yes,please go on. D.Of course, Sir.4.-Why dont you travel to new York on vacation?-_.A.I dont want to g

28、o. B.Excuse me,because I cant.C.Because Im going to school today.D.I want to,but I havent got enough money. 5.-Could you help me with my homework,please? -_.A.No,no way. B.No,I cant.C.No,I couldnt. D.Sorry,I cant. I have to go to a meeting right now.6.-Excuse me,where is the headmasters office? -_.A

29、.Sorry,I dont know. B.No,you cant ask me.C.Pardon, I have no idea. D.Please dont say so.7.-Hello,Jane. How is John?-_.A.Thanks a lot. B.John is not here.C.Thank you.He is fine. D.Excuse me.John is good.8.-Do you mind telling me where are you from? -_.A.Certainly. I am from London. B.Sure. I was born

30、 in London.C.Not really,You can do it. D. Certainly not. I am from London. 9.-You have lovely children.-_.A.No,They are not. B.I cant say they are .C.You are talking toomuch.D.Thank you. 10.-I am sorry.I promise Ill be careful next time? -_.A.No,Its nothing at all. B.Oh,never mind.It doesnt matter.C

31、.Thank you. D.There are no question. Section B: 补全对话: Directions：In this part there are some incomplete dialogues. For each dialogue there is one answer that best completes the dialogue. Finish the dialogue with corresponding sentence. 补全对话11. Jack Smith 是某校的新生，第一天到校，觉得这地方不错，但对周围的一切还不太熟悉。Peter Jones

32、见到Jack 主动和他打招呼。他们彼此做了自我介绍后，Peter 询问Jack 对学校的看法，并建议他去见自己的朋友。Jack 同意了，并表示感谢。Peter: Hello,how are you ?Jack: I am fine. _(1)_?Peter:Im fine,too.My name is Peter Jones.Jack:_ (2)_.Peter:Is this your first day here in this school?Jack:_ (3)_.Peter:How do you like it?Jack:_ (4)_.Peter:Why not come and mee

33、t some of my friends?Im sure theyd be gald to show you around.Jack:_ (5)_.12. A在路上发现陌生人B在看门牌号，好像在找什么人，就主动提出帮助。B向A打听四号楼在什么地方，他要找的Smith 教授在哪栋楼里。A告诉B说，Smith教授是他的隔壁邻居，他可以为B带路。 A:Can I help you? B:_ (1)_. _(2)_? I want to see Professor Smith,who lives in that building. A:Oh,_ (3)_.ll show you the way. B:

34、 _ (4)_. _(5)_.13. 小张邀小王星期日一起去看中国队对日本的排球比赛。比赛将于下午4:00 开始。小王建议3:50在体育馆门口见面，小张同意小王的意见并告诉小王不要来晚，小王答应决不迟到，两人就分手了。Zhang:Its Sunday tomorrow._ (1) _?Wang:Of course I would ._ (2)_?Zhang:Its between the Chinese team and Japanese team.Wang:Thats great ._ (3)_.Zhang:At four oclock in the afternoon. Heres the

35、 ticket.Wang:Good._ (4)_?Zhang:All right._ (5)_.Wang:No,I wont . Good-bye!Zhang:_(6)_.14. 下面是小刘去鞋店买鞋时和售货员的对话。请根据上下文，把售货员要说的话补全。Salesman:_ (1)_?Xiao liu :I want a pair of tennis shoes,please.Salesman:_ (2)_?Xiao liu:Size 9 ,please.Salesman:_ (3)_._ (4)_?Xiao liu :They dont look as that pair on the sh

36、elf. May I have a look at them?Salesman:_ (5)_.(Takes down the pair of shoes and give them to Liu. )These are a new style.Xiao liu :Do they cost more than the other pair?Salesman:_(_6_)_.But they are of better quality.Xiao liu :How much are they ?Salesman:Thirty-two dollars and forty cents.Xiao liu

37、:All right, Is forty dollars.Salesman:Here you are and here is the change. _(7)_?Xiao liu :No,thanks.Goodbye.Salesman: Goodbye.15. 一天下午，在去校图书馆的途中，B碰到同学A。下面是他们的对话。请把B的话补全。A:Good afternoon.B:_ (1)_.A:Are you from Japan?B:_ (2)_._ (3)_._ (4)_?A:Im from Germany .My names A.B:_ (5)_._ (6)_.A: Nice to mee

38、t you, too.16. 爱丽丝的妈妈病了，爱丽丝想向老师格林先生请几天假。Alices mother is very ill. She wishes to take a few days of from school so she goes to her teacher,Mr Green.-Excuse me, Mr Green .Id like to take a few days off.-_(1)_.-My mothers ill .I have to take care of her.-Oh, dear! I am sorry to hear that. _(2)_.-No,th

39、ank you .My mother has caught a bad cold .She has a high fever and coughs day and night. The doctor says my mother has to be in hospital for a few days .I would like to be with her.-I understand._ (3)_.-I hope to be back next Wednesday.-Thats all right ._ (4)_.-Thank you ,Mr Green .Thats very kind o

40、f you . Ill write it immediately.-_(5)_,Ill certainly help you with them .17. John 和Tim聊天,问对方上一个周末是怎么过的,John说他上星期天晚上同Bill一起外出吃饭,而Tim说他星期日去看了一场电影。John：Hi，Tim. How are you?Tim：Not bad._(1)_?John：Fine.What did you do last weekend?Tim：Well,_(2)_.John：Oh,really? _(3)_?Tim：Yes,it was good._(4)_?John：I wen

41、t out to dinner with Bill.Tim：Oh,you must have had a good time. By the way,_(5)_?John：He is fine.18. Mike和 Mary在等车时相遇, Mary说好久不见Mike,不知他工作情况怎样 ,不久汽车来了,两人道别.Mary:Good morning,Mike.Mike: Good morning,Mary.How are you?Mary:Just fine.Thanks.And you?Mike:Great!_(1)_Mary:_(2)_.Where have you been hiding?M

42、ike:I have been buried in the lab lately.Mary: _(3)_?Mike:Well,it could be better,but not bad.Mary:Oh,excuse me. _(4)_. _(5)_. Drop in whenever you have time.Bye.II Vocabullary and Structure 词汇和句型Directions: In this section there are some incomplete sentences. For each dialogue there are four choice

43、s marked A，B ，C and D，Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1. Mr. Smith is an _teacher.a. US b. America c. American d. USA 2. Jean Green _English girl student.a. is a b. is an c. is not a d. is not an 3. London is _ nice city, and it is _ old city, too. a. a, an b. an, a c. the, a

44、d. a, the 4. Lets go. _car is outside _airport building.a. The, the b. The, an c. A, an d. A, the 5. Paris is the capital _ France.a. at b. in c. of d. by6. _there two magazines on the table?a. Is b. Are c. Be d. Am 7. There _ a pencil, a rubber and two pens in the pencil-box.a. are b. is c. be d. a

45、m 8. I do not read in the library all the time. _ I play on the playground.a. Sometimes b. Some times c. Sometime d. Some time 9. Mr. Green _ up early in the morning. a. do not gets b. does not gets c. doesnt get d. do not get10. Li Ming and Wang Li are in _ class on the first day of the new term.a.

46、 them b. they c. their d. theirs 11. Mr. Green is very _. But he is very happy.a. modern b. eager c. busy d. interesting 12. They _ the Mid-Autumn Day with their family.a. spend b. spends c. joins d. join 13. _do people go home on Spring Festival? a. Why b. Where c. What d. Who 14. _ is big and roun

47、d in the sky on Mid-Autumn Day.a. A moon b. The moon c. Moons d. Moon 15. He _some questions about the Mid-Autumn Day.a. have b. does c. has d. do 16. The students really like the simple life style _ the country. a. on b. in c. at d. from17. People in the country always have _ food. a. nice b. good

48、c. modern d. fresh 18. They often have a party _ friends on the campus.a. and b. with c. from d. around 19. Look, Lily is on _ track! a. five b. the five c. fifth d. the fifth 20. How many _are there on the farm? a. sheep b. cow c. tree d. animal 21. There are two cars here. One is big, and _ is small. a. another b. others c. an other d. the other 22. Yes, I can do this. Is there _ I can do ? a. everything b. something also c. anything d. anything else 23. Why _