主动语态变被动语态专题练习

1、主动语态变被动语态专题练习一、将下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态1. Teachers must take good care of the student.2. Was ano ther man-made satellite sent up into the space by them last week.3. People plant many trees on either side of the street each year.4. Li Lei mended the bike.5. A famous America n writer wrote the book Red Star O

2、ver Chi na years ago.6. Two years ago we used that machine to make shoes for children.7. Ken is ofte n heard to apologize to his teacher.8. People there didntplant any trees last year.9. We call him David.10. We will pla nt some trees in the garde n this year.11. Do young people usually liste n to p

3、op music?12. We should help the disabled people.13. Jenny showed me the picture.14. My mother gave me a dictionary as a birthday present.15. We heard Jim playi ng the guitar in his room.二、单项选择1. Today, the forests have almost gone. People mustdow n too many trees.A. stop to cutB. stop from cutt ingC

4、. be kept cutt ingD. be stopped from cutt ing2. Hein the classroom just now. Hebe there now.A. heard to sin g;may B. was heard sing; must C. heard sing; must D. was heard to sing; may3. -1 want to teach in this area.-Well, teachersvery much here.A. n eedB. are n eed ingC. are n eeded D. will n eed4.

5、 A report says hun dreds of thousa nds of treesin the Amza on rai nforestlast year.A. was cut dow n B. have bee n cut dow n C. were cut dow nD. has bee ncut dow n5. -What about the pen you bought yesterday?-Itwell. I like it very well.A. was writte n B. is writte nC. wroteD. Writes6. -Sixtee n-year-

6、oldsto drive.-I agree. They areserious eno ugh at that age.A. should nt be allowed B. should nt allow C. dont allow D. are allowed not7. The village is build ing a school. I hope itbefore August this year.A. Fini shesB. will finishC. is fini shedD. will be fini shed【形容词】形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词

7、分成性质 形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot。2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化， 也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 例如：afraid 害怕的。按其结构，可分为单个形容词和复合形容词。前者由一个单词(如good, short,happy)构成，而后者则由两个以上的单词(如well-k now n, kin d-hearted,five-year-old )构成。二、形容词的种类1. 品质

8、形容词英语中大量形容词属于这一类，他们表示人或物的品质，女口:He s the happiest man on earth.他是地球上最快乐的人。The play was bori ng.那出戏很枯燥乏味。You have an hon est face.你有一张诚实的脸。这类形容词一般都能用于比较级，如bigger, simpler, you nger.2. 类属形容词这类形容词表示属于哪一类，如：These subjects reflect our daily lives.这些题材反映我们的日常生活。This medici ne is for exter nal use on ly.此药仅

9、供外用。这类形容词一般都不能用于比较级。3. 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词，如：His face we nt purple with rage.他的脸气得发青。She had on a blue coat.她穿了一件蓝色的外套。Carrots are orange. 胡萝卜是 橘红色的。这类词前面还可加light, pale, dark, deep, bright等词，如：light brown hair 淡蓝色头发a pale green dress 淡绿色裙服a deep blue skirt深蓝色的裙子a dark grey suit深灰色的套服4. 强调形容词有些形容词起强调作用，

10、如：It s an utter mystery.这完全是个谜。I have perfect trust in his judgeme nt.我绝对信任他的判断力。5. -ing 形容词1）有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词，如：It was a tiri ng journ ey.这真是一趟累人的旅行。This is a convincing argume nt.这是个有说服力的论据。这样的形容词多由及物动词变来。有很多也是品质形容词，有时可用于最高级（如most amazing, most disappointing ）。2）还有一些形容词和不及物动词有关，如：我们希望缓解目前的紧张局势。他是

11、当今最伟大的作曲家We hope to lesse n the existi ng tension.He s one of the greatest liv ing composers.之一。这类形容词只能作定语，不能用于比较级。3）还有一些-ing形容词并不与动词有关，如：n eighbouri ng cities令 B近的城市a cunning trick猾的计谋6. - ed形容词 1）大多数-ed形容词都与及物动词有关，是由它们的过去分词变过来的，一般 有被动意义，多数为品质形容词，如：She looked embarrassed.他好象很尴尬。These people are fro

12、m distressed areas.这些人来自贫苦地区。I felt depressed.我感到很沮丧。2）有些-ed形容词可说是类属形容词，也由动词的过去分词变来，但不能用于 比较级，如：You have to pass the required exam in ati on to become a doctor.你需要通过规定的考试才能成为医生。She is a trained nurse.她是一个受过训练的护士3）有少数-ed形容词，不是由动词，而是由名词变来的：skilled workers 技术工人salaried class 工薪阶层a flowered headscarf 印花

13、头巾还有少数-ed形容词，和动词名词都没有关系：beloved leaders受爱戴的领导his deceased aunt 他死去的姨4）有些-ed的形容词包含有副词：a well-equipped army一支装备精良的部队a well-k nownmusician 著名的音乐家7.合成形容词1）形容词在英语中是比较普遍的，最常见的有：a. 形容词+名词+ed:good-natured天性善良的b. 副词+过去分词：low-paid工资很低的c. 形容词+现在分词：easy-going 好说话的d. 畐寸词+现在分词：low-lying低洼的e. 名词+现在分词：heart-breakin

14、g令人心碎的f. 形容词+名词：prese nt-day当代的2）还有一些其他类型的合成形容词，如：a two-piece suit 两件套的西服all-out attempt全力以赴的努力take-home pay扣税后的实得工资3）还有一些三个或更多词构成的和成形容词，如：wait-a nd-see policy观望政策heart-to-heart talk推心置腹的谈话an out-of-the-wayplace偏僻之地an-o ut-of-datedrivi nglice nse过期驾照三、形容词的用法和在句中的位置1. 形容词在句中主要可用作:1)定语:What a fine day

15、!多好的天气!He is a self-made man.他是个自学成材的人。2)表语:The see ne was horrify ing.这景象很恐怖。3)I am gett ing bored and homesick.His comme nts were well-mea nt.宾语的补语（构成合成宾语）：我感到有些厌烦想家。他说这些都是出于好心。我感到这种炎热天气很难受。你认为这有必要吗?I find this hot weather very tryi ng.Do you think it n ecessary?4）状语:She was back, eager to see her

16、 friends.她回来了，极想见她的朋友们。She gave him the overcoat, an xious to be of service.她把大衣拿给他，极愿为他服务。He arrived home, hungry and tired.他又饿又累的回到家里。2.形容词在句中的位置有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置形容词；少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置形容词。1）当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时，形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为:（限定词）-一般描绘性形容词一表示大小、长短、高低的形容词一表示年龄、新旧的形容词一表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词一表示物质、材料的形容

17、词-（名词）。用一句话来说就是“美小圆旧黄，法国木书屋”。如:There is a famous fine old stone bridge n ear the village.村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。I bought a cheap blue plastic pencil box yesterday.昨天我买了一个便宜的蓝色塑料铅笔盒They have got such a round brow n woode n table.他们有一张褐色的木制圆桌。somebody,2)当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时，或形容词用来修饰 somethi ng, any thi ng, no

18、thi ng 等的时候，便会出现后置形容词。如: The boy (who is) interested in music is my brother.对音乐赶兴趣的那个男孩是我弟弟。Guilin is a city (which is) famous for its scenery.桂林是一个以风景闻名的城市。Do you have anything in teresti ng to tell us?你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗？There is nothing wrong with the machine.这台机器没有毛病。四、形容词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成1)单音节词和

19、少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况构成方式原级比较级最咼级一般情况力卩-er 或newn ewern ewest-estlongIon gerIon gest以e结尾力卩-r或-stfinefinerfin est的词latelaterlatest以“辅音变y为i再earlyearlierearliest+y”结尾的词加-er 或-esthappyhappierhappiest重读闭音先双写辅hothotterhottest节的词末尾只有一个辅音字音字母，再加-er 或-estthinthi nnerth inn est母fatfatterfattest2)多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加

20、 more或most。如:原级比较级最咼级usefulmore usefulmost usefuldifficultmore difficultmost difficultdeliciousmore deliciousmost delicious3）有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化原级比较级最咼级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfurtherfurthestfartherfarthestoldolderoldesteldereldest2.形容词比较级的用法1）形容词的比较级

21、可以单独使用：Be more careful n ext time.下次小心点。It was quieter outside.夕卜面安静点了。It couldn t be easier.不能再容易了。This car is more expe nsive.这辆车比较贵。Who is taller? 谁高一点？Which book is better?哪本书更好？2）也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟：a. 名词或代词（若为人称代词，在口语中多用宾格）：He is older than me.他年龄比我大。Tokyo is bigger than New York.东京比纽约大

22、。b. 动名词：Skii ng is more excit ing tha n skat ing.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。This is more in teresti ng tha n sitti ng in an office.这比坐办公室更有意思。c. 从句:I was a better sin ger tha n he was.我唱歌比他好。He is stron ger tha n I expected.他比我预料的更健壮。d.状语:She felt worse tha n usual.她感到比平时更难受。He is busier tha n ever.他比过去更忙了。e.跟其它成分（如动

23、词、形容词等）：It s better to be prepared than unprepared.有准备比没准备好。She was more surprised tha n angry.她吃惊甚于生气。He was more lucky tha n clever.他是运气好，而不是聪明。3.形容词比较级的修饰语1）形容词比较级前可加 much, a lot, a bit, a little, slightly之类表示程度的状语:He s feeli ng a lot better today.他感到今天好多了。She s a little bit better now.她现在稍稍好点了。I

24、t s slightly warmer today.今天稍微暖和一点。2）也可在比较级前 any, no, some, even, still这类词：Do you feel a ny better today?你今天感觉好一点了吗？She was no older than Qilla.他并不比齐拉大。This book is eve n more useful tha n that.这本书甚至比那本书更有用。3）比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：Shall I get a couple more chairs?我要不要再搬两把椅子来？My sister is ten years youn ge

25、r tha n me.我妹妹比我小十岁。You re a head taller than Jane.你比简高一个头。4.形容词比较级的特殊用法和more有关的词组1) the more the more 越就越。例如：The harder you work , the greater progress youll make.越努力,进步越大。2) more B than A=less A than B与其说 A不如说 B。例如：He is more lazy tha n slow at his work. = He is less slowtha n lazy at his work.他工作

26、时，与其说是反应慢不如说是懒。3) no morethan 与一样，不比多。例如：The officials could see no more tha n the Emperor.官员们看至 U的和皇帝一样多。no less than 与一样。例如：He is no less dilige nt than you.他和你一样勤勉。4) more than不只是，非常。例如：She is more than kind to us all.她对我们非常热心。和less有关的词组5) less than 不到 不太：In less than a week, the MS was ready.不到一

27、周稿子就准备好了。6) no less than 多达 不少于He won no less than $5oo.他赢了不少于 500 美圆。No less tha n 2 milli on people came.7) more or less基本上 大体上 大约至少来了 2百万人。The work is more or less fini shed.这项工作基本上完成了。The answers were more or less right.这些回答大体上是正确的。另外，还有as +形容词或副词原级+ as8）在否定句或疑问句中可用soas。例如：He cannot run so/as fa

28、st as you.他没你跑得快。9）当asas中间有名词时采用以下格式：as +形容词+ a +单数名词/ as + many/much + 名词。例如：这个例子和另外一This is as good an example as the other is.个一样好。I can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少纸，我也能。10）表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。例如：This room is twice as big as that one.这房间的面积是那间的两倍。Your room is the same size as mi n

29、e.你的房间和我的一样大。11）倍数 + as + adj. + as 倍数 + the + of。例如：This bridge is three times as long as that one.这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。This bridge is three times the len gth of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine.你的房间是我的两倍大。Your room is twice the size of mine.5. 形容词最高级用法the +最高级+比较范围1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，例如：The S

30、ahara is the biggest desert in the world.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常。例如：It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 这是个很重要的问题。注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。（错）Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.（对）Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2） 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far

31、, much, mostly, almost。例如：This hat is n early / almost the biggest.这帽子差不多是最大的了。、I 、+ : 注意:a. very 可修饰最高级，但位置与 much不同。This is the very best.This is much the best.b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如：Africa is the sec ond largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。3）最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如：Mike is the most in tellige nt in his class.马克是班上最

32、聪明的。Mike is more intelligentthan any other students in his class.4）否定词语+比较级，-否定词语+ soas结构也可以表示最高级含义。 例如：Nothi ng is so easy as this.没比这更简单的了。=Noth ing is easier tha n this.=This is the easiest thing.6. 形容词最高级的特殊用法1） 形容词最高级可用作表语，这时定冠词the可以省略。I thi nk her plan is best.我认为她的计划最好。Cott on bla nkets are g

33、en erally cheapest.棉毛毯一般最便宜。2） 形容词最高级前可以加a或不加冠词来表示非常He has bee n most kind to me.他对我非常好。We were all most an xious to go home.我们都很想回家。3） 形容词最高级还可和at构成短语作表语，表示处于最的状态。The peony was at its brightest.牡丹花正在盛开。I knew she was at her worst.我知道她这时情绪最糟。She was n ever at her best in the prese nee of her mother.

34、在她妈跟前她的表现从来不是最好的。4）形容词最高级还可和at构成许多短语作状语：He had bee n gone 15 mi nutes at the most.他离开顶多才一刻钟。I ll be with you at latest by ten.我最迟十点钟就来陪你。【副词】副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构一、时间副词1. 常见的时间副词常见的时间畐寸词有now, the n, soon, ago, rece ntly, lately, later,fin ally, before, early, today tomorrow, yesterday, toni ght, su

35、dde nly, immediately, already, just 等。2. 时间副词在句中的位置 表确定时间的副词（如today, yesterday等）通常位于句末，有时也位于句首：He went home yesterday. / Yesterday he went home.他昨天回家了。而那些表示非确定时间的副词（如soon, recently, suddenly等）除可用于句末或句首外，还可位于句中（通常位于实意动词之前，动词 be、助动词、情态 动词之后）：He went to Paris rece ntly. / He rece ntly went to Paris. /

36、Rece ntly he went to Paris.最近他去了巴黎。（2） still, already, just等几个表示时间的副词通常位于句中（实意动词 之前，动词be、助动词、情态动词之后）：He s just left for school.他刚刚去学校。I have already fini shed my work.我已经做完了工作。当要表示强调时，still 和already也可位于动词be、助动词等之前：她到了 40She was still still was beautiful at the age of forty.岁仍然很美。I already have told

37、him about it.我已经把情况告诉他了。still若用于否定句，则总是位于助动词之前：I still dont understand what you mean我还是不明白你的意思。另外，still 和already 还可位于句末，表示惊奇：Are you on page one still? 你还在看第 1 页？Is your mother back already?你妈妈就已经回来了？二、地点副词1. 常见的地点副词常见的地点畐寸词有 here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, in doors, overseas, halfway, upstairs, dow nstairs等。2. 地点副词在句中的位置地点副词在句中通常位于句末或句首，但从不位于主语和谓语之间。若有多个副词排列，地点副词通常位于方式副词之后，时间副词之前：Can you help to carry th