非谓语和谓语练习

1、非谓语和谓语一、区分谓语和非谓语谓语 谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb)的位置一般在主语之后，说明主语“是什 么”或者“做什么”，或表明主语的状态。谓语由简单动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要 动词)构成。(谓语必修注意时态、语态和主谓一致)1 简单谓语(1) . What happe ned?发生了什么事？(2) . He worked hard all day today.他今天苦干了一天。(3) . The plane took off at ten o clock. 飞机是十点起飞的。2. 复合谓语可分为两种情况：第一种是由情态动词，助动词+不带

2、to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语：What does this word mean?I won t do it again.I II go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao.You d better catch a bus.第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。例如：You look the same.We are all here.The weather gets warmer, and the days get Ion ger.Keep quite and liste n to me.He looked worried.We have t

3、o be up early in the morni ng.Note: 一个英语句子就有一套主谓结构；如果是从句，则至少有两套主谓结构，每套要求主语 和谓语在时态和人称上要一致。祈使句无主语。非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式：to do,doing 和 done.非谓语动词的时态和语态11II11111般式1i完成式i1进行式1i;不定式；主动；to doI1to have doneto be doingI11 11 11 1被动111to be done111to have bee n doneiI111| ing 形 1主动；doin

4、g1i1hav ing done111；式:1 1被动:!being doneIhav ing bee n done!1II1过去分1被动do ne11i1词1111.111i一非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之 后还是同时。找出下列句中的动词非谓语，并注意他们在句子中充当的成分。To finish the work in te

5、n minutes is very hard.To lose your heart means failure.Her job is to clea n the hall.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.He found a good house to live in.The child has nothing to worry about.He worked day and ni ght to get the mon ey.She sold her hair to buy the watch cha in.Re

6、ad ing is importa nt in lear ning En glish.Look ing after the patie nt is a nu rses job.He slept in the sleep ing bag.Heari ng their teachers voice, the pupils stopped talk ing at on ce.(= On heari ng theirteachers voice =Whe n they heard their teachers voice, the pupilsDont be careless whe n /while

7、 hav ing an exam. = Dont be careless in hav ing an exam.=Dont be careless whe n / while you are hav ing an exam.Not knowing how towork out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.=Because he didn t know how to Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.=,which

8、 caused the delay. He is a promis ing young man.Make less noise. There s a sleepingchild.The young man sittingbetween John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper. =The young man who sits betwee n is the Those wishing to join this club should sign here.(=Those who wish to join the clubshould

9、sig n here.)The book is interesting and Im interested in it.The con cert give n by their frie nds was a success.Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!Give n ano ther hour, I can also work out this problem.Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.Grow n in rich so

10、il, these seeds can grow fast.【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成连词+过去分词结构作状语.When give n a medical exam in ati on, you should keep calm.The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.I .先对比，再做题。1. Gen tleme n always shake hands whe n they are in troduced to each other.2. Gen tleme n alw

11、ays shake hands whe n in troduced to each other.3. While we were walk ing in the street, we met some friends of ours.4 While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.5. The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson.6 Supported by his little grandson, the old man walked

12、 slowly.7 . The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.8 The ground covered with white snow looks very beautiful.9. There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave.10 There is a tall tree coveri ng the entrance to the cave.11. The worker wrote to the police and (disc

13、lose) who(steal) themon ey.12 The worker wrote to the police, (disclose) who(steal) themon ey.13. Look round when you(cross) the street.14 Look round whe n(cross) the street.15. When she(hear) the news, she burst into laughter.16(hear) the n ews, she burst into laughter.II.完成句子(非谓语)。1 Around the end

14、 of the first cen tury, a Roma n writer(call) Pli ny wrote about aterrible volca nic eruptio n .2 One person,(sit) alon e, looks like he is praying.3 Anne was brought in(help) Hele n.4Her first goal was(stop) Helen s troublesome behaviour.5 Hele n would have to lear n to un dersta nd words(spell) on

15、 her hand.6 The word“think ” was such a difficult one for Helen but she had a breakthrough while(work) on a simple task.7 He makes an attempt(eat) it, but it is clear from the look on his face that hefinds the taste truly(disgust).8 He smiles and no ds,(in dicate) everythi ng is fine.9 When he looks

16、 at the menu, an(ast oni sh) look swiftly appears on his face.10 Un certa in about how to fix them, she stopped(th in k).HI、用动词的适当形式填空(含谓语非谓语)1. During the summer holiday of 2005, I (think) I should do somethingmeanin gful in stead of(stay) at home and(watch) TV.2. I got a job at a KFC fast food res

17、taura nt and(work) there as a clea ner.3. After all, I(stick) to it with my determ in ati on at that time.4. No one can avoid(in flue nee) by advertiseme nts.5. Radio, television and computers have made it possible foradvertisements(attract) the atte nti on of milli ons of people.6. Meanwhile,(make)

18、 an advertisement, a lot of people will have to worktogether.7. In a word,(advertise) is an importa nt bus in ess.8. About fifty American students will come(visit) our school on October 22nd.9. We must(talk) with them in English.10. Please(be) frie ndly and courteous to them.11.1 have received your

19、letter and I m glad(give) you some suggestions.12. Fist of all, don t be(disappoint).13. Ma ny stude nts find it difficult(write) well.14.ln my opinion, if you want(improve) your writ ing, you should do the(follow) thi ngs.15.Then you ll be able(use) them correctly yourself.16.So, i n order(write) w

20、ell, you must lear n(read) a lot.17. Fin ally, you d better(recite) some good passages.18.1 m sure you can improve your(write) English.19.1 (study) En glish for six years.20.1 am good at both(operate) a PC and En glish.21.1 can read, write,(liste n) to and speak En glish.22.1 m(interest) in the posi

21、tion of a secretary.23.1 want very much(accept) by your compa ny.24.55% of the stude nts th ink they should take exercise every day, such as(do)morning exercises(play) pin g-p ong and basketball.25.45% believe(take) exercise is a waste of time and it is(tire).26.After(have) sports, they are much too

22、(excite) for a long timeto pay atte nti on to their less ons.27.lt s possible(get) hurt in sports.28. (see) from the hill, our school looks very beautiful.29. The book,(write) in 1975, is still popular now.IV、改写下列句子，其划线部分改为分词短语1. As she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.2. Ge

23、n tleme n always shake hands when they are in troduced to each other.3. A cold rain was falli ng. It was mixed with snow.4. While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.5. The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson.6. The ground which is covered with white

24、 snow looks very beautiful.7. There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave.8. The worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money.9. Look round when you cross the street.10. When she heard the news, she burst into laughter.V.课本再现1 Jody Williams helped found an intern ati o

25、nal campaig n(stop) the making oflandmine.2 As a young girl, she always wan ted(study) ani mals.3 She worked hard(make) as many coun tries as possible not to use them.4. (Watch) a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.5 This means(go) back to the place where weleft the family (sl

26、eep)in a tree the ni ght before.6 She spent years (observe) and(record) their daily activities.7 Whenshe first (arrive) in Gomben 1960, it was unusual for a woman(live) in the forest.8 This specialstrain of rice makes it possible( produce) one- third moreof the crop in the same fields.9 (bear 出生)in

27、1930, Dr Yuan (graduate) from SouthwestAgricultural College in 1953. Since the n,(find) ways to grow more rice hasbee n his life goal.10 At that time , hun ger wasa(disturb) problem in many parts of the coun tryside.Dr Yua n searched for a way( in crease) rice harvests without(expa nd) the area of t

28、he fields.11 (Use) his hybrid rice , farmers are producing harvests twice as large asbefore.12 Dr Yua n is quite( satisfy) with his life. However, he does nt care about( famous).13 He enjoys (listen)to violin music, (play) mah- jong,(swim) and readi ng.(Spe nd) money on himself or leadi ng a comfort

29、able life also means very little to him.14 He made people laugh at a time whe n they felt(depress), so they could(feel) more content with their lives.15 You may find it(ast oni sh) that Charlie was taught to sing as soon ashe could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.16 Unfortunatelyhis father

30、died, (leave) the family even worse off, so Charliespe nt his childhood(look) after his sick mother and his brother.VI.练习再现1. A greeting card is usually _1_ (design) either to be beautiful or meaningful or funny.2. Some people would like to buy a greeting card while others prefer _5_ (make) a cardby

31、 themselves .3. .Whatever he is called , he is still the sameshort, fat, jolly old manwith a long beard, _29_ (wear) a red suit with white fur.4. That was defi nitely not an attractive idea so I politely decli ned her in vitati on,_10_ (close) my book and walked away.5. If we keep on _33_ (try), we

32、shall be sure to conquer and overcome every difficultywe meet with.6. The earth is not the only body that _26_ (travel) around the sun.7. Every year , the company my wife works for _1_(host) a Christmas dinner party at a local restaura nt.8. What used to be an enjo yable meal with someemployees has

33、becomea large , drunken eve nt_2(last) late into the night.9. So, they have no trouble _33(live) in the dark ness.10. Actually, it was the first time that he(take) a train.11. Seeing this, the old man(sit) n ext to him was curious about what hedid.12. One of the simplest ways to be humorous is(lear

34、n) some good jokes.13. People(say) to have a sense of humor whe n they joke around a lot .14. After(take) out part of the coin s, I tha nked him and promised that Iwould use them wisely.15. I didn t understand what he(mean), so he explained it to me.16. Keeping a diary shouldn t become a(tire) job.7

35、I 11.disclosed , had stolen,12 disclosing, had stolen13 cross14 crossing15 heard16 hearingII. 1 called 2 sitting 3 to help 4 to stop 5 spelt 6 working 7 to eat, disgusting8 indicating 9 astonished 10 to thinkIII 1 thought ,staying ,watching2 worked 3 stuck 4 being influenced 5 to attract6 to make 7 advertising 8 to visit 9 talk 10 be 11 to give 12 disappointed 13 to