定语从句总结经典例句讲述

1、(定语从句定语从句) Which baby is JackWhich baby is Jack? ? 穿红裤子的baby是Jack。 The baby is Jack. The baby is Jack. whose trousers are red who is wearing red trousers Jack Which house is mineWhich house is mine? ? 房顶是棕色的房子是我的。 The house is mine.whose roof is brown The house is mine.of which the roof is brown My

2、house 1. 定义：在复合句中定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做的从句叫做定语从句定语从句。 2. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词 (名词或代词名词或代词) 叫叫先行词先行词。 定语从句放在先行词的后边。定语从句放在先行词的后边。 3. 3. 定语从句由于关系代词和关系副词引导，定语从句由于关系代词和关系副词引导，关系代词或关系代词或 关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时 又作从句中的一个成分。又作从句中的一个成分。 The Attributive Clause （定语从句

3、）（定语从句） 关系代词关系代词 that who whom whose which 在句子中的作用在句子中的作用 指代作用指代作用 主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语指人或指物指人或指物 主语、宾语（口语或主语、宾语（口语或 非正式文体）或表语非正式文体）或表语 指人（可与指人（可与 that 互换）互换） 宾语（动宾或介宾）宾语（动宾或介宾） 指人指人 定语定语 指人或指物指人或指物 主语或宾主语或宾 语语 指物（有时可指物（有时可 与与that 互换）互换） 关系副词关系副词 When (on / in / during which) Where (in / at which) why (

4、for which) 在句子中的在句子中的 作用作用 指代指代 （代替功能）（代替功能） 时间状语时间状语时间名词时间名词 地点状语地点状语 地点名词地点名词 原因状语原因状语指代原指代原 因因 关系代词关系代词: : 1. who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略） The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief. 2. whom指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, , 如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) Th

5、e man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li. 3. which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省作宾语可省 略略, 如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year. This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? I

6、s this the library from which you borrow books? 4. that 指人指人/物，作主语或宾语物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about. 5. whose 作定语作定语 I know the girl whose mother is a famous doct

7、or. (1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday. The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it. The dress that she is wearing is new. which (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is

8、the best film. I have ever seen this film. He is the kind person that I have ever worked with. who whom This is the best film that I have ever seen. Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, or which. 1 The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history. 2 We dont know the numb

9、er of people _ lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake. 3 The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake. 4 A house _ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake. 5Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake. 6 people _ study earthquakes thinks that there will b

10、e another big one soon. which/that who/that which/that which/that who/whom who 在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点：在选择引导定语从句的关系代词时，有如下要点： 1 由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个由于关系代词在主句与从句间既起到联系作用，又在从句中充当一个 成分，因此，成分，因此， 要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是要正确判断关系代词在从句中的功能，如作主语还是 宾语等。宾语等。 2 当先行词指人时，关系代词可用当先行词指人时，关系代词可用who（做主语，宾语），（做

11、主语，宾语），that（做主语，（做主语， 宾语），宾语），whom（作宾语），（作宾语），whose（作定语）（作定语） 3 当先行词指物时，关系代词可用当先行词指物时，关系代词可用that（做主语，宾语），（做主语，宾语），which（做主（做主 语，宾语）语，宾语） 4 再定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词长可省略，但在介词后面的关系代再定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词长可省略，但在介词后面的关系代 词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用词不能省略。指人时，介词后只用whom，指物时，介词后只用，指物时，介词后只用which。 5 在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用在非限制性定语从句中，指人时，只用who

12、，指物时，只用，指物时，只用which。 关系副词关系副词: : 1. when 在从句中作时间状语在从句中作时间状语 Ill never forget the day when we met for the first time. The story happened on the day when he was born. 2. Where 在从句中作地点状语在从句中作地点状语 This is the place where I lived 5 years ago. He showed me the building where his father worked. 3. Why 在从句中

13、作原因状语在从句中作原因状语 I dont know the reason why he is always late for school. This is the reason why we must go earlier. 1当先行词前有序当先行词前有序数词，形容词最高级，或限定数词，形容词最高级，或限定 词：词：the only，the same，the last, the very 等等修修 饰时，只用饰时，只用that，不用不用 which 3.This is the only gift _I have got from him. 在定语从句中，只用在定语从句中，只用 that 不

14、用不用 which 的情况的情况 that1.This is my first trip _I have made in my life. 2.The most beautiful place _he has visited is Guilin. that that 4. It is the very pen _ I am looking for. 5. The last place _they visited in China was Mount Hua. that that 6. This is the very book _ belongs to him.that 2当先行词为不定代词时

15、，如当先行词为不定代词时，如：anything， all，no, some, every, everything， nothing， none，much， little等词时，只用等词时，只用that，不用，不用which 3当有两个以上的先行词，且先行词中有人也有物当有两个以上的先行词，且先行词中有人也有物 时，只用时，只用that， 不用不用which。 that that 1. She took away everything _belongs to her. The old man talked about the persons and things _he could rememb

16、er. 2.You can borrow any book _ you want to read. The writer and his novel _ you talked about just now are really well known. that that 3.Im sure she has something _ you can borrow. that 4. Ive read all the books_ I borrowed from Betty. that Who is the girl _spoke to you just now? Which is the car _

17、was made in China? 4) .当主句以当主句以who 或或which 开头时开头时, 只用只用that, 不用不用which： that that 单项选择。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where 3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays

18、 meeting? A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen 4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.heB.whom C.whose D.who 5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who B.whose C.its D.which A C B D B 6. This book is for the students _native language isnt English. A.that B.of whom C.whose D.whos 7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!” A.whom