医学心理学英文心理2

1、Date: Name：(Chinese) Number: mark:Medical PsychologyTest山东大学加拿大高等教育基础部GENERAL STUDY PROGRAM ( CANADIAN CRITERIA) OF SHANDONG UNIVERSITY Date: Name：(Chinese) Number: mark:Understanding PsychologyTest APart 1: Definition (30 points, 3 points each one) 1. Temperament2. Imprinting 3. Personality4. Stres

2、s5. Bipolar disorder 6. Anxiety disorders7. Psychotherapy8. Free association9. Primacy effects 10. Social cognition11. Bystander effect Part 2 : Choosing correct answers (20 points, 2 points each one) 1. Perspectives on psychological disorders include ( )A. Biological model B. Psychoanalytic modelC.

3、 Cognitive-behavioral model D. Diathesis-stress model 2. Piagets stages of cognitive development include ( )A. Sensory-motor stage B. Preoperational stageC. Concrete-operational stage D. Formal-operational stage 3. In Freuds theory, Oedipus complex generally occurs in the ( )A. Oral stage B. Anal st

4、age C. Phallic stage D. Genital stage4. Humanistic personality theories include ( )A. Actualizing tendency B. Unconditional positive regardC. unconscious D. Super ego 5. Projective tests of personality are ( )A. 16PF B. MMPI C. TAT D. Rorschach Test 6. Which could be stressor ? ( )A. Getting married

5、 B. Death of a close friend C. Getting sick D. Getting a promotion 7. Anxiety disorders include ( )A. OCD B. Panic disorder C. Social phobia D. Agoraphobia 8. Personality disorders include ( )A. Paranoid B. Narcissistic C. Antisocial D. Schizoid Personality disorders include ( )A. Paranoid B. Narcis

6、sistic C. Antisocial D. SchizoidA girl wants to eat the cake but is afraid of getting weight, this is ( )A. Approach/approach conflict B. Avoidance/avoidance conflictC. Approach/avoidance conflict D. Double approach/avoidance conflict 9. Which are techniques of psychoanalysis ( )A. Free association

7、B. Insight C. Transference analysis D. Modeling 10. Psychotherapy includes ( )A. Psychoanalysis . Behavior therapies C. Cognitive therapies D. Group therapy A woman was suffering a certain psychological disorder but she didnt know or forgot the process which cause his painful symptoms. According def

8、ense mechanism theory, she used ( ). A. Denial B. Repression C. Projection D. Regression Part 3: Fill in the blanks with appropriate answers (10 points,1 points each）1. Psychotherapies that emphasize changing clientsperceptions of their life situation as a way of modifying their behavior. It 2. is c

9、alled ( ).3. A newborn is usually equipped with a number of useful reflexes which are ( ), ( ) and ( ).4. According to Freud, the clients carrying over to the analyst feelings held toward childhood authority figures is ( ). 5. The most widely used objective personality test, originally intended for

10、psychiatric diagnosis, is called ( ).6. Psychological disorder characterized by episodes of anxiety, sleeplessness, and nightmares resulting from some disturbing past event is ( ).7. Mood disorders include ( ), ( ) and ( ).Part 4: Answer Questions (40 points, 10 points each)1. Please describe Freuds

11、 theory of personality structure. 2. Please describe defense mechanisms.3. Please describe behavior therapies.4. Please describe types of conflict.AnswersPart one: 12. Temperament: Characteristic patterns of emotional reactions and emotional self-regulation.13. Imprinting: The tendency in certain sp

12、ecies to follow the first moving thing (usually its mother) it sees after it is born or hatched.14. Personality: An individuals unique pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persists over time and across situations.15. Stress: A state of psychological tension or strain.16. Bipolar disorde

13、r: A mood disorder in which periods of mania and depression alternate, sometimes with periods of normal mood intervening.17. Anxiety disorders: Disorders in which anxiety is a characteristic feature or the avoidance of anxiety seems to motivate abnormal behavior.18. Psychotherapy: The use of psychol

14、ogical techniques to treat personality and behavior disorders.19. Free association：A psychoanalytic technique that encourages the person to talk without inhibition about whatever thoughts or fantasies come to mind.20. Primacy effects: The fact that early information about someone weighs more heavily

15、 than later information in influencing ones impression of that person.21. Bystander effect: The tendency for an individuals helpfulness in an emergency to decrease as the number of passive bystanders increases.Part two: 1. ABCD 2. ABCD 3. C 4. AB 5. CD 6. ABCD 7.ABCD 8. ABCD 9. ABC 10. BPart three:

16、1. Cognitive therapies2. Rooting reflex Sucking reflex Grasping reflex 3. Transference 4. MMPI5. PTSD 6. Depression Mania Bipolar disorderPart four: 5. Please describe Freuds theory of personality structure. Id: In Freuds theory of personality, the collection of unconscious urges and desires that co

17、ntinually seek expression. Pleasure principle : According to Freud, the way in which the id seeks immediate gratification of an instinct. Ego: Freuds term for the part of the personality that mediates between environmental demands, conscious, and instinctual need; now often used as a synonym for sel

18、f.Reality principle : According to Freud, the way in which the ego seeks to satisfy instinctual demands safely and effectively in the real world. Super ego : According to Freud, the social and parental standards the individual has internalized; the conscious and the ego ideal.6. Please describe defe

19、nse mechanisms.Defense mechanisms: Self-deceptive techniques for reducing stress, including denial, repression, projection, identification, regression, intellectualization, reaction formation, displacement, and sublimation. v Denial: Refusal to acknowledge a painful or threatening reality. v Repress

20、ion: Excluding uncomfortable thoughts, feelings, and desires from consciousness.v Projection: Attributing ones repressed motives, feelings, or wishes to others. v Identification: Taking on the characteristics of someone else to avoid feeling incompetent. v Regression: Reverting to childlike behavior

21、 and defenses. v Intellectualization: Thinking abstractly about stressful problems as a way of detaching oneself from them. v Reaction formation: Expression of exaggerated ideas and emotions that are the opposite of ones repressed beliefs or feelings. v Displacement: Shifting repressed motives and e

22、motions from an orginal object to a substitute object. v Sublimation: Redirection repressed motives and feelings into more socially acceptable channels.7. Please describe behavior therapies.a) Systematic desensitization: A behavioral technique for reducing a persons fear and anxiety by gradually ass

23、ociating a new response with stimuli that have been causing the fear and anxiety. b) Aversive conditioning: Behavioral therapy techniques aimed at eliminating undesirable behavior patterns by teaching the person to associate them with pain and discomfort. c) Behavior contracting: Form of operant conditioning therapy in which the client and therapist set behavioral goals and agree on reinforcements that the client will receive on rea