七选五技巧精编版.doc

1、三元整合导学模式英语学科导学稿编号班级组别姓名座位号主编人：唐海霞审稿人：高三英语备课组编写时间： 2017-03-09一、课型： 阅读课二、学习目标：掌握阅读理解专题之七选五 解题步骤与技巧“”四、学习重点和难点 :理解 “七选五 ”题目旳题目类型及各类解题技巧五、课时安排： 4 课时六、教学步骤：一、命题解读1.考查方式：给出一篇缺少 5 个句子的短文和 7 个选项。要求考生根据文章内容，选出正确的句子填入相应空白处。有两个多余选项。2.考纲解读：主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）3.选材特点：短文一般为 300 词左右的说明文或议论文，其中正文

2、词数 240 左右，选项词数 60 左右。4.设空类型主旨句（标题类，主题句类）过渡性句子（文章结构）细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）二、命题规律及考查趋势：题量分布考点2012 课标2013 课标2014 课标2015 课标2016 课标全国 1全国 1全国 1全国 1全国 1主题句0022过渡句1111细节44221三、解题步骤：（在高考的现场如果考生用大量的时间来彻底读懂文章的意思其实是不现实的，也是没有必要的，我们可以尝试以下四步走。)1. 先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题 ,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。 （一名 (名词 )袋（代词）鼠（数词）很特殊（特殊疑问

3、词），连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点 /标题）悍。）2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。三、细节类题型解题技巧【 EX1 】On the other hand ,the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture,meet n

4、ew friends with whom you can use and practice the language,and chances to see different parts of the world._Those disadvantages include expense,time away from one s school,family,A.The following are its advantages.B.However,there may be a number of disadvantages.C.Consider a distance education.D.Mos

5、t of us are adapted to studying at school.【 EX2 】Dont fear people_. The reason most people dont take risks,or live on the edge is the fearof what others might think of them. If you want to live the life you truly deserve, you must give up the need to be liked by everybody. A. Focus on your own talen

6、ts and strengthsB.Never let others opinions guide your choices.C.Stay fearless in everything you will have to do.【 EX3 】 The scientists say that the human life has changed greatlyOur bodieshave not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses 72 So th

7、ey are called diseases of civilizationMany cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases. A Stone Age people lived a simple life.B But today, we enjoy eating a lot of these.C In that case, they would live much healthier.D Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise.2E

8、These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.F People today probably dont want to live like our ancestors.G Modern people used to suffer from diseases of civilization.Summary: 七选五解题技巧1词汇复现复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派生词复现等。【 EX4 】 Every

9、body gets stressed time to time. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or otherrelatives.72They might have had similar problems such as dealing with atest,

10、 or the death of a beloved pet.A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.C. Different people feel stress in different waysE. You need to figure out what the problem is.F. And dont forget about your friends.Summary: 七选五解题技巧2同范畴词同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此

11、词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。【 EX5 】73They say the first step is to admit that you are angry andto recognize the real cause of the anger,A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.B. He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.C. Anger is a normal emotion t

12、hat we all feel from time to time.【 EX6 】72 .Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper.They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper._73_E. In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling a

13、ngry. G. Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids. Summary: 七选五解题技巧 3： 代词提示英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。3it:单数名词或整个句子；they/them:复数名词；one:单数可数名词；that:不可数名词或句子；this:单数名词或句子；these/those:前句的复数名词。四、过渡类题型解题技巧【 EX7 】_ .Second, your notes

14、are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.A. You must write your notes on separate paper. B. There are three practical note-taking methods.C. First, the simple act of writing something own makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.【 EX8 】As you take notes,you m

15、ay want to use your own shorthand. When youdo be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time._8_A. Use words ,not completed sentence.B. There are three pratical note-taking methods.C. You must write your notes on separate paper.D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read y

16、our notes later.E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.【 EX9 】Finally,you never know what wonderful ideas might strike while your mind has moved slowly away._9_A. At one time daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illness. B. Therefore, its a good idea to kee

17、p a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.Summary：逻辑关系的衔接过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：A, 并列关系： First(ly),Second(ly),.；First, then/next,.；In the first place， in the second place.;for one thing,for another thing ；,.then /next ,finally/last 等。B, 递进关系： too ,also, besides, further ,furt

18、hermore ,moreover ,what s more , inaddition ,as well , to make matters worse ,not .but. ,not only .but also等。C, 解 释 例 证 关 系 ： for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matteroffact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say等D, 因果关系：so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(结果） ,as a result (of),so/such .that .

19、,so that .等E, 转折对比关系： but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而） , still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / comparison 等4F, 概况归纳关系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whol

20、e , to sum up等。五、篇章结构类题解题技巧若考察空为小标题，则根据所在小段落的内容进行总结归纳。注意标题的简洁性！【 EX10 】_1_Telling someonethat you cant remember his name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will feel sympathy if you say, Im working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again?A.If yo

21、u cant remember someones name, you may tell him the truth B. Admit you dont knowC.Recite and repeat namesD.Let others help you remember their names.若考查空非小标题，则根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略1)如果问题在段首通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。2)如果问题在段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如 there

22、fore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, ina word 等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。【 EX11】（ 2010 新课标全国卷）73_When a person is asking a question , show interest and a desire to understand the question by listening and asking for clarification.A.Show your true interest.B.Restate the question

23、with respect .C.Some ideas can be quite concrete.【 EX12 】(2011 辽宁卷）Go for a walk.Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖 ) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical are blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain . _

24、74_A. This can be especially harmful to the aged.B. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading .5C. In other words ,when you take care of your body ,you take care of your brain .备考战略：注重实效 。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注意文章的布局。注意命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词， 同样的名字或同样的日期都在语文或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。注重速度。 进行限时

25、训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。将近几年 高考题进行分析，重点分析结构清晰分明的说明文和议论文。经验一：前瞻后顾，寻找信号词 ，回到选择项中筛选。经验二：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把握。经验三：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络 ,留意文章的起承转合 , 逻辑及结构六、走进高考（ 2016） Secret codes (密码 )keep messagesprivate。 Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by com

26、puter.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后 ) far behind code making. The scienceof creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many ee

27、ls”Spell out the hidden message“Meet me.”38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message“Meet me”would read “13 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phra

28、ses, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, ”bridge“might standfor “meet”and “out”might stand for “me.”The message“bridge out”would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed

29、frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first

30、letters of each word spell it out. F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.6（2015）Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain fro

31、m past experiences, 36 . That isa risk. But you can t be successful when theretrusta lackin relationshipofthat results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix themistake.Unfortunately, we veall been victims of betrayal. Whether we vebeen suffer from, lied to , misled, or ch

32、eated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cantrust anymore, 37. It understandable,but if you re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices beca

33、use you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.39 If you ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. Butthere s a difference between being a victim and living with a“ victim mentalityAt some pointin all of our lives, we ll have our trust tested or violated.You didn

34、 loset “ everything ”Once. trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, it s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth an

35、d forgiveness.Learn to really trust yourself.A. It is putting confidence in someone.B. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.C. Remember that you can expect the best in return.D. They ve been too badly hurt andthey can t bear to let it happen again.E. This knowledge carries over in their attitude to

36、ward their future relationships.F. Seeing the positive side of things doesn meant you reignoring what happened.(2014) The jobs of the future have not been invented, 36 By helping themdevelop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1. CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious. 37Ask kids,“ What ingredients(配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next timethen ”tryandthem out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?72. CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something