summary英语PPT

1、 12021/6/7 What is a summaryWhat is a summary Features of summaryFeatures of summary Uses of summary writing 01 02 03 04 Procedures of writing a summaryProcedures of writing a summary 05 warning 22021/6/7 What is a summary A summsry is a brief restatement of the essential thought of a longer composi

2、tion.It reproduces the theme of the original with as few words as possible. 总结是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单概述。它用最简洁的 语言概括了原文的主题。 32021/6/7 summary 是一种对原始文献 （或文章）的基本内容进行 浓缩的语义连贯的短文，它 以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为 目的，不加主观评论和解释， 但必须简明、确切地表述原 文的重要内容。 论文里的summary是指对该 论文的概括，可以先提出你 在这篇论文中要表达的观点。 然后可以写你在文章各个部 分要表达的分论点。最后总 结一、两句话。 42021/6/

3、7 Features of summary Brevity:omit unnessary details like examples,explanations and other unimportant information.(Length:1/41/3 of the original text.) Objectivity:to contain only the ideas or information of the original.Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. Completeness:to include

4、 all the main and supporting points delivered in your own words in a condensed manner. 52021/6/7 Uses of summary writing 1.Summary writing is a very good exercise for improving reading comprehension. 2.Summary writing is also helpful to composition writing. 3.Summary writing has practical uses. 6202

5、1/6/7 Summary writing example 72021/6/7 1.The key idea: Getting up early/a good habit /of great importance 2.Supporting sentences: a good memory a healthier body a better preparation for the day 3.Conclusion/suggestions: a good habit/benefit a lot 82021/6/7 The passage says getting up early in the m

6、orning is a good habit.It enables us to have a better memory,healthier body and better preparation for the day. 92021/6/7 Reading RevisionWriting Procedures of writing a summary 102021/6/7 Part1 reading Skim and scan the text to identify the topic and to understand how the information has been organ

7、ized. Read carefully ,sentence by sentence. As you read,take brief notes in your own words about the main ideas. 112021/6/7 Part2 Writing Summary writing is an exercise in compression.In writing a summary,you may: 总结时可以采用下列几种小技巧总结时可以采用下列几种小技巧： 1、Omit the details. Only the important points shoud be i

8、ncluded in the summary;all the details that explain the main points can be left out. 删除细节。只保留主要观点。 122021/6/7 2、Reduce the examples. Out of five or six examples given in the original passage one or two may be chosen for the summary；the rest are to be omitted. 选择一至两个例子。原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子，你 只需从中筛选一至二个例子。

9、 3、Eliminate all repetitions. Sometimes a statement is repeated for emphasis.This is not necessary in a summary.Sometimes an idea is repeated in different words.Such a veiled repetition should also be avoided. 避免重复。在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证 说明。但是这在总结中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强 调的重述句。 132021/6/7 4、Compress wordy s

10、entences and change phrases to words. 压缩长的句子 For example “His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.” 可以概括为：“He was very brave in battle.” 142021/6/7 5、You may also make phrases do the work of clauses or sentences. 使用词组代替整句或者从句 For example uBeautiful mountains like Mount T

11、ai,Lushan Moutain,and Yellow Mountain, uwere visited by only a few people in the past. uToday,better wages,holidays with pay,new hotels on those mountains,and better trains and bus services, uhave brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago. Beautiful mountains

12、 like Mount Tai Once visited by only a few people Better wages,paid holidays,new hotels and better communication Today accessible to many people 152021/6/7 Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai Once visited by only a few people Today accessible to many people Better wages,paid holidays,new hotels and b

13、etter communication Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai,once visited by only a few people,are today accessible to many people,thanks to better wages,paid holidays,new hotels and better communication. 162021/6/7 6、Use general words instead of specific words. 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词 “She brought home several Ch

14、inese and English novels,a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks.She intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.” 可以概括为: “She brought home a lot of books to read during the vocation.” 172021/6/7 7、Use the shortest posssible transitions. 使用最短的连接词 8、Write in the third person.

15、 文章中第一人称说的话通常转化为第三人称 182021/6/7 Part3 Revise your draftPart3 Revise your draft 1.Compare it carefully with the original to see that you have included all the important points. 与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了，观点是否与原文 一致 2.If it is too long,further compress it by omitting unnecessary words and phrases or by remo

16、deling sentences. 出现不必要的词汇、短语或者长句子，删除它们 3.Correct all mistakes in spelling,grammar and idiom,and see that it is properly punctuated. 检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误 192021/6/7 Warnings: 1.The summary should be in your own words. 总结应用自己的话完成。 2.The summary should follow the logical order of the original passage. 总结应遵循原文的逻辑顺序。 3.The summa