2020年职称英语考试试题：卫生类(阅读判断题三)

1、2020 年职称英语考试试题：卫生类（阅读判断题三）SmokingSince 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable do

2、ubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of th

3、e body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a m

4、ixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in, all those components from deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus di

5、vides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.练习：1. It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.A. RightB.Wrong C. Not mentioned2. Smoking reduces ones l

6、ife expectancy.A. RightB.Wrong C. Not mentioned3. Smoking may induce lung cancer.A. RightB.Wrong C. Not mentioned4. There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.A. RightB.Wrong C. Not mentioned5. Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokersA. RightB.

7、Wrong C. Not mentioned6. Nicotine is poisonous.A. RightB.Wrong C. Not mentioned7. Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safer.A. RightB.Wrong C. Not mentioned 答案与解析：1. B 。 分析：利用题干中的 hazardous 作为答案线索词，这样直 接在文章中找到包含答案相关词的句子 (Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smok

8、ing is a health hazard. ) ，判断该句的含义 ( 为了确认是否吸烟会造成健康危 害，人们已经实行了大量的研究工作 ) 与问题句的含义不一致。2. A 。 分析：利用该句句意判断该句说法准确，这样答案可能是 准确或没提到。利用题干中的 life expectancy 作为答案线索词，这 样直接在文章中找到包含答案相关词的句子 (Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shorte

9、ned life expectancy.) ，判断该句提到了“吸烟与寿命的缩短相关”，所以判 断问题句的说法准确。3. A 。 分析：利用该句句意判断该句说法准确，这样答案可能是 准确或没提到。利用题干中的 lung cancer 作为答案线索词，这样直 接在文章中找到包含答案相关词的句子 (Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs) 该句提到“绝大部分研究者相信吸

10、烟是造成肺癌的一个重要因素”， 所以可见问题句的说法与原文内容一致。4. C 。分析：利用题干中的 breast cancer 作为答案线索词，没 有在文章中找到包含该答案线索词的句子所以判断问题句的说法为 “没提到”。5. B 。 分析： 利用题干中的黑体词作为答案线索词，这样找到 答案相关句 (Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they

11、 do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.) ，该句说“男性吸烟者得心脏病的概率要比男 性非吸烟者高。 女性吸烟者被认为患心脏病的的可能性要低些，因为 她们吸烟的时候不会把烟深深的吸入肺里”，由此可见问题句中说的 “男性吸烟者因为心脏病而造成的死亡率要比女性吸烟者低”与文章 内容不一致。6. A 。 分析：利用该句句意判断该句说法准确，这样答案可能是 准确或没提到。利用题干中的 Nicotine 作为答案线索词，这样直接在 文章中找到包含答案相关词的句子 (There is also nicotine, whichis powerful poison, and black tar(焦油 ) ，确认该句的说法与原文一致。7. B 。 分析：利用题干中的 Filters 作为答案线索词，这样在文 章中找到直接答案相关句 (Filters and low tar tobacco