宾语从句 (3)

1、英语英语 宾语从句 【名题实战】 1.Can you tell me D？Yang Bo is ill.(2014，辽阳) A.how I can get to the zoo B.what medicine I can take C.if theres an airport D.where I can find a hospital 2.Do you know A a battery for my camera？(2013，葫芦岛) A.where I can buy B.where I could buy C.which I can buy D.which I could buy 3.Co

2、uld you please tell me D？(2015，辽阳) Of course.Ill go to the library. A.what will you do B.how will you do it C.when you will go D.where you will go .Have you asked the teacher B tomorrow morning？(2014，兰州) A.if we needed an umbrella B.when and where we shall meet C.how shall we get there D.what should

3、 we take 5.I dont understand B such a silly question in class yesterday.(2015，广州) A.why did John ask B.why John asked C.why is John asking D.why John asks 【考点梳理】 中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。 高频考向一宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that可以省略。如： We believe(that)he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。 如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或w

4、hether。一 般情况下，二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时， 只能用whether。如： I dont know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。 Sorry，I dont know whether he will come or not.对不起，我不知道他是 否会来。 宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如： Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？ The teacher asked the students what they w

5、ere doing.老师问学生他们正在 做什么。 【例1】Could you say it again？I cant understand you are talking about. A.how B.when C.what D.which 解析：how和when在宾语从句中作状语，而此处宾语从句的引导词在宾 语从句中作talk about的宾语，故排除A、B两项；what“什么”，which“ 哪一个”，由句意“我无法理解你正在谈论什么”可知应选what。 答案：C 【例2】 Could you tell me he came here？ He drove here himself. A.h

6、ow B.why C.when D.whether 解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。how“怎样”，why“为什么”； when“什么时候”；whether“是否”。由答语“他是自己开车来这儿的” 可知问句为“你能告诉我他是怎样来这儿的吗？”。 答案：A 高频考向二宾语从句的时态 宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的 ，一般有下面几种情况： 主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语 动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如： He says he will ask Mr.Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将叫胡先生给 吉姆一些工

7、作。 主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过 去的某一时态。如： She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。 从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一 律使用一般现在时。如： He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。 【例3】 The official said that they a new law to protect the tourists the next year. A.makes B.would make C.made D.have

8、made 解析：主句的谓语动词said是过去式，因此从句也应用过去的某种时 态，由时间状语the next year可知应用过去将来时。 答案：B 【例4】 Can you tell me the prize，Tom？ Last year. A.when you got B.when did you get C.when will you get D.when you will get 解析：宾语从句的语序须是陈述句语序，排除B、C项；由答句last year可知从句的时态为一般过去时。 答案：A 高频考向三宾语从句的语序 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词 主语谓语

9、其他”。如： I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。 注意：有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如： Whats wrong with？ Which is the way to？ What happened to you？ Whats the matter/trouble？ Who studies the hardest in your class？ do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如： Who do you think he is talking with？你认为他

10、正在和谁交谈？ 由do，does，did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do，does ，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如： “Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him. The music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.这个音乐老师想知道 他唱得是否很好。 如果是will，be，have，can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这 些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如： “Will you be free tomorrow？

11、”She asked me. She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲 的。 【例5】 Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you. Thanks.I wonder . A.who the letter was from B.who was from the letter C.who was the letter from D.who from the letter was 解析：宾语从句应用陈述语序，即be动词、助动词和情态动词都应放在 主语后，在此宾语从句中，主语是the letter，

12、谓语was from应放在主语后 ，故排除选项B和C；选项D将from置于主语前，是错误的。句意“嗨，布 鲁斯。这儿有你的一封信。”“谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。” 答案：A 【例6】 Can you tell me this morning？ Sorry，Ive no idea. A.why didnt Daming come to school B.why Daming didnt come to school C.why doesnt Daming come to school D.why Daming doesnt come to school 解析：由this morning可知

13、事情发生在过去，故排除C、D两项；宾语从句 应用陈述句语序。 答案：B 高频考向四宾语从句的否定前移 在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine， suppose等时，如果主句为I或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think ，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如： I dont suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。 【注意】如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如： She thinks she cant arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。 【例7】

14、翻译：我认为明天不会下雨。 I_dont_think_it_will_rain_tomorrow. 高频考向五宾语从句的转化 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope，wish， decide等时，从句可转化为不定式结构。如： I hope that I can see you again. I hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know，remember ，forget，learn等时，从句可转化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如： I dont know what I should say. I dont

15、know what to say.我不知道该说什么。 当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主 句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词不定式” 结构。如： Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall. Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画 。 Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps？ Will you please tell me where to buy s

16、tamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票 ？ 有些宾语从句可转化为复合宾语结构，常用动词find，think，make。如 ： I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait. I think it necessary for us to learn to wait. I find she is a good girl.I find her a good girl. 由what引导的宾语从句可转化为定语从句。如： We did what we could to help you. We did everything (that) we could t

17、o help you. Robert saw what Mr.Smith did. Robert saw everything (that) Mr.Smith did. 【例8】 将下列句子改为简单句。 The teacher told the boy he shouldnt spend too much time playing games. 解析：主句的谓语动词是tell，宾语从句的主语是主句的间接宾语，故从 句可简化为不定式结构：tell sb.not to do sth.。 答案： The_teacher_told_the_boy_not_to_spend_too_much_time_

18、playing_games. 1.I wonder C Kim Soohyun(金秀贤). I think he is really cool.(2015，铁岭) A.why you dont like B.where you have heard of C.what you think of D.when you know about 2.Sichuan food is hotter than Shanghainese food.Thats C.(2014，沈阳) A.what I like it B.what do I like it C.why I like it D.why do I

19、like it 3.The high school entrance exam will be over soon.Could you tell me B the summer holiday？(2014，盘锦) A.where are you going to spend B.how you are going to spend C.where you were going to spend D.how you were going to spend 4.Do you still remember D，Tom？ Last year.(2014，本溪) A.where Sheila went

20、B.how Sheila learned English C.who helped Sheila D.when Sheila got the prize 5.He asked me A at eight oclock yesterday.(2015，锦州) A.what I was doing B.what was I doing C.what I did D.what did I do 6.Could you please tell me D？I want to buy something to eat.(2014， 营口) A.where will the shop open B.when will the shop open C.where the shop will open D.when the shop wil