2018届高考复习语法填空

1、高考专题 语法填空 2018 年5月 解题高招解题高招 1. 通读全文，把握大意。通读全文，把握大意。 既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在 解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一 步非常重要。 2. 结合语境，试填空格。结合语境，试填空格。 读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言 环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺 单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句 子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给 词的正确形式。 如何解题如何解题 考情精分析 v近3年全国卷七套试题的语法填空部分充分体 现了“实词考查为主，虚词考查为辅”的命 题原则。命题形式分为有提示词和无提示词

2、两种。 v1有提示词 v有提示词的语法填空考查了动词的时态、语 态、主谓一致；非谓语动词；形容词和副词 的比较等级；名词的数与格；代词的格；特 殊句式以及词性转换。 v2无提示词 v无提示词的语法填空考查了冠词、介词、代 词、并列连词、从句引导词、助动词以及语 境填词。 有提示词（主要提供实词） v1括号内提供的是动词 难点重点:分析句子结构 v1 Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, _ (destroy) fourteen homes. v2 “I _ (eat) with my wif

3、e and children,” he said, “when we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best _ (climb) out but then I saw that one of my children was _(miss). 3 _ (Build) in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part (in the race). destroying was eating to climb missin

4、g Built 2括号内提供的是形容词或副词 v1 One person was killed, several were _(serious) hurt and taken to hospital, v2 that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _ (clean) than ever. v3 The _ (hard) you work, the _ (luck) you will be . seriously cleaner harderluckier 3括号内提供的是名词 1 .for most of us the

5、 _ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, 2 Just be _ (patience) 3 The _ (excite) in his voice made my day! 4 ,Messi was one of the best _ (play) through his teen years. 5 Much to their _ (disappoint). changes patient excitement players disappointment 无提示词(必须填虚词） v纯空格语法填空题主要是填冠词、

6、介词、代 词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。 根据句子中所填词语的位置，判断所填词语的词性。在使用 介词的时候，往往考查固定搭配，其中包括动词、形容词等与 介词的搭配。 1填介词 v名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时， 其前面一定是填介词。介词可位于名词之前，如at night, on Sunday 等；也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in, be good at 等；还可位于不及物动词 之后，如listen to, arrive at, look for 等。 v1 Messi started playing soccer _ the age of 5 f

7、or a small soccer team . v2 he had a sickness which would prevent him_ growing much taller. v3 I got a place next _ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. at from to 4. Dont worry the letters length. Just express how thankful you are. 5. Its so different Chinese tea. We never add milk. Il

8、l try it. 6. The area around my house was ruins. Every time I visited there it made me deeply sad. 7. He had a hard life any contact with his family for years. 8. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen

9、. about from in without at 2填连词 v若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，或者两个单词 以及短语中间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那 空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。 v连词有两类，一种是并列连词，一种是从属连词。 我们可以根据句子的类型判断所要填的词类。主要 有以下几种句型： (1)并列句：并列句一般由“简单句并列连词简单句”构成， 有时并列连词前有逗号，可以根据上下句的内在联系判断连词， 如同等关系(and)、转折关系(but)、选择关系(or)、因果关系(so) v1 There were many people waiting at the bu

10、s stop, _ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed . v2 There was a way to help him grow more, _his parents did not have enough money to pay for his medical needs. and but (2)状语从句：当确定为状语从句后，就要通过语境理解，判断 上下文的逻辑关系是时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、目的或 其他，最后确定从属连词。 v1 _ Ive a bit of headache, its nothing much. v2

11、 Over time, the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. v3 When I get home from work, I turn on my computer, wait _it boots up completely. Although/Though as/when until (3)名词性从句 v当确定为名词性从句后，可以分析从句是否缺主语、 宾语或表语，如果缺以上成分，一般情况下要使用 what，有时可能使用who/whom或wh

12、ich；如果不缺 以上成分，则考虑句子意思是否完整，完整的句子 可以使用that，意思不完整的则考虑if/whether, where, why, how, because等。 v1 I was in the train sitting opposite a middleaged couple. They were ordinary in every respect, but _ they did touch me deeply.what (4)定语从句 v当确定为定语从句后，首先要看看先行词指人、物、 时间、地点，还是其他，然后判断引导词在从句中 的成分，再根据定语从句的有关规则确定使用哪个

13、 引导词。 v1 Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit _ is driving your family crazy. v2 the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the _ (develop) of chopsticks which / that who development 3填冠词 v名词前面若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、 不定代词等)，很可能是

14、填限定词。 v1 .this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental clean up. v2 while one is being bottlefed, _ other is with mumshe never suspects. v3 Using the Internet can be fun and _ convenient way of shopping and finding out new information, the the a 解题技巧解题技巧 下列情况很可能填下列情况很可能填 ： (1)_+

15、可数名词可数名词(单数单数)； (2)_+形容词形容词+可数名词可数名词(单数单数)。 下列情况下很可能填下列情况下很可能填 ： (1)_ (+定语定语)+名词名词+ of等介词短语等介词短语(表示特表示特 指指)； (2)_ (+定语定语)+名词名词+定语从句定语从句(表示特指表示特指)； (3)_ (+定语定语)+名词名词+不定式短语或分词短不定式短语或分词短 语语(表示特指表示特指)。 不定冠词不定冠词a/an 定冠词定冠词the 1 Hes _ amazing singer, a music video director, a business owner and he 2 One w

16、ay that Americans do this is with _ firm hand shake. 3 This is _ law of Americansof all successful people. 4 hour honest boy _ 8-year-old boy X-ray photo an a the an 4根据固定搭配、典型句型确定动词、 名词、介词等 v固定搭配的短语及习惯用法是属于比较简单 的考点，只要平时注意积累基本上就能答对。 1 He wanted to show his son how the poor lived so he could be thank

17、ful _ his wealth. 2 Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat _ their hands. for with 1 The race gave a great deal of _ (please). 2 It was his ninth year of school and his academic career seemed to be in ruins, so I was full of _ (angry). 3 and

18、viruses, so Im very careful not to give out my _ (person) information. 4 With this the boy got up and walked away, leaving his father sitting on their comfortable sofa, totally _ (speech). pleasure anger personal speechless 考考 查查 内内 容容 词法词法 句法句法 合合 计计 非非 谓谓 语语 动动 词词 动动 词词 时时 态态 冠冠 词词 代代 词词 形形 容容 词词 副副 词词 介介 词词 名名 词词 性性 从从 句句 定定 语语 从从 句句 题题 数数 1 11 11 11 12 22 21 11 11010 题目的形式是语篇 考查重点是