[大学英语考试复习资料]专升本英语模拟20_1

1、大学英语考试复习资料专升本英语模拟20大学英语考试复习资料专升本英语模拟20专升本英语模拟20Part Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question. Then mark your answer by blackening the correspond

2、ing letter on the Answer Sheet. Imagine you are a left-hander. Suddenly everything in the world is changed. The door locks are on the wrong side of doors. The shift gear (变速器) in your car is in the wrong place. Handles on tin openers are on the wrong side and turn the wrong way. Twenty-five million

3、Americans wake up every day in just such a sorry situation. They are one in ten of us who are left-handed and must face the world designed for the right-handed majority. Why we are left or right-handed remains one of the greatest unsolved mysteries of science. We know that nearly two out of three le

4、fties are men and that left-handedness runs in families. According to one study almost half of the children of two left-handed parents will be left-handed. The Scots-Irish family Kerr produced so many left-handers that in 1470 the family built its house stairway with a reverse twist. On the other ha

5、nd, heredity (遗传) alone cannot explain lefties. At least 84 percent of them are born of two right-handed parents. And in 12 percent of twins, one will be right-handed, the other left. Perhaps the greatest puzzle of all is not why some people are left-handed, but rather why so few are. In fact, almos

6、t equal numbers of individuals will favour either the right or the left. However, scientists are trying to set things right and they are beginning to study the many ways left-handers differ from right-handers by considering how their brains work. 1. How many of the Americans are left-handers?A.10%.B

7、.12%.C.50%.D.84%.答案:A本题为细节辨认题。在第二段中提到“They are one in ten of us who are left-handed”(在我们当中，有十分之一是左撇子)2. Among the left handers, _.A.few are menB.most of them are womenC.half of them are menD.two thirds are men答案:D本题为细节辨认题。在第三段中提到“We know that nearly two out of three lefties are men”(我们清楚，近三分之二的左撇子是男

8、性)3. Which of the following is NOT true?A.If both parents are left-handed, about 50% of their children will be so.B.The greater part of left-handers have right-handed parents.C.One in ten of Americans are left-handed.D.Most of us will favor the right.答案:D本题为是非判断题。在第三段中提到“According to one study almos

9、t half of the children of two left-handed parents will be left-handed”(据研究，由于父母都是左撇子，有近一半的孩子会是左撇子。)因此，A 是正确的。在第四段中提到“On the other hand, heredity alone cannot explain lefties. At least 84 percent of them are born of two right-handed parents.”(另一方面，遗传并不能完全解释左撇子现象。在左撇子当中， 84% 以上的人的父母都是右撇子。)因此，B 是正确的。在第

10、二段中提到“They are one in ten of us who are left-handed”(在我们当中，有十分之一是左撇子)因此，C 是正确的。而 D 与第五段中提到的“In fact, almost equal numbers of individuals will favour either the right or the left.”(事实上，喜欢用右手和喜欢用左手的人数几乎相当。)不一致。4. In Paragraph 3, the word runs (Line 2) means _.A.goes fastB.spreads quicklyC.leavesD.deve

11、lops答案:D本题为词义辨别题。根据上下文，可以判断这句话的意思是：“左撇子现象也进入到家庭中。”A 与 B 都有“快”的意思；C 指“离开”，与句意不符合；而 D 表示“发展”。5. Why so few people are left-handed _.A.has nothing to do with heredityB.is not known by scientistsC.has little to do with the working of their brainsD.is that left-handers are mainly twins答案:B本题为细节推断题。在第五段中提

12、到“Perhaps the greatest puzzle of all is not why some people are left-handed, but rather why so few are.”(也许最让人迷惑不解的并不是为什么有些人是左撇子，而是为什么他们的人数这么少。)，“puzzle (迷)”即“not known”。 As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States, researchers have become increasingly interested in i

13、dentifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart attacks. High-fat diets and life in the fast track have long been known to contribute to the high incidence of heart failure. But according to new studies, the list of risk factors may be significantly longer and quite surprising. Heart failur

14、e, for example, appears to have seasonal and temporal patterns. A higher percentage of heart attacks occur in cold weather, and more people experience heart failure on Monday than on any other day of the week. In addition, people are more susceptible to heart attacks in the first few hours after wak

15、ing. Cardiologists first observed this morning phenomenon in the mid-1980, and have since discovered a number of possible causes. An early-morning rise in blood pressure, heart rate, and concentration of heart stimulating hormones, plus a reduction of blood flow to the heart, may all contribute to t

16、he higher incidence of heart attacks between the hours of 8:00 AM and 10:00 AM. In other studies, both birthdays and bachelorhood have been implicated as risk factors. Statistics reveal that heart attack rates increase significantly for both females and males in the few days immediately preceding an

17、d following their birthdays. And unmarried men are more at risk for heart attacks than their married counterparts. Though stress is thought to be linked in some way to all of the aforementioned risk factors, intense research continues in the hope of further comprehending why and how heart failure is

18、 triggered. 6. What does the passage mainly discuss?A.Risk factors in heart attacks.B.Seasonal and temporal patterns of heart attacks.C.Cardiology in the 1980s.D.Diet and stress as factors in heart attacks.答案:A本题为主旨归纳题。文章一开始就点明“As heart disease continues to be the number- one killer in the United St

19、ates, researchers have become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart attacks.”(由于心脏病在美国仍然是第一杀手，研究人员越来越想找出引发心脏病的潜在危险因素。)而第二段说明心脏病发作的季节性和时间性，第三段指出心脏病的发作与过生日和独身生活有关。7. The phrase susceptible to in Para. 2 could best be replaced by _.A.aware ofB.affected byC

20、.accustomedD.prone to答案:D本题为词义辨别题。根据上下文，可以判断这句话的意思是：“另外，在睡醒之后的最初几个小时，心脏病更容易发作。” A 指“意识到”；B 指“受影响”；C 指“习惯于”，与句意都不符合。而 D 表示“易于”。8. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a possible cause of many heart attacks?A.Decreased blood flow to the heart.B.Increased blood pressure.C.Lower heart

21、 rate.D.Increase in hormones.答案:C本题为是非判断题。在第二段中提到“An early-morning rise in blood pressure, heart rate, and concentration of heart stimulating hormones, plus a reduction of blood flow to the heart, may all contribute to the higher incidence of heart attacks between the hours of 8:00 A. M. and l0;00 A

22、. M.”(清早，血压上升，心跳加快，心脏荷尔蒙的聚集，还有流向心脏的血液量减少，这些都会在上午八点到十点之间使心脏病发病机会增加。) A、B、D均是心脏病的发病原因，而 C 与“a rise in heart rate”意思相反。9. Which of the following is NOT cited as a possible risk factor?A.High in cholesterol.B.Conjugal affection.C.Eating fatty foods.D.Being under stress.答案:B本题为是非判断题。在第三段中提到“And unmarried

23、 men are more at risk for heart attacks than their married counterparts.”(此外，未婚男士比已婚男士容易得心脏病。)而选项 B 意思是：夫妻双方的爱是引发心脏病的一个危险因素，其意思正好与文章的意思相反。而根据常识，其他三项胆固醇高、吃油腻的食物、有压力，都有可能引起心脏病的发作。10. Which of the following does the passage infer?A.We now fully understand how risk factors trigger heart attacks.B.We rec

24、ently began to study how risk factors trigger heart attacks.C.We have not identified many risk factors associated with heart attacks.D.We do not fully understand how risk factors trigger heart attacks.答案:D本题为综合推理题。文章最后一句是“intense research continues in the hope of further comprehending why and how he

25、art failure is triggered.”(人们继续进行深入的研究，以进一步弄清楚为什么会引发心力衰竭以及心力衰竭是如何发生的。)也就是说，由于还没有完全了解心脏病的发病原因，人们才继续进行深入的研究。 Today, moving and changing are as much a part of a modern business way of life as they are a part of the native Americans or the early pioneers way of life. And the trend is toward even greater

26、 mobility, particularly within the management sector of American business. In the early fifties, only eight or nine out of a hundred young men changed their jobs within the first three years with the company. In the past few years, almost thirty-five percent of the college-graduated work force chang

27、ed jobs within the same period. These people want to intensify their management training. Since most jobs take only a year to a year and a half to master, in order to continue learning, they have to make a job change. Even company presidents tend to be seen as mobile specialists, staying with one co

28、mpany an average of only five years. Company presidents in the United States today tend to be young men who begin their careers with educational backgrounds in engineering science, or business management. They have worked for a few years as technical specialists and quickly moved into higher managem

29、ent positions. Most of them were making 30 000 per year by the time they reached thirty. On an average, these men have only twenty years working experience at management level when they become company presidents. On the way to the top, they have an average of eleven promotions and seven city transfe

30、rs. Friendships remain casual and are usually derived from business contracts. Families of these career men have little time to put down roots in and become part of a community. In the past, a few men attained high positions through family and social connections; today, high positions go to men who

31、are mobile, and have good educational, backgrounds. 11. According to the passage, an increasing number of future company presidents might be _.A.people who have spent a number of years with one companyB.young people who do not want to move often, but are steady and dependableC.people who have spent

32、a long time concerned with community affairsD.young people who have good education and are willing to move around答案:D本题为细节推断题。在第三段中提到“Company presidents in the United States today tend to be young men who begin their careers with educational backgrounds in engineering science, or business management

33、On the way to the top, they have an average of eeven promotions and seven city transfers”，表明这些年轻人是接受了良好的教育的，他们不仅频繁更换工作，而且经常穿梭于城市之间。在第五段中又提到“today, high positions go to men who are mobile, and have good educational backgrounds.”(现今，那些流动的、受过良好教育的人能得到高职位。)12. What is the chief concern of the young mode

34、m businessman?A.To make 30 000 per year by the time be is thirty.B.Friendships derived from business contracts.C.A long-term commitment of a company.D.Intensive job training.答案:D本题为细节辨认题。在第二段中提到“These people want to intensify their management training.”(这些人想强化管理方面的培训。)13. Which of the following is N

35、OT a quality of young company presidents in the United States?A.Being a part of a community.B.A mobile-oriented life style.C.Good educational backgrounds.D.Technical training.答案:A本题为细节辨认题。在第三段中提到这些年轻的公司领导人不仅接受了良好的教育、做过技术专家，还频繁更换工作的单位和城市，B、C、D 都是正确的。14. Mobility is possible in accumulating working ex

36、perience in that _.A.America can provide countless jobsB.the young businessman carries on the early pioneers way of lifeC.learning of a job does not take too much timeD.it is quite easy for young people to get a job答案:C本题为细节推断题。在第二段中提到“Since most jobs take only a year to a year and a half to master,

37、 in order to continue learning, they have to make a job change.”(对于大多数工作，他们只要花一年到一年半的时间就可以掌握。为了继续学习，他们就要更换工作。)一年到一年半的时间并不算长。15. In the third paragraph, the word background means _.A.stageB.conditionC.experienceD.setting答案:C本题为词义辨别题。“background”并不是一个生词。“educational backgrounds”表示“受教育的情况”。A 表示“阶段”；B 表

38、示“条件”；C 表示“经验，经历”；而 D 表示“环境”，只有“experience”符合句意。 If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big sto

39、res. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear. Changing fashions are nothing m

40、ore than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-line

41、s are lowered or raised, and so on. No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage o

42、f the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes. When

43、 comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their uncha

44、nging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide. 16. Designers and big stores always make moneyA.by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industryB.because they are capable of predicting new fashionsC.by constantly changing the fas

45、hions in womens clothingD.because they attach great importance to quality in womens clothing答案:C本题为细节推断题。在第一段中提到“Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.”(由于时尚的变化，只穿了几次的衣服就被抛在了一边。)衣服只穿了几次就被抛在一边，说明流行的时尚在不断地变化。17. To the writer, the fact that

46、 women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as _.A.a waste of moneyB.a waste of timeC.an expression of tasteD.an expression of creativity答案:B本题为细节辨认题。在第一段中提到“Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have.”(那些无力承受以这种方式丢弃衣物的妇女

47、，在更换衣服的时候，无异于在浪费时间。)18. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _ of clothing.A.costB.appearanceC.comfortD.suitability答案:C本题为细节推断题。在第三段中提到“Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability.”(时尚设计师很少关注像保暖、舒适和耐用这些重要方面。

48、)“rarely”表示“很少、几乎没有”，很明显，作者对时尚设计师的这种忽视持否定态度。19. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A.New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.B.The constant changes in womens clothing reflect their strength of character.C.The fashion industry mak

49、es an important contribution to society.D.Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.答案:A本题为是非判断题。在第二段中提到“Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.”(为了更换那些她们几乎不怎么穿的衣服，许多妇女每年要花大笔的钱。)很明显，时尚的变化让很多爱美的女士不惜花重金购买漂亮的衣服。另外

50、，B、c、D 三个选项均未在文章中提到。20. By saying the conclusion to be drawn are obvious (Para 4, Lines 1 - 2), the writer means that _.A.womens inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed atB.women are better able to put up with discomfortC.men are also exploited greatly by fashion designersD.men are

51、more reasonable in the matter of fashion答案:D本题为细节推断题。在第四段中提到“Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.”(男士很明智，他们不会上时尚设计师的当。)“clever”表明男士在处理服饰问题上是理智的。Part Vocabulary and StructureDirections: Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the one that

52、 best complete the sentence. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.问题:1. To reach a correct conclusion, they had debated the subject _.A.naturallyB.elegantlyC.at lastD.at length答案:D本题为词义辨析题。at length 除了指“最后”之外，还可以表示“充分地；详尽地”，要得到正确的结论，当然需要经过一段较长时间细致的讨论工作；naturally 意为“自然地”；elegantly 意为“优雅地”；而 at l

53、ast 意为“最后”。本句大意为：为了得出正确的结论，他们就这一问题进行了充分而详尽的讨论。问题:2. _, he overlooks an important point: how to teach children to analyze and solve problems.A.UnnecessarilyB.PleasantlyC.AbsolutelyD.Unfortunately答案:D本题为词义辨析题。unfortunately 意为“不幸地”；unnecessarily 意为“不必要地”； pleasantly 意为“愉快地”；而 absolutely 意为“绝对地”。根据上下文，忽

54、视了一个重要方面，是一件不好的事情，因此，不可能是 pleasantly，也不可能是 unnecessarily。本句大意为：不幸的是，他忽视了一个重要方面，即：如何教孩子们分析和解决问题。问题:3. After I paid the money, the shop assistant gave me a _.A.receiptB.receptionC.receiverD.receptor答案:A本题为形近词辨析题。receipt 意为“收据”；reception 意为“接受；接待”；receiver 意为“接收器；接待者”；而 receptor 意为“受体；感觉器官”。本句大意为：我付了钱之

55、后，店员把收据交给我。问题:4. Under this _, we cannot choose but obey him.A.circumstanceB.surroundingC.situationD.environment答案:A本题为近义词辨析题。circumstance 意为“状况；情况”，与 condition 接近，多指影响日常生活的事物，如食物、工作、住房等；surrounding 意为“周围环境”；situation 意为“情形；位置”，指更具有普遍意义的东西，如政府计划、财政等；而 environment 意为“外界环境”。本句大意为：在这种情况下，我们别无选择，只能服从他。问

56、题:5. The situation was _ for a breakthrough that night.A.favourableB.favouriteC.preferableD.applicable答案:A本题为词义辨析题。favourable 意为“有利的”；favourite 意为“最喜爱的”；preferable意为“更好的；更可取的”，后接介词 to；而 applicable 意为“适合的”，后接介词 to。本句大意为：那天晚上的情形对这次突破是有利的。问题:6. Many foreigners in England have considerable difficulty ma

57、king themselves _.A.to understandB.to be understoodC.understoodD.understand答案:C本题为语法结构题。make 有两种固定搭配：一种是 make sb do sth，表示“使某人做某事”，后面不用动词不定式结构 to do sth，而直接用 do sth；另一种是 make sb done，表示“使某人被”，过去分词表示被动，这里也不用动词不定式结构 to be done。本句大意为：许多在英格兰的外国人很难使别人理解他们。问题:7. They failed to pass the exam last time. I regretted _.A.being unable to helpB.to be not able to helpC.being not able to helpD.not be able to help答案:A本题为语法结构题。regret doing sth 表示“后悔做过了某件事”，而 regret to do sth 表示“不想去做某件事”。另外，否定词