四级翻译练习

1、by Jack Fan 四级翻译实践 1中国酒文化中国酒文化 Chinese Wine Culture 中国人在中国人在7000年以前就开始用谷物酿年以前就开始用谷物酿 酒。总的来说，不管是古代还是现代，酒酒。总的来说，不管是古代还是现代，酒 都和中国文化息息相关。长久以来，中国都和中国文化息息相关。长久以来，中国 的酒文化在人们生活中一直扮演着重要的的酒文化在人们生活中一直扮演着重要的 角色。我们的祖先在写诗时以酒助兴，在角色。我们的祖先在写诗时以酒助兴，在 宴会中和亲朋好友敬酒。作为一种文化形宴会中和亲朋好友敬酒。作为一种文化形 式，酒文化也是普通百姓生活中不可分割式，酒文化也是普通百姓生

2、活中不可分割 的部分，比如生日宴会、送别晚宴、婚礼的部分，比如生日宴会、送别晚宴、婚礼 庆典等。庆典等。 Chinese people began to with grains seven thousand years ago. Generally speaking， wine has a close connection with culture in China Chinese wine culture has been playing a quite important role in Chinese peoples life for a long time. Our Chinese a

3、ncestors used wine to enjoy themselves while writing poetry, or to and friends during a feast. Wine culture, as a kind of culture form, is also an part in the life of ordinary Chinese people such as birthday party, , wedding, etc. 2. 中国书法中国书法Chinese Calligraphy 中国书法历史悠久，它不仅是汉字的中国书法历史悠久，它不仅是汉字的 传统书写形

4、式，也是体现自我修养和自我传统书写形式，也是体现自我修养和自我 表达的艺术。作者的内心世界通过美妙的表达的艺术。作者的内心世界通过美妙的 字体得以体现。书法在中国艺术中拥有举字体得以体现。书法在中国艺术中拥有举 足轻重的地位，因为它影响到了其它的中足轻重的地位，因为它影响到了其它的中 国艺术形式，比如古典诗歌、雕塑、传统国艺术形式，比如古典诗歌、雕塑、传统 音乐及舞蹈、建筑及手工艺品。作为传统音乐及舞蹈、建筑及手工艺品。作为传统 的艺术瑰宝，中国书法被全世界人民所喜的艺术瑰宝，中国书法被全世界人民所喜 爱，且越来越受到欢迎。爱，且越来越受到欢迎。 Chinese calligraphy is

5、not only a traditional Chinese characters writing with a long history, but also an art of and self-expression. Inner world of the writer could be reflected with the help of beautiful Chinese script. Chinese calligraphy plays an important role in Chinese art, for it has influenced other Chinese artis

6、tic forms like classical poetry, , traditional music and dance, architecture and . As a treasured artistic form of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy is enjoyed by people throughout the world and is becoming more and more popular. 3.中国山水画中国山水画Landscape Painting 山水画一直以来都被誉为中国绘画的最山水画一直以来都被誉为中国绘画的最 高

7、境界。它品味高端，很受欢迎。一般意义高境界。它品味高端，很受欢迎。一般意义 上，中国山水画被认为是书法、绘画及诗歌上，中国山水画被认为是书法、绘画及诗歌 的结合或延伸。汉语的结合或延伸。汉语“山水山水”这个词由这个词由“山山” 和和“水水”两个汉字组成，且与道教的哲学思两个汉字组成，且与道教的哲学思 想相联系，它强调的是人与自然的和谐。中想相联系，它强调的是人与自然的和谐。中 国画家描绘的并不总是真实的世界，他们呈国画家描绘的并不总是真实的世界，他们呈 现的是自己想象出来的风景，这些风景不再现的是自己想象出来的风景，这些风景不再 只是对眼前世界的描绘，而是画家内在思想只是对眼前世界的描绘，而是

8、画家内在思想 的写照。因此，人们认为欣赏山水画除了可的写照。因此，人们认为欣赏山水画除了可 以很好地了解画家的内心世界之外，还可以以很好地了解画家的内心世界之外，还可以 净化自己的灵魂。净化自己的灵魂。 Landscape painting is traditionally considered as the highest form of Chinese painting styles. It is very popular and is associated with refined scholarly taste. Chinese Landscape painting in genera

9、l is seen as a combination or extension of calligraphy, painting, and poetry. The Chinese term for “landscape” is made up of two characters meaning “mountains and water”. It is linked with the philosophy of Daoism, which emphasizes harmony with the natural world. Chinese artists do not usually paint

10、 real place but imaginary landscape which is no longer about the description of the visible world, but a means of conveying the inner mind. People therefore believe that looking at landscape painting is a good way to realize the artists as well as a way to 4.中国戏曲中国戏曲 Chinese Opera 在中国，戏曲是一种很流行的戏剧形式，

11、一般来说，在中国，戏曲是一种很流行的戏剧形式，一般来说， 可以追溯到唐朝时期，当时的皇帝唐玄宗创立了可以追溯到唐朝时期，当时的皇帝唐玄宗创立了“梨梨 园园”。如今，许多外国人也很喜欢中国的戏曲。最吸引。如今，许多外国人也很喜欢中国的戏曲。最吸引 他们的则是戏曲的独有风格他们的则是戏曲的独有风格画脸谱，它不仅是戏曲中画脸谱，它不仅是戏曲中 的一大亮点，同时还要求独特的绘画技艺。每个演员脸的一大亮点，同时还要求独特的绘画技艺。每个演员脸 上夸张的扮相代表其扮演角色的性格和命运。熟知戏曲上夸张的扮相代表其扮演角色的性格和命运。熟知戏曲 的观众通过观察演员的脸谱和服装就可以知道角色背后的观众通过观察演

12、员的脸谱和服装就可以知道角色背后 的故事。通常，红色脸谱代表忠诚与勇敢的故事。通常，红色脸谱代表忠诚与勇敢;黑色代表凶猛黑色代表凶猛; 黄色和白色代表口是心非黄色和白色代表口是心非;金色和银色代表神秘。金色和银色代表神秘。7对于对于 中国人，特别是老年人，欣赏戏曲是他们的一大乐趣。中国人，特别是老年人，欣赏戏曲是他们的一大乐趣。 Chinese opera is a popular form of drama in China. In general, it dates back to the Tang Dynasty with Emperor Xuanzong, who founded th

13、e . Now Chinese opera is warmly welcomed by many foreign people. What appeals foreigners most might be the distinctive style of facial make-up, which is one of the and requires distinctive techniques of painting. are painted on each performers face to symbolize a characters personality, and fate. Au

14、diences who are familiar with opera can know the story by observing the facial painting as well as the costumes. Generally, a red face represents loyalty and bravery; a black face, rough ; yellow and white faces, ; and golden and silver faces, mystery. For Chinese, especially , to listen to opera is

15、 a real pleasure. 5.京剧京剧 Peking Opera 京剧是中国的一种传统艺术。它是中国京剧是中国的一种传统艺术。它是中国 戏曲的一种，诞生于于戏曲的一种，诞生于于1790年四大徽班年四大徽班 (Four Great Anhui Troupes)入京表演的时入京表演的时 候。候。19世纪中期得到快速发展，到清朝达到世纪中期得到快速发展，到清朝达到 全盛阶段。京剧被看成是中国的文化瑰宝之全盛阶段。京剧被看成是中国的文化瑰宝之 一。虽然它被称为京剧，但是它的起源地却一。虽然它被称为京剧，但是它的起源地却 是中国的安徽省和湖北省。京剧起初是一种是中国的安徽省和湖北省。京剧起初是

16、一种 宫廷表演艺术，而后才慢慢普及到民间。在宫廷表演艺术，而后才慢慢普及到民间。在 数百年前，京剧作为一种新的戏曲形式，无数百年前，京剧作为一种新的戏曲形式，无 论在哪里进行表演，都饱受欢迎。而在现代论在哪里进行表演，都饱受欢迎。而在现代 社会中，包括京剧在内的传统戏曲却不大能社会中，包括京剧在内的传统戏曲却不大能 被年轻人接受，面临着巨大的生存危机。被年轻人接受，面临着巨大的生存危机。 Peking opera is a traditional art in China. It is a kind of Chinese opera which was born when the Four G

17、reat Anhui Troupes came to Beijing in 1790, arose in the mid-19th century and was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty. Peking opera is widely regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China. Although it is called Beijing opera, are in the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei. Peking opera was o

18、riginally staged for the court and . Hundreds of years ago, as a new drama form, wherever it was performed, it would be warmly welcomed. Unfortunately, in the modern world, traditional operas including Peking Opera have to face the because they are not easily accepted by younger generations. 6.昆曲昆曲K

19、unqu Opera 昆曲是中国古老戏曲中的一种，起源于江苏昆曲是中国古老戏曲中的一种，起源于江苏 昆山，拥有昆山，拥有600多年的历史。它是连接过去与现在，多年的历史。它是连接过去与现在， 中国与世界的纽带，对现今中国的戏曲形式，包中国与世界的纽带，对现今中国的戏曲形式，包 括川剧与京剧在内，都产生了重要的影响。括川剧与京剧在内，都产生了重要的影响。 昆曲昆曲 蕴含了各种意象美，从音乐、舞蹈到诗歌，人们蕴含了各种意象美，从音乐、舞蹈到诗歌，人们 的精神世界甚至中国人的灵魂，都有所体现。正的精神世界甚至中国人的灵魂，都有所体现。正 因为如此，昆曲在过去广受欢迎，也成了中国文因为如此，昆曲在过去

20、广受欢迎，也成了中国文 化遗产中最珍贵的部分。但是现在，昆曲不仅面化遗产中最珍贵的部分。但是现在，昆曲不仅面 临着来自大众流行文化的挑战，而且年轻人也对临着来自大众流行文化的挑战，而且年轻人也对 其缺乏兴趣。只有进行适当的保护，昆曲才能拥其缺乏兴趣。只有进行适当的保护，昆曲才能拥 有美好的未来。有美好的未来。 Kunqu Opera, which originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu province, is one of Chinas classical operas with a history of more than 600 years

21、. Kunqu Opera serves as a link between past and present, China and the world. It has exerted a influence on recent forms of opera in China, including the Sichuan and Beijing operas. Kunqu Opera every imaginable beauty, from music and dance, to poetry and peoples spirit world and even very soul of th

22、e Chinese nation, so that Kunqu Opera was so popular in the past and became the most valuable parts of Chinas cultural . But now, Kunqu Opera is facing competition from mass culture and amongst the young. It can only have a bright future when it is protected in a proper way. 7唐诗唐诗Poems of the Tang D

23、ynasty 唐代，是中国古典诗歌的鼎盛时期，在不到唐代，是中国古典诗歌的鼎盛时期，在不到 300年的时间里，涌现出了许多著名的诗人和诗作。年的时间里，涌现出了许多著名的诗人和诗作。 清朝时编辑的全唐诗清朝时编辑的全唐诗(Poems of the Tang Dynasty)已收录已收录2200多位诗人创作的多位诗人创作的48900多首多首 诗歌。这些诗歌让人们深入了解到当时社会生活诗歌。这些诗歌让人们深入了解到当时社会生活 的各个方面。中国人很喜欢唐诗，就连小孩子也的各个方面。中国人很喜欢唐诗，就连小孩子也 能背出几首，如李白的静夜思能背出几首，如李白的静夜思(Thoughts in the

24、Silent Night)，杜甫的春夜喜雨，杜甫的春夜喜雨(Good Rain on a Spring Night)等等。唐诗不仅是中国等等。唐诗不仅是中国 古代文学史上最光辉的一页，而且也是人类文化古代文学史上最光辉的一页，而且也是人类文化 史中的一个奇迹。史中的一个奇迹。 The Tang Dynasty witnessed the peak of Chinese ancient poetry, with many poets and famous works appearing over a period of less than 300 years. Poems of the Tang

25、 Dynasty during the Qing Dynasty has collected more than 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 poets. These poems Chinese people are very fond of Tang poetry, and even children can some from memory, such as Thoughts in the Silent Night by Li Bai, Good Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu, etc. Tang poetry n

26、ot only a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature, but is also a in the history of human culture. 8.长城长城The Great Wall 长城，作为中国的象征之一，不仅是中国的奇长城，作为中国的象征之一，不仅是中国的奇 迹，也是整个世界的奇迹。它始建于春秋战国时期，迹，也是整个世界的奇迹。它始建于春秋战国时期， 秦始皇统一中国后，连结了各段长城以抵御外敌入秦始皇统一中国后，连结了各段长城以抵御外敌入 侵。现存的长城遗迹主要为建于侵。现存的长城遗迹

27、主要为建于14世纪的明长城。世纪的明长城。 长城有着两千多年的历史，于长城有着两千多年的历史，于1987年被联合国教科年被联合国教科 文组织列为世界遗产。现如今，长城仍是世界上最文组织列为世界遗产。现如今，长城仍是世界上最 受欢迎的景点之一。受欢迎的景点之一。 As one of the symbols of China, the Great Wall is a wonder not only to China but also to the whole world. The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period

28、and the Warring States Period. After the unification of China, the first of Qin different sections of the walls to prevent the of the enemies. The present preserved Great Wall of China is the major parts built in the 14th century, called Ming Great Wall. With a long history of more than 2,000 years, the Great Wall of China was listed as in 1987. Until now, the Great Wall i