商业银行个人消费信贷现状、问题及对策研究

1、 设计（论文）专用纸 i 商业银行个人消费信贷现状、问题及对策研究 作者：昆明理工大学应用技术学院 本科 2005 级财务管理专业 姓名：姓名：孔维壮孔维壮 导师：昆明理工大学 姓名：姓名：秦成逊秦成逊 职称：教授 设计（论文）专用纸 ii commercial bank credit for personal consumption status, problems and countermeasures research author：weizhuang kong faculty of applied technology, kunming university of science th

2、e other according to statistics, developed countries in europe, through the automotive consumer credit the number of cars sold in the total sales accounted for 50% -70%, 90% in the united states, while only about 10% of chinas car consumption related to consumer credit. secondly, in recent years the

3、 rapid development of non-public ownership economy, personal financial assets gradually increase the share of its total financial assets in the country rose from 20 in the early 90s to about 40% up to 2001, nearly 70% of the capacity of individual consumer loans subsequent growing. moreover, chinas

4、capital market is not perfect, in accordance with the development experience of western nations, financial asset securitization is the development trend of the future, there will be more listed companies absorbed directly from the social funds, funds of banks has reduced the demand for financing wil

5、l be structural changes in the market, the domestic per capita income although low, but a large population, the overall consumption capacity, and with economic development, social health, unemployment, old-age insurance systems have been gradually perfected, it is the gradual elimination of worry ab

6、out an increased demand for consumer loans personal credit business space will gradually increase. in addition, personal consumer credit in recent years, new running speed significantly faster than the company credit business, personal consumer credit balances in 1999, the proportion of less than 1%

7、, to three years in 2002 to improve the 6 percentage points, from the product life cycle analysis, personal consumer credit business is currently in the formative years, has great potential for development. government guidance. countries to actively stimulate consumption, driving demand for 设计（论文）专用

8、纸 24 cost-effective macroeconomic policies, and has repeatedly cut interest rates to encourage the public consumption, investment and commercial banks to carry out consumer credit business is faced with a more liberal external policy environment. smooth progress of housing reform, monetary housing d

9、istribution system has been gradually implemented, the effective promotion of individual housing and personal loans such as home decoration business development; and increase the prices of motor vehicles since the world trade organization to gradually closer to the peoples spending power, individual

10、s are faced with car credit business a good opportunity for development; education reform, especially reform of the education industry, colleges and universities every year expansion, and promote the investment in education, student loans great potential for business development. the public interest

11、. consumer credit in recent years, public understanding, awareness and participation were rising trend, the national bureau of statistics survey shows that ordinary people in china early in 2000 to understand consumer credit, only 5.3% of the people, and of the same category in 2001 survey reflects

12、the public understanding of consumer credit have more than 90%. china in june 2002 by the social survey of the top ten cities of more than 2000 public survey conducted special: 20% of respondents said that they tried consumer credit, 42% of the respondents said that they intend to try; people consum

13、er credit also desire to increase revenue with a corresponding enhancement. chinas national economy in recent years to nearly 8% of the speed of rapid growth is expected to continue for many years to come is still maintained rapid growth momentum, the population will steadily increase the income, an

14、d the credit will gradually increase consumer interest. the public good credit consumer intentions, a vast reservoir of personal potential for consumer credit. state-owned commercial banks to develop their individual consumer credit business, a strategic choice 设计（论文）专用纸 25 first of all, positioning

15、 in the business should be to consolidate the business of housing loans, personal car loans to expand the focus of business, have a choice to carry out other consumer loan business. has been handled in a variety of personal consumer loans, housing, personal loans are relatively low-risk consumer loa

16、n business, banks should be a steady expansion of the existing market share and, in particular small and medium-sized cities and actively develop township market, the application of positive economic development affordable real estate-based projects, to avoid participation in a number of low market

17、demand, risk, and repeat the construction of high-end residential projects. car loan business, despite the accession to the wto on the prices of motor vehicles will be very short term will cause a substantial price cut for customers, a negative equity business risk, but from a strategic perspective,

18、 the car loans and business with enormous potential supervision will become more standardized, their risk can loan period, the percentage of loans, mortgages controlled manner, in particular, can reduce the risk of mortgage, so that commercial banks should focus on expanding automobile consumption c

19、redit business. in addition, by way of security in the settlement of the premise, should be actively studying the new situation, boldly expand the variety of other consumer credit businesses, a more appropriate time to launch a variety of interoperability of education, tourism and the bulk of the pe

20、rsonal consumption of durable goods credit species. secondly, the positioning in the regional market should focus on market development in economically developed areas, both the central and western regions and small and medium-sized cities or towns in the development of the market. developed regions

21、 as a result of good infrastructure, talent pool parties, the level of advanced technology applications as well as tilt in the investment, the relative benefits and taxation, the economic growth rate, per capita growth rate of financial assets faster, and consumer awareness of the residents credit,

22、mortgage both were strong liquidity. commercial banks operating efficiency of the indicators, such as per capita share of assets, profit per capita, 设计（论文）专用纸 26 the average deposit dots per capita income among the business, developed areas was also generally higher than firms in less developed regi

23、ons, compared to the developed areas of personal consumer credit to expand the overall business efficient, a greater potential. therefore, a more realistic option is for the major developed areas into the surface, focusing on investing more resources into the less developed regions at the same time

24、as the universal type and reserve-type market development, and strive to medium-sized cities and developed in the township holds a competitive advantage and market share. third, the positioning in the customer base should focus on middle-income customer base expansion. middle-income class is the mai

25、n purpose of the loan ahead of consumption, the more concentrated is the housing mortgage loans, housing decoration, automobile consumption, tourism, consumption of large, widely accepted loans, credit lines and a single location, lower risk, easily realizable collateral. at the same time, middle-in

26、come people with a certain degree of economic and quality of the basis of income security, reliability and ability to repay, is expected to form a larger effective demand. and high- income strata of their own capital adequacy, loan purpose is to add value, so the loan amount to income ratio is not h

27、igh, and generally not a long period, mainly in short-term investment, loans, and some, such as automobile consumption, effective demand does not high, but its relatively high single loan amount, may be accompanied by high risk, such as high-end residential apartments, shops and other loans, mortgag

28、es were easy to depreciation of hard cash, so for high-income customer base should be its consumer credit business as a financial management part of adjuvant development. of low-income lending policies, and their repayment ability can expect poor, lack of collateral value, and realized the value of

29、the low number of risk factors, and the community is not yet established an effective credit system and are difficult to find a feasible way of security, the people of repayment sense of low credit. therefore, the current low-income groups should have the option to expand, with the social credit sys

30、tem in the progressive sound and potential of 设计（论文）专用纸 27 this class of loans is also very strong. state-owned commercial banks to develop their individual consumer credit business to explore the marketing strategy product strategy to establish dilated. commercial bank credit to businesses gains a

31、competitive edge, the first product to implement the expansion of efforts to improve product innovation, r on a variety of combinations of existing products, according to the spending power of customers tailor do a variety of personal consumer credit package. personal meaning of the expansion of con

32、sumer credit products in the entire process 设计（论文）专用纸 28 should focus on product maintenance and after-sales service, so that business customers are for convenience, to simplify procedures. minor urban and rural residents to address the psychological differences provide different types of products,

33、metropolitan-type appropriate to develop financial management, value-added category of value-added services, such as to provide information on exchange rates, interest rates, stock market and other relevant information; small towns fitness on the development of a do-based, easy- type value-added con

34、sumer credit products, such as deputy debit, deposit in the ado. the establishment of multi-level marketing strategies. consumer credit business of personal sales in general go through three stages: first, to enable customers to understand and accept the loan of the consumption patterns of consumpti

35、on; second, understand the banks consumer loan business; the third is to allow customers the choice of loans in the bank. consumer credit as a result of the individual operational procedures in relation to the general liability business, the middle is much more complex business, personal consumer cr

36、edit in the public understanding of business there is a passively received from the process take the initiative to understand, so do a good job in the second phase of a more practical significance. the third phase is an important breakthrough in the need to pay attention to strategies and skills, mu

37、st be taken to a deeper, more targeted strategy. - packaged promotions. take full advantage of the convenience of the banks own conditions, to broaden channels and effective marketing. through a variety of multimedia, business vouchers, a variety of summons, the bank site, a variety of documents, us

38、ing the extra space network, to carry out marketing campaign, which is a good publicity, the cost of marketing the way the province. for example: the distribution of bank cards in the statements can be compared against the strength of customer base, accompanied by targeted publicity drive. - joint p

39、romotions. with the establishment of the banking business with the good relations and strengthen cooperation, and enhance the credibility of marketing propaganda. 设计（论文）专用纸 29 for example, with car dealers, real estate, and other merchants to strengthen the joint, so that these commercial tenants to

40、 guide customers directly to the bank for loan business, which is a very effective way of marketing. at the same time as the business may have a number of banks and building relationships, and its intention to be a direct impact on the direction of customer loans. - promotion of non-equilibrium. in

41、large cities, more suitable for the image of planning, advertising and other forms; medium-sized cities and developed for the township to promote direct business; and the vast rural areas is even more suitable for the establishment of interpersonal relationships in order to stabilize the relationshi

42、p between customers, add new customers. therefore, different types of regions, different customer base, should be flexible and adopt different means and methods of marketing. establish the characteristics of distribution strategy. - the main positional warfare. individual consumer credit customers a

43、 higher dependence on the network. marketing outlets for play positional warfare, mainly a number of facilities should be established first-class, high quality of service, business scope of financial supermarkets, the financial supermarket in addition to the humanization, personalization, the qualit

44、y of service, the most important thing is to organic integration of the banking business with financial management, customer service manager, self-service, internet access, query, such as a set of services, even insurance, securities, assessment, business and other units are invited into the office

45、together, so that customers feel that the comfort, convenience and ease . at the same time, the establishment of networks in general the vip room, vip customer window, such as financial centers for higher income groups in the provision of convenient services, to provide differentiated services. in a

46、ddition, it is necessary to focus on business process in the process of cultural and psychological communication, so that customers feel that banks are in the process of not only business, but also to provide them with solutions to the problem. 设计（论文）专用纸 30 - focus on science and technology warfare.

47、 with the credit system and gradually establish and improve the future of electronic distribution channels will gradually replace the physical distribution network of the status of the main channel has become the mainstream of personal consumer loans. therefore, banks are required to allocate suffic

48、ient resources to carry out further development of e-banking, application and improvement of development of on-line banking. at present, we should increase the personal consumer credit in particular business in the electronic banking application, to play its supporting role, for example, although no

49、t in the internet banking, telephone banking directly to apply for loans, but they can turn this way, the repayment or inquiries. -prepared to fight war. in addition to the expansion by the banks themselves, but also can be a positive agent of development banks, brokerage unit, in co-operation to ac

50、hieve a win-win. for example, cooperation and rural credit cooperatives, in the absence of network or network has been spread in areas continue to expand loans, so credit unions on behalf of the management or charge; can be a more adequate proxy some funds but lack of human resources of small and me

51、dium-sized bank personal loan business management; agency can choose to switch loans for the bank to achieve piecemeal; can to the fee or royalty rebate form, so that some real estate agencies, business loans to help customers such as banks introduced. in addition, customer credit also should streng

52、then cooperation with industry to reduce credit risk. establish a flexible pricing strategy. consumer credit business of pricing is a sensitive issue because first, the individual consumer credit business, a stronger policy, interest rates have not been completely liberalized market, the interest ra

53、te floating space; second is a commercial bank the price adjustment would lead to other acts of for market price and the corresponding triggered vicious competition. however, the interest rate market is an inevitable trend, the price war in the near future will be gradually carried out, so the banks

54、 must take the initiative with limited space to take action. 设计（论文）专用纸 31 - explore the intimate circle system. many individual customers interest on consumer loans and high demand, but due to cumbersome procedures, high prices, the additional fees and charges more than the stop are gone. in fact, s

55、ome of the fees that banks do not want to close the project, but by other units or departments indirectly. for example, people have to pay auto loans loan amount equivalent to 5% -7% of the performance bond the cost of insurance premiums, mortgage loans in the collateral to be registered by the rele

56、vant departments to be valid, the registration department the authority to provide for assessment by an assessment of the company (sometimes also designated a direct assessment of the company), and assess the company as much as possible in order to raise the revenue to raise prices, thus increasing

57、the burden on the lender, the customer in order to reduce the burden of loans had to avoid or reduce the loan amount. hence, the banking risk management must be bold to break the old chain and establishing the intimate circle of the pricing and risk prevention system, bold pilot collateral value of

58、the internal assessment system, and actively expand the guarantee of security areas, enhance the banks in the pricing and risk management initiatives the right to reduce the risk assessment and control costs, reduce the burden on borrowers. at the same time, pay attention to strengthening management

59、 and supervision and risk control, to avoid internal fraud, the implementation of aliasing. - explore the let channels. in the eyes of customers, interest rates, insurance premiums, fees are part of the price, in general, medium-sized cities than customer-oriented brand, service quality, lower price

60、 sensitivity, and small cities or towns in a more customer-price factors sensitive; and medium-sized cities on the cost of customer focus is the understanding of rationality, and small cities, towns customer will pay more attention to the calculation of the total cost. therefore, in formulating pric