江苏省镇江市八校2020-2021学年高一英语上学期12月第二次学情调查试题

1、江苏省镇江市八校2020-2021学年高一英语上学期12月第二次学情调查试题江苏省镇江市八校2020-2021学年高一英语上学期12月第二次学情调查试题年级：姓名：33江苏省镇江市2020-2021学年高一英语上学期八校12月第二次学情调查试题 （含解析）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出最佳选项。abecause travel is as much about the journey as the destination, the

2、 right accessories(配件) make a difference to the jet-setters on your gift list.noise-canceling headphonesfew things are more needed by travelers than a quality pair of noise-canceling headphones. the bose noise cancelling wireless bluetooth headphones 700 has 11 levels of noise canceling power so you

3、 can control your environment as needed, and four microphones that pick up and separate your voice so you can still take calls, even in a noisy airport. in addition, it offers one-touch access to google assistant or alexa, and 20 hours of battery life, which should get you almost anywhere in the wor

4、ld on a single charge (充电).purchase: via amazon.com $399multi-purpose jacketsure, jackets are a great way to add a layer of warmth but thats just about any traditional jacket with two front pockets. if the traveler on your list is a techie, he or she will be excited with the baubax bomber jacket 2.0

5、. which has 25 features to ensure everything stays organized and readily available. it comes with built-in neck pillow, travel footrest, eye mask, travel blanket, battery-charger pocket, bottle opener. and 12 pockets to place your tablet, phone, sunglasses and passport. yes, 12.purchase: via baubax.

6、com s238motion-sickness relieftheres a new choice for the traveler who suffers motion sickness. reliefband 1.5, a drug-free wristband (腕带) that uses patented, clinically proven, fda-cleared technology to treat motion sickness. the wristband works by stimulating the nerve at the underside of the wris

7、t with gentle pulses. it works for travel by plane, train, boat, or car, as well as for virtual reality gaming, amusement park rides, and even morning sickness.purchase: via aimazon.com $94.991. whats the extra function of “noise-canceling headphones”?a. its of high quality.b. its noise-free.c. it k

8、eeps a phone call clear.d. it can access google assistant easily.2. compared with ordinary jackets, the advantage of “multi-purpose jacket” lies in_.a. its ability to keep warmb. its up-to-date designc. its ability to store thingsd. its affordable price3. what can we learn about “motion-sickness rel

9、ief”?a. it is a new choice for the traveler.b. its a smart wearable device.c. it can cure any sickness.d. its a newly-invented pill.【答案】1. d 2. c 3. b【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了三种旅行时的配件：消音头戴式耳机、多用途夹克、晕车减轻腕带。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据noise-canceling headphones部分的 “in addition, it offers one-touch access to google assi

10、stant or alexa, and 20 hours of battery life, which should get you almost anywhere in the world on a single charge (充电).此外，它还提供了谷歌assistant或alexa的一键访问，以及20小时的电池续航时间，充一次电就可以让你去世界上几乎任何地方”可知，耳机提供了谷歌助手，故选d。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据multi-purpose jacket部分的 “it comes with built-in neck pillow, travel footrest, eye ma

11、sk, travel blanket, battery-charger pocket, bottle opener. and 12 pockets to place your tablet, phone, sunglasses and passport.内置颈枕、旅行脚踏板、眼罩、旅行毯、电池充电器口袋、开瓶器还有12个口袋用来放你的平板电脑、手机、太阳镜和护照。 ” 可知，多用途夹克和传统的不同在于他有12只口袋来装药片、手机、太阳镜、护照等可知它的不同在于储存东西的能力。故选c项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据motion-sickness relief部分的“reliefband 1.5,

12、 a drug-free wristband (腕带) that uses patented, clinically proven, fda-cleared technology to treat motion sickness. the wristband works by stimulating the nerve at the underside of the wrist with gentle pulses.reliefband 1.5，一款不含药物的腕带，使用经临床验证的专利技术，经fda批准治疗晕动病。腕带的工作原理是通过轻微的脉冲刺激手腕下方的神经。 ”可知，这个物品是通过腕带带

13、在手腕上来进行治疗的装置，故选b。b“baby signing” classes designed to improve language skills actually make little difference to childrens development, according to new research. scholars claimed there was no evidence that the lessons in which babies are taught simple gestures (手势) to communicate their everyday need

14、s enable children to talk quicker than others.in a threeyear study, it was claimed that the method could make mothers more responsive to their childrens behaviors but failed to actually increase babies vocabulary. an active home environment in which parents regularly talk to their children was much

15、more effective, researchers warned. the findings will cast doubt on the movement born in the united states which has proved hugely popular among middleclass parents.baby signing is now a multimillion pound industry, with thousands of mothers and fathers paying for classes, books and dvds. young chil

16、dren are taught simple gestures for words and phrases to communicate their everyday needs, such as “milk” “more” “all gone” “food” and “tired”. it is claimed that the technique brings great benefits, including improving the relationship between mother and child, helping language development and even

17、 increasing a childs intelligence.but research from hertfordshire university has found no evidence that using baby signing helps to improve their language development. the scholars added, “baby signing has become big business and mothers, particularly firsttime mums or less confident parents, feel t

18、he pressure to do it. some even think if i dont do it and everyone else does, i must be a bad mother.”nevertheless, baby signing experts hardly sustained the findings. wendy moat, 45, who has been running baby signing classes for three years, said that the classes encouraged speech development, and

19、may help develop a higher iq. she said, “so many mums say that their children talk so well because they did baby signing when they were babies. parents wouldnt say it if they didnt believe it.”4. which of the following may be the effective way to help sharpen childrens language skills?a. creating an

20、 inactive home environment.b. talking to them as much as possible.c. buying them more books and dvds.d. using simple words and phrases.5. according to the text, which of the following statements is true?a. some new mothers choose baby signing classes just following others.b. baby signing classes hav

21、ent any practical value according to the study.c. taught simple gestures, young children can definitely express their everyday needs.d. baby signing classes have proved hugely popular among parents 6. the underlined word “sustained” in the last paragraph means “_”.a. acquiredb. ignoredc. supportedd.

22、 challenged7. whats the main idea of the text?a. baby signing classes teach children to communicate effectively.b. baby signing classes increase childrens intelligence.c. baby signing classes improve the relationship between mother and child.d. baby signing classes fail to improve childrens language

23、 skills.【答案】4. b 5. a 6. c 7. d【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项最新研究结果为提高语言能力而开设的婴儿手语课程实际上对儿童的语言技能发展几乎没有什么作用。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“an active home environment in which parents regularly talk to their children was much more effective”（一个父母经常和孩子交谈的、氛围活跃的家庭环境会更有效。）可知，尽可能多地和孩子交谈可能更有助于提高儿童的语言技能。故选b项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“som

24、e even think if i dont do it and everyone else does, i must be a bad mother.”（有些人甚至认为“如果我不这样做，而其他人都这么做，我一定是个坏妈妈”。）可知，一些新手妈妈选择婴儿手语课是受他人影响，是一种盲目跟风的行为。故选a项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“wendy moat, 45, who has been running baby signing classes for three years, said that the classes encouraged speech development,

25、 and may help develop a higher iq. she said, “so many mums say that their children talk so well because they did baby signing when they were babies. parents wouldnt say it if they didnt believe it.”可知，45岁的温迪莫特已经上了三年的婴儿手势课，她说这些课程可以促进语言能力的发展，还可能有助于提高智商。她说，“很多妈妈说她们的孩子之所以能说得这么好，是因为她们在婴儿时期就会做婴儿手势。如果父母们不相

26、信，他们也不会这么说”，这说明婴儿手语专家和研究发现形成对立的观点，由此可知画线词词义为“支持”，故选c项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据文章第一段“baby signing classes established to improve language skills actually make little difference to childrens development, according to new research.”（最新研究显示，为提高语言能力而开设的婴儿手语课程实际上对儿童的发展几乎没有什么作用）以及下文的各项研究结果都在围绕这一观点展开可知，本文主旨是：

27、婴儿手语课不能提高儿童的语言技能。故选d项。cnobody likes to fail. it makes people feel embarrassed and discouraged. whats worse, it may cause major professional or personal trouble and lead to negativity. basically, failure is no fun for most people. however, a vast body of research tells us that failure provides us wit

28、h a chance to grow and develop, increases adaptability, and helps protect against anxiety.its hard to change the mindset (心态) of a lifetime. but even if we still cant get over the broken marriage or the failed college entrance examination or the work presentation that went fearfully wrong, it might

29、not be too late for our kids.christy pennison, a professional consultant, says she works with an increasing number of kids and teens who show significant anxiety around a fear of failure. she said, we want to protect our children, and we want them to live happy and meaningful lives, so we frequently

30、 tell them the harm of failure and ask them to avoid failure. the children experiencing internal and sometimes extenal pressure think they shouldnt fail. meanwhile, we always have high expectations of them. so when they dont live up to a certain standard, or things dont go according to the plans, th

31、ey will feel upset and anxious.pennison argues that failures, are often the hidden learning chances that can help people develop positive qualities, like persistence, focus, flexibility, patience, and positive self-image.so what can parents do to help their children embrace (拥抱) failure instead of a

32、voiding it at all costs? pennison suggests directing praise towards the effort, not the result. this allows children to build confidence in themselves, she explains. acknowledging the effort can give children permission to try new things without a fear of failure. and the bigger picture is that the

33、development of the mindset id rather try and fail than not try at all.helps them keep a belief in themselves, and expands their world of possibilities. as pennison points out, we all fail, but how we get up after we fail is what matters.8. what aspect do most people focus on when thinking of failure

34、?a. the great courage to face it.b. the efforts made to handle it.c. unexpected benefits it brings.d. unpleasant side effects it brings.9. what does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?a. bring up the main topic.b. list the challenges in our life.c. add some background information.d. stress the i

35、mportance of the mindset10. what is mainly talked about in the third paragraph?a. the causes of childrens anxiety.b. christy pennisons comments on adolescents.c. the consequences of overprotecting children.d. christy pennisons experience in educating children.11. which of the following advice can he

36、lp parents encourage kids to face failure? praise kids every achievement. make kids embrace a bright mindset. focus on the process of kids effort expand kids knowledge about the world. encourage kids to make new attempts.a. b. c. d. 【答案】8. d 9. a 10. a 11. c【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了失败并不完全是一件坏事，它可以培养人们积极的品质，

37、如坚持和耐心，并阐述了我们应该如何让儿童学会面对失败。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“nobody likes to fail. it makes people feel embarrassed and discouraged.”和“basically, failure is no fun for most people.”可知，没有人喜欢失败，它让人感到尴尬和气馁。基本上，失败对大多数人来说并不是一件有趣的事。由此可推断出，当想到失败时，大多数人会关注它所带来的不愉快的影响，例如，让人感到尴尬和气馁。故选d项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“but even if we

38、still cant get over the broken marriage or the failed college entrance examination or the work presentation that went fearfully wrong, it might not be too late for our kids.”可知，即使我们仍然不能克服生活中的失败带来的恐惧，但对我们的孩子来说可能还不算太晚。根据下文内容可知，下文讲述了父母应该如何鼓励孩子面对失败。由此可推断出，作者想通过第二段的内容来引出文章主题，如何鼓励孩子面对失败。故选a项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。

39、浏览第三段内容，根据第三段关键句“meanwhile, we always have high expectations of them. so when they dont live up to a certain standard, or things dont go according to the plans, they will feel upset and anxious.”可知，我们对孩子总是抱有很高的期望，所以当他们没有达到一定标准，或者事情没有按照计划进行时，他们就会感觉不安和焦虑。由此可推断出，第三段主要是告诉我们儿童焦虑的原因。故选a项。【11题详解】细节理解题。题目需要

40、我们选择哪些建议可以帮助父母鼓励孩子面对失败。根据最后一段关键句“pennison suggests directing praise towards the effort, not the result.”可知，父母的表扬应该指向努力的过程，而不是结果。表述与 focus on the process of kids effort（关注孩子努力的过程）一致。再根据最后一段关键句“and the bigger picture is that the development of the mindset id rather try and fail than not try at all.hel

41、ps them keep a belief in themselves, and expands their world of possibilities.”可知，父母应该发展孩子好的心态，宁愿尝试但失败了，也不要完全不尝试，拓展他们世界里的可能性。表述与 make kids embrace a bright mindset.（让孩子拥有光明的心态）和 encourage kids to make new attempts.（鼓励孩子们做出新的尝试）一致。故选c项。di dont remember the exact date i met marty for the first time. l

42、ike a lot of people who want to get through a checkout line, i found my thoughts on speed, nothing more. the line i was standing in wasnt moving as quickly as i wanted, and i glanced toward the cashier, who was busy receiving money from customers.he was an old man in his sixties. i thought, well, it

43、 probably took him a little longer to get the jobs done. for the next few minutes i watched him. he greeted every customer before he began scanning the goods they were purchasing. sure, his words were the usual, “hows it going?” but he did something differenthe actually listened to people. then he w

44、ould respond to what they had said and talk with them briefly.i thought it was strange, but i guessed i had grown accustomed to people asking me how i was doing simply out of a conversation without thinking. usually, after a while, you dont give any thought to the question and just say something bac

45、k quietly.this old cashier seemed sincere about wanting to know how people were feeling. meanwhile, the high-tech cash register rang up their purchases and he announced what they owed. when customers handed money to him, he pushed the appropriate keys, the cash drawer popped open, and he counted out

46、 their change.then magic happened.he placed the change in his left hand, walked around the counter to the customers, and extended his right hand in an act of friendship. as their hands met, the old cashier looked the customers in the eyes. “i want to thank you for shopping here today,” he told them.

47、 “you have a great day. bye-bye.” the looks on the faces of the customers were priceless.now it was my turn. i glanced down at the name tag on his red waistcoat, the kind experienced wal-mart cashier wore. it read, “marty.”marty told me how much i owed and i handed him some money. the next thing i k

48、new he was standing beside me, offering his right hand and holding my change in his left hand. his kind eyes locked onto mine. smiling, and with a firm handshake.12. while the author in the checkout line, she felt_.a. comfortableb. warmc. impatientd. embarrassed13. in the opinion of the author when

49、people were greeting him, they actually wanted to_.a. show their politenessb. talk about unimportant topicsc. find a person to talk tod. show their happiness to see him14. the author thought marty special because_.a. he spent as much time as possible serving customersb. he was patient with all the q

50、uestions from customersc. he showed particular interest in customers personal lifed. he expressed his sincerity while giving back the change15. what can we infer from the passage?a. many people would possibly become regular customers of marty.b. marty was a talkative man in his daily life.c. the aut

51、hor looked down upon the old in their sixties.d. every customer would be satisfied with martys behaviour.【答案】12. c 13. a 14. d 15. a【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者在沃尔玛超市排队结账的一次经历，收银员是一位善良的老人，他与顾客交谈，并给予顾客尊敬、关怀与祝福。【12题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“like a lot of people who want to get through a checkout line, i found my though

52、ts on speed, nothing more. the line i was standing in wasnt moving as quickly as i wanted, and i glanced toward the cashier, who was busy receiving money from customers.”（像很多想通过收银台排队的人一样，我满脑子都是对速度的想法。我站的队伍没有按我想的那样快，我朝收银台看了一眼，他正忙着收顾客的钱。），可知作者站着的队伍没有按作者想要的速度移动，他瞥了一眼收银员，他正忙着收顾客的钱，从常识可知，作者在排队中前面结账的速度很慢，

53、他是不耐烦的。故选c项。【13题详解】推理判断题。由第三段“i thought it was strange, but i guessed i had grown accustomed to people asking me how i was doing simply out of a conversation without thinking. usually, after a while, you dont give any thought to the question and just say something back quietly.”（我觉得这很奇怪，但我想我已经习惯了人们不

54、加思考地在交谈中问我怎么样了。通常，过了一段时间，你根本不去想这个问题，只是静静地说些什么。），可知作者已经习惯了人们不加思考地在交谈中问他怎么样了，在作者看来，问最近怎么样只是出于礼貌的客套话，没有必要去回答。故选a项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由第六段“he placed the change in his left hand, walked around the counter to the customers, and extended his right hand in an act of friendship. as their hands met, the old cashier

55、 looked the customers in the eyes. “i want to thank you for shopping here today,” he told them. “you have a great day. bye-bye.” the looks on the faces of the customers were priceless.”（他把零钱放在左手里，绕着柜台走到顾客面前，伸出右手表示友好。当他们的手相遇时，老收银员看着顾客的眼睛。“我要感谢你今天在这里购物，”他告诉他们。“祝你今天过得愉快。再见。”顾客脸上的表情是无价的。），可知那个老收银员向顾客伸出右

56、手表示友好，并且看着顾客的眼睛“我要感谢你们今天来这里购物，祝你今天过得很愉快。再见。”，可推断出他向顾客表示诚意。故选d项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由第六段“he placed the change in his left hand, walked around the counter to the customers, and extended his right hand in an act of friendship. as their hands met, the old cashier looked the customers in the eyes. “i want to th

57、ank you for shopping here today,” he told them. “you have a great day. bye-bye.” the looks on the faces of the customers were priceless.”（他把零钱放在左手里，绕着柜台走到顾客面前，伸出右手表示友好。当他们的手相遇时，老收银员看着顾客的眼睛。“我要感谢你今天在这里购物，”他告诉他们。“祝你今天过得愉快。再见。”顾客脸上的表情是无价的。），可知这个老收银员的真诚与关怀，顾客是感到无价的，所以会有越来越多的人成为他的常客，b在原文中体现不明显，c完全错误，d ev

58、ery过于绝对。故选a项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。most people hate change, which is sad since we often go through intense change in life. _16_ so the question is: why do most of us find making adjustments to our lives so hard?why we dislike changefear of change is nothing new. over a century ago, the