The Strategies of Leadin in Middle School English Class毕业论文

1、【标题】the strategies of lead-in in middle school english class 【作者】杨真霞 【关键词】导入；策略；重要性；原则；问题 【指导老师】鲁晓权 【专业】英语 【正文】i. introductiona. definition of lead-in in middle school english classlead-in of teaching is that according to the teaching goals and curriculum, teachers use a variety of teaching media an

2、d teaching methods, clarifying learning objectives and requirements, to focus the students attention, stimulate students interest in learning, open the students thinking, triggering learning motivation. it always occurs before the introduction of new teaching contents.educator said:“lead-in is that

3、a teacher designs a step to lead in the new teaching content before the start of bringing students into the learning behavior.” it is the whole teaching and learning activities in warm-up activities, designed to give students access to the best condition for the classroom learning in the shortest ti

4、me. the success of lead-in directly relates to the whole teaching effectiveness. suitable lead-in allows students to get ready to learn psychologically and intellectually, so that the students can enter a good state, stimulate students interest and desire for knowledge, and thus concentrate on learn

5、ing new content.b. importance of lead-in in middle school english classlead-in is not only the beginning of a lesson, but also the beginning of teachers teaching activities. it directly affects the entire class of teachers teaching effect, and also has a direct impact on the entire class efficiency

6、of students listening to the class. it may not only mobilize and improve students interest in learning, but also make the classroom atmosphere live. it exercises the students speaking, and also inspires the students to use english way of thinking. therefore, the success of lead-in directly relates t

7、o the students learning effect.a new smart lead-in has a great significance on fostering the students interest in learning and stimulating students learning initiative, autonomy, and the creation of a harmonious teaching and learning situation.c. purposes of lead-in in middle school english classfir

8、stly, it should arouse the students passion and interest. in psychologically, the students in teens are always curious about new things. curiosity is the first motivation to learn language. as an english teacher, this is the first good chance to grasp students interest and desire to learn english. s

9、o a successful lead-in means a half success of your class.secondly, it should get the students to know some information or background about the text. an important goal for the lead-in is to get the students to know some information connected with the new lesson. this can help students grasp the spir

10、it of the text and understand it better.thirdly, it should materialize the teachers own value. students are clever. they are sharp at teachers behavior. its very clear for them to know if the teachers really know well about the topic of the text just from the lead-in. in their eyes, lead-in in middl

11、e school english class is also an examination of the teachers knowledge and ability.ii. problems of lead-in in the present middle school english classa. the problem on timesubject to a number of teaching research papers and books on traditional teaching, many teachers think that lead-in should be co

12、ntrolled in five minutes. the author thinks this is an error in time. five minutes is not enough to carry out any discussion of a topic, but also not enough to cause students interest and enthusiasm in learning english. chinese students originally lack the language environment of learning english. i

13、f english teacher still behaves in highly scripted, students will lose the last window to learn english national culture. the actual teaching process can be closely interlinked and should not supply the related content of english culture in the middle of the course. so we can say that lead-in is gre

14、en space on which the students can breathe the fresh air. preparation may quicken the workers. the teachers can adjust the time of this part according to their own actual situation. only if the students have the motivation and interest in learning english, is the teaching able to be effective. for a

15、 successful and effective teaching in english class, the lead-in, presentation, understanding, consolidation and the end constitute a whole part and they are indispensable. the timing also should be controlled rationally, but we should not spend too much time for the lead-in in english class, to avo

16、id affecting the entire lessons process. after all, the purpose of the lead-in is to find ways of making students quickly focus attention into the classroom, and arouse their strong desire to learn, create a pleasant learning atmosphere, so that they are willing to learn. if the teacher excessively

17、catches this part, it only will be a waste of time for the main part of teaching, resulting in a bit top-heavy results.b. the problem on contentmany teachers feel that lead-in should be the right remedy, and the content unrelated to the text can not become the content of lead-in. the author believes

18、 relevance and irrelevance is a relative issue. middle school students are the groups which have the most active mind. if the content of lead-in is always platitude, it can not stimulate students interest in learning, nor to provide them with information that can be absorbed. that will not be able t

19、o play into proper artistic effect. moreover, the materials used by middle school english teachers exist age-old questions in knowledge and information. if only the lead-in is designed closely to the theme of textbooks, the teachers themselves will feel dull.the successful and effective lead-in of c

20、lassroom teaching must be closely linked to the theme and core, and must be targeted and focused. the scope of discussion about the theme and topic should not be too large, otherwise that will make the lessons center unclear, and unable to arouse the attention of the students. therefore, the content

21、 of the lead-in must be refined selection. dont insist on lead-in in order to have lead-in.the purpose of the classroom lead-in is to activate, inspire the students passion and introduce the knowledge, background and teaching purposes. so the teacher should pay attention to the difficulty of the con

22、tent of lead-in and the english used can not be too difficult. if necessary, the teacher can use the chinese language to help students understand, to shorten the time on lead-in.c. the problem on methodwith the popularity of teaching multimedia, many schools have the conditions for multi-media teach

23、ing. traditional teaching model is considered backward and outdated. multimedia in the lead-in process is intuitive and can play a lively effect, but that does not mean that traditional ways are undesirable. sometimes the traditional modes of teaching are more human and easier to communicate between

24、 the teachers and the students. when we use the multi-media teaching methods, we still should be able to effectively combine traditional teaching methods, and make the two methods complementary each other to complete successfully the part of the lead-in.for different teaching contents and teaching p

25、urposes, as well as the different characteristic students and classes, if the teachers always use several old-fashioned ways of lead-in, it will make students feel dull, and unable to get the same teaching effect. lead-in should be varied because of the different people, place and time, according to

26、 the actual situation in a flexible manner. therefore, we should remember that the way of lead-in is not fixed, and should not be applied mechanically.for some middle school in village, some teachers do not attach importance to lead-in and directly go to the theme at the beginning of the class. they

27、 still do not know that if the students also stay in the excitement with the other students laughing and playing at the beginning of the class. if the teacher immediately enters a new teaching content, the effect will not be desirable. lead-in is to get the students attention back to the classroom,

28、so that they can get ready to learn, and actively participate into the english teaching activity.some teachers make the lead-in as a mere formality and just casually say a few words. this lead-in is like warm water, and tasteless. every step in the class is interlocking. well-designed lead-in should

29、 summary the knowledge point of the last lesson and at the same time penetrates the focus on teaching a new lesson, and fully reflect the continuity of knowledge. therefore, although the time of lead-in has only a few minutes, the teachers also need careful preparation and design.iii. characteristic

30、s and principles of lead-in in middle school english classa. characteristics of lead-in in middle school english classin an english class, the lead-in should be the first step. the saying goes:“a good start is a half of the success.”1 if the teacher would like to get good effect in english teaching,

31、 he must pay special attention to lead-in.therefore, there are some characteristics of lead-in in middle school english class.1. pertinencein class lead-in, the teacher should pay attention to the pertinence. according to the different teaching contents and students, the teacher should design differ

32、ent ways of lead-in. but the premise is to raise the attention of the students and make clear the purpose of classroom teaching. of course, dont lead in just only for lead-in. lead-in aims at mobilizing the enthusiasm of the students, and highlighting in the main teaching content, making clear the p

33、urpose of classroom teaching, and preparing for the new class.2. enlightenmentclass lead-in should pay attention to enlightening. modern educational theory suggests that the students are the subjects of learning. in the teaching process, teachers should fully develop the students initiative and enth

34、usiasm in the learning process, inspire the students thinking, and create a relaxed and harmonious learning atmosphere for students to make the students become the masters of learning. for middle school students, they show a strong performance in a certain capacity. in the class teaching, the teache

35、r can make the way of asking questions, talking freely, discussing as the lead-in of classroom teaching. in this way, it can inspire the students thinking, and also develop the language speaking skills of students.3. intuitivenessclass lead-in should pay attention to intuitiveness. psychological pra

36、ctice has proved that if the memorizing material can be directly manipulated or become targets of the activity, the effect of memorizing will be better. at present, chinese students learn english in a lack of language environment. so the teachers should make full use of the existing condition of tea

37、ching facilities, the use of textbooks, teaching materials, and create an environment which is favorable for language learning as much as possible.in english teaching on weekdays, in order to allow students to learn actively and lively, the teacher can use an intuitive way, namely the adoption of sp

38、ecific objects, pictures, stick figures, photographs, slides, sound recordings, video, vcd and other means. an intuitive means can be clearer than the verbal descriptions and make it easier to arouse the curiosity of students.4. noveltyclass lead-in should pay attention to novelty. now the students

39、can easily absorb the new things and new information. they have a curious sense of new things, and eager to find out. therefore, the new and creative information can more attract students interest. the more novel the materials, the more people concerned. the more close to student life, the students

40、will be more interested in participating in the class, and the results will be better.5. interestclass lead-in should pay attention to the interest. suhomlinski said:“the start of teaching point firstly is to stimulate the students interest and aspirations in learning.”2 from psychological perspecti

41、ve, interest is a good mood which is generated in the process of learning about the things. this mental state will encourage learners to actively seek knowledge and find out the things, ways and means, and demonstrate a strong sense of responsibility and strong spirit of inquiry. therefore if class

42、lead-in is full of interest, the students will be studying as a kind of spiritual enjoyment, and thus can be more consciously active in learning.6. diversitythe methods of teaching lead-in are diverse, but we are also facing the different teaching subjects who are different levels in their learning,

43、 so the teacher should design the kinds of lead-in according to the actual situation in a flexible use. but as long as the method of work is able to stimulate students interest and curiosity, expand students thinking, mobilize the enthusiasm of students, it should be regarded as validity.the old say

44、ing says:“learn the new things from reviewing.”3 it is the most commonly used method that leads the new lesson from the relevant content of the old class.by using the form of questions closely related to the new lesson, from simple to difficult, from thin to deep, the teacher uses one or a few issue

45、s to spark out of the students thinking naturally and smoothly. and the students accept the new lesson happily. and the transition is also very natural. this approach allows students to consolidate what they had learned, easy to logically link the old and new knowledge to facilitate the teaching of

46、teachers to carry out step by step.b. principles of lead-in in middle school english classthe development of anything is dominated by specific regulations. the various steps of english teaching are also dominated by their own principles. the following are some principles of lead-in.1. relating to th

47、e content of the new lesson and the students real lifelead-in is the important step in the entire classroom teaching and by no means exists in isolation. lead-in must be served for the whole class. when the teachers in designing lead-in can not be open-ended, but are sure to organically combine the

48、way and the content of the lead-in with the content of the new lesson.the teacher should select some practical details or well-known knowledge areas linked to the lessons learned, and then give their own views. the lead-in can not only be accepted and welcomed by the students, but also give smoothly

49、 the introduction of relevant lessons to learn.2. controlling the timefor the entire system of the english class, the lead-in is not and can not be the main body, and it is just only a prelude. so the time of lead-in should be moderately allocated, not be overwhelming and should be normally controll

50、ed within 3 to 5 minutes. however, lead-in should be given in rational time according to the different content of the lesson and the different students.3. improving the english teachers professional qualityalthough lead-in is only a small part in the teaching process, it can also reflect the quality

51、 of teachers. teachers must be familiar with the system and content of teaching materials, and fully understand the students current situation of mastering the knowledge. and they need a broad range of knowledge and creative thinking. the teachers have a strong ability to manage the classroom as wel

52、l as the ability to act according to the different circumstances; teachers must have strong ability of english expression and a certain performance skills, in order to make good use of the story into law. the teachers should adapt to the requirements of modernization of education, master multimedia

53、computers, the internet and other application of modern ways of teaching.in short, english teachers should adapt to the requirements of the times, improve their own quality in more aspects in order to design a spectacular and attractive lead-in, and can manage this step and even serve for the main p

54、rocess of teaching.4. meeting the students age characteristics and psychological characteristics“interest is the best teacher.”4 in order to stimulate the students enthusiasm and desire for knowledge, teachers must proceed from the students interest depending on their age and psychological character

55、istics, to select the ways and materials which interest them.according to the variability and diversification of method, the teacher can design out of the ever-changing and colorful lead-in, just like one bright spot to light the whole 45 minutes of classroom and more like fire seed to light the stu

56、dents thirst for knowledge.5. serving for the main part of the lessonthe purpose of lead-in is to lead in the main part of the lesson through various novel, intuitive and interesting activities to activate the classroom atmosphere so that the students learn english unconsciously and generate a stron

57、g interest in learning and the desire for knowledge. however, teachers had better not design much too fancy lead-in, and the time should not be too long(usually 5 minutes or so), but also we should pay attention to the consistency of its style and class in order to properly serve for the main part o

58、f the class. and the lead-in should not be designed overwhelmingly.iv. strategies of lead-in in middle school english classa. strategies of lead-in of listening lesson in middle school english classpre-listening activities should aim to motivate students, to activate their prior knowledge, and to te

59、ach key words or key structures to the students before listening begins so that students are effectively, thematically and linguistically prepared for the listening task. the following are some pre-listening activities.1. predictingresearch in listening has shown that good listeners are good predictors. by helping our students become better predictors, we are helping them become better listeners. there are many different activities that can be used to encoura