人教版英语八年级上册第三单元Unit3知识点讲练(1)

1、八年级上册 unit 3section a page 171. 两个事物进行比较可以用形容词或副词的比较级表达：(1) a + be+ 形容词比较级+ than +b (a 比 b 更 )jane is taller than kate.(2) a + 动词+ 副词比较级+ than +b (a 比 b 更 )jane runs faster than kate.2. 形容词的比较级的构成。(1) 比较级一般在形容词后加_, 如：talltaller, shortshorter, oldolder(1) 以辅音字母+y 结尾的双音节词，应该 _, 如：funnyfunnier, heavyhe

2、avier. 单音节词除外，如: shy shyer(1) 如 果 只 有 一 个 元 音 字 母 ， 并 且 后 有 一 个 辅 音 字 母 结 尾 ， 应 该 _, 如：bigbigger, thinthinner(2) 多 音 节 词 的 比 较 级 ， 应 该 _, 如 ： outgoingmore outgoing, beautifulmore beautiful(1) 不规则词的变化需要死记：good/well-_; bad/ill-_, many/much-_;little-_; far-_3. (1) both.and. 表“两者都”，连接两个主语时视为复数。如：both yo

3、u or i _ right. ( be ) 你和我都是对的(2) either.or表“要么要么”，连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵守就近原则。如： either you or i _ right. ( be ) 要么你要么我是对的4. both 表“两者都”，all 表“多者都”题：_ of my parents are teachers. we are _ in china.5. play the drums 打鼓 （乐器前要加 the，drum 要用复数，架子鼓不止一个）6. heavy (1)重的 (2) 胖的，同义词为 fat，反义词为 thin.7. 反义疑问句：前面是陈述句，用来表达

4、自己的观点，后面反问对方以证实自己的观点。 基本规律为前肯后否，前否后肯。后面的附加疑问句的构成与改一般疑问句的方法相同。 如： he isnt a teacher, _ ? she can dance, _ ? he likes english, _？(1)反义疑问句的回答根据事实用 yes 或 no 来回答，但前否后肯的很容易出错，可改成 一般疑问句或前肯后否再作回答。如;he cant sing, _ ? ( 如果他能，怎么回答)- _(2) this, that 和表物的不定代词做主语，用 it 代替；表人的不定代词用 they 来代替。 something is wrong, _ ?

5、 everyone likes english, _ ?(2) 反意疑问句的陈述部分带有 little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部 分用肯定式。如： there is litter water in the cup , _ ?(3) 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由 un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈 述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：your father is unhappy, _ ?(5)反意疑问句的陈述部分为 i dont think+ that 从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动 词和

6、主语仍与 that 从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：i dont think that you can do it, _? （不用 do i?）(6)陈述部分为 lets时，因为此句型用来提建议，所以问句部分习惯上用 shall we?第 1 页如： lets go home together, shall we?(7)陈述部分为 let us时，问句部分习惯上用 will you?形式。如：let us stop to rest, will you?(8)陈述部分为祈使句，问句部分可以用 will you 和 wont you。please open the window, wont you?

7、(肯定祈使句有时也可以用 will you?提问) dont make any noise, will you? （否定祈使句只能用 will you ?）section a page 181. 形容词和副词(1) 形容词常译为“.的”。常放名词前，修饰名词，如：a good boy 也可以放系动词 后做表语，用来描述主语是怎么样的。如：the boy is good.(2) 副词常译为“地”。 常放动词后，修饰动词，表“怎样地做某事”，很多副词以 ly 结 尾，如 do well；run fast；get up early；talk loudly；speak quietly.2. 以 ly

8、结尾的副词和形容词，一般前面加 more 构成比较级，但 early 和 friendly 例外。如： loudly more loudly，quietly more quietly，early earlier，friendly friendlier3. 同级比较：表两事物是一样的，形容词和副词用原形。(1)a +be +as +形容词原形 + as +b ( a 和 b 是一样地)jane is as tall as kate.(2)a +动词+as +副词原形 + as +b ( a 和 b 做某事一样地)tara works as hard as tina.(3) not asas =

9、not soas 表“不如.”, 常可以与比较级转换。如：jane is not as/so tall as kate. (jane 不如 kate 高。)= kate is taller than jane. (kate 比 jane 更高)3. the singing competition 唱歌比赛4. fantastic = great 好极了的 it was fantastic/ great5. which 用来问“哪一个”，回答常用“the + 名词+描述性短语”，如：_ one was lisa ? - the one with shorter hair. ( a. who b.

10、 which c. what )6. win ( won )赢，后接比赛、名词、奖品做宾语，如：he won the game. he won the first place.7. 不定式可以放 be 动词后做表语，表“.是去做某事”，如the most important thing is to learn something new. 最重要的事是去学新的东西。their dream is _ a bridge. ( have )my job was _ chickens. (feed)8. learn something new 学习新的东西 （形容词放不定代词后）9. have fun

11、 = enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心，过得愉快have fun doing sth. 在做某事中过得愉快 we have fun _ english. ( learn )section a page 191. 比较级的几种特殊用法：(1) “比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +多音节词”表示“越来越”如： warmer and warmer more and more beautiful.(2) “the +比较级+句子, the+比较级+句子”，表示“越，越”。the more we get together, the

12、 happier well be. 我们越多的在一起，我们就越快乐。 (3) 修饰比较级的词有：a little, much, a lot, rather, even 等，不能用 very 修饰比较级he is _ taller than me. ( a. a few b. a little c. very d. many )(4) 两个相同对象进行比较，为了避免重复，常用 that 来代替前面的单数比较对象，用第 2 页those 来代替前面的复数比较对象。the weather in beijing is much colder than that in hubei. （that=the

13、weather）the trees are greener in the country are much greener than _in the city.(5) less 与 more 的转换：math is less interesting than english. (趣味性更少些)= english is _interesting than math.(6) 在比较级中，the other 后接复数名词，表“其它的一些”；any other 后接单数名词， 表“任何其它的一个”。如： im louder than the other _ in my class. (kid) i m

14、 taller than any other _ in my class. (student)(7) the + 比较级+of the two. (the 用来特指“比较的那一个”)he is _ _ of the two. ( tall )2. hard-working 勤奋的； work hard 努力地工作；hard work 辛苦的工作he is_, he has to do some _，but he _.section b page 201. be talented in 在某方面有天赋 she is talented in music.2. do the same things

15、as me 跟我做相同的事3. true 形容词，真实的；truly 副词，真地，truth 名词，事实thats_. he _ cares about me. tell me the _.4. care about 关心，在乎 nobody cares about me.take care of = care for = look after 照顾 i can take care of myself.5. 使令动词有：make, let, have，它们都可以表“使、让某人做某事”，使令动词后接动词原 形，即：make/ let/ have sb do sth. 如： it makes me

16、 _ . (laugh)let me _ you. (help) he had her _ there. ( go )6. laugh at 嘲笑某人 its not good to laugh at others.section b page 211. be like 像；look like 看起来像（强调外表）the teacher _ my mother to me.2. be serious about 对是严肃认真的 i m serious about that.3. do sth. together 一起做某事 we enjoy studying together.4. 句型：it

17、s + 形容词+ （for sb.）+ to do sth. 表“（对于某人来说）去做某事是的”。 its not easy for me _friends. ( make) its not necessary to be the same.【总结】it 是形式主语，它代替后面的不定式短语。5. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友 i want to make friends with you.6. as long as 只要 as long as you study hard, youll get good grades.7. be the same as “与一样”，

18、be similar to “与相似”，be different from “与不同”题：his eating habits arent the same as mine. = her eating habits are 8. bring out the best in me 我最好的方面表现出来9. be/get good at 擅长，be better at 更擅长，get better at 变得更擅长 im getting better at tennis. (我正慢慢变得更擅长网球)mine.10. get good grades 取得好成绩， get better grades 取得更好的成绩11. should 表“应该”，是一个情态动词，所以后接动词原形。he should _ hard. (study) 12. in fact 事实上 in fact, shes funnier than anyone i know.13. talk with/ to 和某人交谈；talk about 谈论；talk with sb. about sth. 和某人谈论有关某事物 14. share sth. with sb