妇产科英文翻译

1、BOX 22-1hormone荷尔蒙，激素 through the portal system门脉系统 to the anterior 较早的，以前的 pituitary垂体 system. Secretion 分泌,分泌物，分泌作用 of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)促卵泡激素 by the anteriorlobe裂片，凸起部，突齿，叶片of thepituitary gland stimulates growth offollicles 滤泡.Most follicles die, leaving one to mature into a larg

2、e graafian follicle 成熟卵泡.Estrogen 雌激素 produced by the follicle stimulates increased secretions of luteinizing hormone (LH)促黄体生成素 by the anteriorlobe of the pituitary gland. The follicle ruptures and releases anovum卵,卵子 into the peritoneal cavity 腹腔.Luteal Phase 黄体期The luteal phase begins with ovulat

3、ion 排卵；产卵作用.Body temperature drops and then rises by 0.5 to 1 Faround the time of ovulation.Corpus luteum 黄体 isformed from follicle cells滤泡细胞，卵泡细胞 that remain inthe ovary 卵巢 following ovulation . Corpus luteum secretes 分泌 estrogen 雌激素 and progesterone 孕酮during the remaining 14 days of the cycle. Cor

4、pus luteum degenerates 退化,堕落 if theovum卵,卵子 is not fertilized受精,and secretion of estrogen and progesterone declines. The decline ofestrogen and progesteronestimulates the anterior pituitary垂体前叶 to secretemore FSH and LH, initiating 开始 a new reproductive cycle.me iiiciiiLi udi piidse v-uriii!i! ui t

5、w odays otbleeding as the endometrium 子宫内膜 breaks down because of the decreased amount of estrogen and progesterone. The amount of FSH rises, enabling the beginning of a new cycle.Proliferative Phase 增生期，增殖期The proliferative phase lasts about 9 days. Estrogen stimulates proliferation and growth of t

6、he endometrium. As estrogen increases, it suppresses secretion of FSH and increases secretion of LH. Secretion of LH stimulates ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum.Ovulation occurs between day 12 and day 16. Estrogen is high and progesterone is low. Secretory PhaseThe secretory phase

7、lasts about 12 days. The secretory phase follows ovulation. This phase is initiated in response to the increase inLH.Graafian follicle is replaced by corpus luteum. Corpus luteum secretes progesterone and estrogen. Progesterone prepares the endometrium forpregnancyshould a fertilized ovum be implant

8、ed.Fetus is 8 cm in length.Fetus is 45 g.Face is well formedlimbs are long and slender.Kidneys begin to form urine.Spontaneous movements occur.Heartbeat is detected by Doppler transducer between10 and 12 weeks. Sex is visually recognizable.Week 16Active movements are present. Fetal skin is transpare

9、nt. Lanugo hair begins to develop. Skeletal ossification occurs. Week 20Fetus is 19 cm in length. Fetus is 465 g.Lanugo covers the entire body. Fetus has nails.Muscles are developed.Enamel and dentin are depositing. Heartbeat is detected by regular (nonelectronic) fetoscope. Week 24Fetus is 28 cm in

10、 length. Fetus is 780 g.Hair on head is well formed. Skin is reddish andwrinkled. Reflex hand grasp functions. Vernix caseosa covers entire body. Fetus has ability to hear.Week 28Fetus is 38 cm in length. Fetus is 1200 g. Limbs are well flexed. Brain is developing rapidly. Eyelids open and close. Lu

11、ngs are developed sufficiently to provide gas exchangi(lecithin forming).If born, neonate can breathe at this time.Week 32Fetus is 40 cm in length. Fetus is 2000 g. Bones are fully developed. Subcutaneous fat has collected. The L/S (lecithin/sphingomyelin) ratio is 1.2:1.Week 36The fetus is 42 to 48

12、 cm length. The fetus is 2500 g.The skin is pink and the body is rounded. The skin is less wrinkled. Lanugo is disappearing. The L/S ratio is greater than 2:1.Week 40The fetus is 48 to 52 cm in length. The fetus is 3000to 3600 g. The skin is pinkish and smooth. Lanugo is present on upper arms and sh

13、oulders.majoriaVernix caseosa decreases Fingernails extend beyond fingertips. Sole (plantar) creases run down to the heel. The testes are in the scrotum. The labia are well developed.-点的痕迹，山风呼呼，细雨微微。人行翦翦，心韵盈盈。思邃恒古，本义使 然，让思想的光芒照亮每个心灵，让身心的热量变作普照大地的明媚，让 蠕风的蠢蠢欲动万木复苏的定格。在这片神圣的土地上，色彩是洁净的象征，静物是可修复的抱朴，人 境是可

14、绝缘的尘，合沓车马也无喧。吾生有无涯而也无涯，知也以有而随 无也，有有也者，有无也者，有未始有无也者，有未始有夫未始有无也者俄而有无矣，而未知有无之果孰有孰无也。今我则已有谓矣，而未知吾所谓之其果有谓乎，其果无谓乎 ？摘自于庄子 齐物论。多一事不如少一事，少一事不如没一事，没一事不如了一事，了一事 不如空无一事。人之所以不幵心，那是因为想要的太多，人之所以不顺心, 是因为付出太少，之所以不如意，也是因为，总计较那些得与失。一念起千山万水，一念灭沧海桑田。念人念心念天念地，随心律动，心随所动，虽有嘉肴，弗食不知其旨也；虽有至道，弗学不知其善也。是故 学然后知不足，教然后知困。知不足，然后能自反也 ；知困，然后自强也。 故曰：