（全国用）高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 2 Cloning教师用书 新人教版选修8(2021年最新整理)

1、（全国用）2018版高考英语大一轮复习 unit 2 cloning教师用书 新人教版选修8（全国用）2018版高考英语大一轮复习 unit 2 cloning教师用书 新人教版选修8 编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（全国用）2018版高考英语大一轮复习 unit 2 cloning教师用书 新人教版选修8）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏

2、以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快 业绩进步，以下为（全国用）2018版高考英语大一轮复习 unit 2 cloning教师用书 新人教版选修8的全部内容。35unit 2cloning话题词汇1invention n发明2progress n进步3digital adj.数字的4breakthrough n突破5technical adj.技术的6automatic adj.自动的7make a study of研究8shop online网上购物9surf the internet网上冲浪10browse the web page浏览网页话题佳作目前，科技的发展如此之快已超出了我们的想象，克隆

3、技术成为世界上最先进的技术之一。针对这一技术，有人支持,有人反对.假设你是李华，你的笔友mike来信询问你对克隆的看法,请根据下面的表格,给他写一封回信。支持反对你的看法？1.制造器官挽救生命(如：治愈癌症)；2.帮助不能生育的人拥有孩子;3.帮助想克隆自己去世的亲人的人。1。对人生命不尊重，生命将不再唯一；2.在动物界创造出更多的疾病；3。使地球人口激增。佳作欣赏dear mike，glad to receive your letter.cloning is one of the most advanced technologies。but different people have dif

4、ferent opinions.some people are in favor of it,thinking the technology is beneficial。firstly，it can be used to produce organs to cure diseases like cancer.secondly,it can help those who cant have a baby but want one。besides，it can help those wanting to clone their dead relatives。however，a few people

5、 object to it。they believe cloning shows no respect for human life,and human life would no longer be unique.more seriously，it would create more diseases in the animal world and cause earths population to increase fast。in my opinion,although the technique is of benefit，cloning humans should be cautio

6、us。yours，li hua名师点睛本文第一段提出话题，第二段说明克隆的优点,第三段是克隆的缺点，第四段是表述作者自己的观点。中间两段要点齐全,表达清晰明确，使用短语、句型准确。最后一段是作者自己的观点，观点明确,不含糊，给出了自己的令人信服的理由。文章中使用了现在分词作状语和定语、定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句等复杂句式。文中一些高级词汇也给短文增加了不少亮点,如：in favor of,beneficial，object to，show no respect for，be of benefit等。同时，firstly，secondly，besides等的使用使作者在列举观点时条理清晰，自然

7、流畅.a写作必记单词1differ vi.不同；相异(1)the story he told the police differed from（和不同） the one he told his mother.(2）they differ in size but not in kind。这些东西的区别只是大小不同而实质一样。2exact adj。精确的；准确的(1)not exactly不确切；不完全;不全对;（口语)决不（2）scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that

8、 they do。科学家们仍然不是很清楚基因是怎样影响衰老的,但他们相信基因确实对衰老有影响。(2016四川）3object vi。反对;不赞成(1)objection n不赞成;反对；异议(2）object to反对(3)he has a strong objection to leaving early。他极力反对早动身.4obtain vt。获得；赢得5owe vt.欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功于（1）owe.。to.。.欠；把归功于owe sb。 an apology应向某人道歉（2)the harbour survived the storm owing to the arms of

9、the bay.由于海湾的保护,海港躲过了暴风雨。(3)he helped you a lot。you owe it to him to invite him to dinner。(填代词）6retire vi。退休；离开（1)retirement n退休;离开(2）leroy chiao，54，an american retired(retire） astronaut after four flights，describes what happens even before you float out of your seat。(2015湖北)7bother vt.打扰；vi。操心；n。烦扰

10、(1）bother sb。with/about sth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人have much bother （in)doing sth。费劲/麻烦做某事（2）dont bother to get/getting(get) dinner for me.用法点拨表示“费心做某事”，其后可接不定式或动名词作宾语.有时还可在bother后加反身代词。8strike vi。& vt。打；撞击；罢工；n.罢工（1）struck(strike） by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，they decided to visit the

11、small old town again。(2）it strikes me that you are not serious about it.(填代词)（3）staff at the hospital went on strike（举行罢工） in protest at the incidents。(4)a good idea struck me yesterday.(同义句转换）i struck on a good idea yesterday。9resist vt。抵抗；对抗（1)the child resisted being carried（carry） off。（2)there i

12、s still much resistance to carrying out this plan.（填介词)10reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的(1)reason o/out of doing sth。说服某人做/不做某事(2）the reason why he didnt come was that he was ill。（填连接词)(3）this is the reason that he gave me for being late。(填连接词)b阅读识记单词11undertake vt.着手;从事；承担undertake to do。答应做12br

13、eakthrough n突破13procedure n程序；步骤；手续process n过程;进行；方法；步骤;程序；vt。加工；处理14altogether adv。总共；完全地15conservative adj.保守的；守旧的16forbid vt.禁止；不准my father forbade me to watch tv。（同义句转换）my father forbade my watching tv。my father forbade me from watching tv.17accumulate vt。& vi。积累;聚积accumulation n积累；累积；堆积物18compu

14、lsory adj。必须做的；义务的;强迫的；强制的19assumption n假定；设想（1）assuming(assume) that it is true,what should we do now？（2)it is generally assumed（普遍认为) that stress is caused by too much work。(3）the project was predicated on the assumption that the economy was expanding.这一计划是以经济发展的设想为依据的。用法点拨assuming conj.假如,假设，引导条件

15、状语从句。20regulation n规则；规章；法规regular adj.有规律的；规则的;定期的；经常的21initial adj。最初的；开始的initially adv。开始；最初22vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的in vain白费力气；枉费心机23drawback n缺点;不利条件24decoration n装饰decorate v装饰25adore vt。崇拜；爱慕;喜爱he adores going to parties。他喜欢参加各种聚会.用法点拨adore后接动词时用动名词形式。1pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清this work is starting

16、to pay off。the annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38 in 2000 to 5。4 in 2011.工作取得了成功，成年秃鹰的年死亡率从2000年的38%下降到2011年的5.4.（2016北京）2cast down使失望；使沮丧she was much cast down at the moment.她当时非常沮丧。3in favour of赞成;支持in ones favour对某人有利do sb。a favour/do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙4(be） bound to （do）

17、.一定或注定（做）5o ones heart使刻骨铭心6from time to time不时；偶尔7bring back to life使复生;使复活8in good/poor condition状况很好(坏）；情况很好(坏)1it happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones。当园艺师从生长着的植物上剪下枝来培植新植物时，它（克隆）就发生了。2then came the disturbing news that dolly had become s

18、eriously ill。接着传来了令人烦恼的消息-多莉得了重病。3could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?如果改进研究程序,问题会不会解决呢？4however，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.然而,科学家们仍然想知道克隆技术是会帮助我们还是伤害我们,以及它将把我们引向何处.5the advantage is that if there is a n

19、ew illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation。其优点是如果产生一种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并将这种抵抗能力传给下一代。教材与语法填空cloning is a way of making an exact copy of 1。another animal or plant。2。it has two major uses。one is t

20、hat gardeners use it to produce commercial quantities of plants。the other is that it is 3.valuable（value） for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals。however,the process of cloning is difficult 4。to undertake(undertake）the first successful clone，dolly the sheep，5。made（make）

21、 the whole scientific world follow its process，though it had 6。more（many) problems than the normal sheep.but on the other hand，dollys 7.appearance(appear) raised a storm of objections and had a great impact 8.on the media and public imagination。different people have different opinions on it。9.howeve

22、r，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and 10.where it is leading us.。教材与短文改错the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals have always excited film makers。and they are not the only one.the popularity of the film jurassic park proves how interesting ordinary peopl

23、e are in the subject.it is a film in that a scientist clones several kind of extinct dinosaurs。in fact，we are long way from being able to clone extinct animals。from time to time people suggested that the animals that have disappeared from the earth，can be brought back to the life through cloning.unf

24、ortunately，based on what we know now，it is possible.so dinosaurs returned to the earth is merely a dream.答案the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals always excited film makers。and they are not the only .the popularity of the film jurassic park proves how ordinary people are in the s

25、ubject。it is a film in a scientist clones several of extinct dinosaurs。in fact,we are long way from being able to clone extinct animals.from time to time people that the animals that have disappeared from the earth，can be brought back to the life through cloning。unfortunately，based on what we know n

26、ow,it is 。so dinosaurs to the earth is merely a dream.。教材与微写作写作素材(关于克隆)1现在许多国家研究克隆。2人们对克隆有不同的看法.3有些人很沮丧,他们认为这在伦理上是不合理的，应该被禁止。4实际上许多国家从事克隆研究并且已经取得了重大的突破，所以我们无法抗拒它。提示:黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用because引导的原因状语从句，that引导的宾语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)nowadays many countries do research on cloning。peoples ideas of

27、 cloning differ.some feel cast down because they think that it is not morally reasonable and should be forbidden.actually many countries undertake the research on cloning and have obtained great breakthrough，and therefore we are unable to resist it。阅读理解a machine that takes sweat.laden（浸满汗水的) clothes

28、 and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in sweden。the machine makes the clothes turn round quickly，heats them to remove the sweat，and then passes the steam through a kind of special material to make purified water.since it has been brought into use，its creators say more than 1,000 people

29、have drunk others “sweat” in gothenburg.they add the liquid is cleaner than local tap water.the device was built for the united nations childfocused charity unicef to promote a campaign highlighting the fact that 780 million people in the world lack access to clean water。the machine was designed and

30、 built by the engineer andreas hammar,known locally for his appearances on tv tech show “mekatronikhe said the key part of the sweat machine was a new water purification part developed by a company named hvr。“it uses a technique called membrane distillation(膜蒸馏)，” he told the bbc.“we use a special k

31、ind of material that only lets steam through but keeps bacteria，salts，clothing fibers and other things out.they have something similar to the international space station，but our machine is cheaper to build。the amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is，but one persons t.shirt ty

32、pically produces 10ml，about a mouthful.”the device has been put on show at the gothia cup-the worlds largest international youth football tournament。mattias ronge，chief executive of stockholm。based advertising agency deportivo，said the machine had helped raise awareness for unicef，but in reality had

33、 its limitations.“people havent produced as much sweat as we hoped-right now the weather in gothenburg is lousy，” mattias ronge said。“so weve equipped the machine with exercise bikes and volunteers are cycling like crazy.even so，the demand for sweat is greater than the supply.and the machine will ne

34、ver be produced in large numbers，since there are better solutions out there such as water purifying pills.”1which of the following is the disadvantage of the sweat machine？ait takes too long for the machine to produce water。bthe amount of water the machine produces is rather limited。cit costs a larg

35、e amount of money to build the machine。dthe water processed by the machine is not clean enough。答案b解析细节理解题.由第五段最后一句“the amount of water it produces depends on。.about a mouthful.”可知,这台机器的产水量太少了，故选b。2unicef is mentioned in the text to .ashow how the sweat machine worksbexplain why the sweat machine was

36、 invented cshow the importance of the united nationsdtell us who invented the sweat machine答案b解析细节理解题。由第三段的内容可知，作者在文中之所以提到unicef是因为这台机器是为unicef所组织的一个活动而设计制造的,故选b。3what did mattias ronge think of the sweat machine？ait could only be used in summer。bit did not work at all。cit was not worth popularizing

37、。dthe water it produced tasted sweet.答案c解析推理判断题.由最后一段中mattias ronge所说的“the machine will never be produced in large numbers”可知，他认为这种机器不值得普及。故选c.4the text is written mainly to tell us that .aa machine which turns sweat into drinking water is inventedb780 million people in the world lack access to clea

38、n waterca better solution to purifying dirty water is discovereddthe pill which turns dirty water into clean water is produced答案a解析主旨大意题.由第一段第一句“a machine that takes sweat.laden（浸满汗水的） clothes and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in sweden。”以及下文的描述可知,作者通过本文主要向我们介绍了一种能够将衣服上的汗液转化为饮用水的机器，故

39、选a。.七选五（2017山西四校联考)imagine going to bed not knowing where your next meal is going to come from。 1 today，nearly 11 percent of people on earth suffer from hunger，according to a recent state of food insecurity in the world report published by the united nations。but it turns out that this number is some

40、thing to celebrate!though the numbers look like a lot,the number of hungry people in the world has actually decreased by about 209 million since 1992。this has been mainly due to the hard work of organizations such as the un，the fao and the wfp.according to the wfp，the world produces enough food to f

41、eed the entire population of 7 billion people。 2 there are many reasons why food does not go from the producers to the consumers。people living in poverty cannot afford nutritious foods。this makes them weaker and it is harder for them to earn money to escape from poverty and hunger。 3 an average pers

42、on in the us spends just 6。6 of the income on food.drought is one of the most common causes of food shortage in the world. 4 in many countries，climate change is worsening the situation。conflicts around the world can disrupt farming and food production。fighting forces millions of people to flee their

43、 homes.these people dont have the means to feed themselves。 5 food that is wasted uses up precious natural resources。ahow can we solve the problem?beach nation has its own challenges。cone.third of all food produced is never consumed。dbut not everybody has access to food when they need it。ethat is th

44、e fate of nearly 805 million people in the world。fnatural disasters such as flood and tropical storms can impact food output too.gdo you know in poor countries people spend over 80% of their earnings on food?1答案e解析根据上句:想象一下，临睡前不知道你的下一顿饭从哪里来。再根据下句:现在世界上11%的人遭受饥饿的痛苦.可知e.that is the fate of nearly 805

45、million people in the world。那就是世界上805 000 000人的命运。符合上下文的意思。2答案d解析根据上句:世界生产足够的粮食养活全部70亿人口。再根据下句：很多原因导致了食物无法从生产者那里运到消费者手中。可知此空的意思是：还有很多人没有饭吃。此处表示转折,故选d.3答案g解析根据上句：他们很难赚钱摆脱贫困和饥饿。再根据下句:在美国，一个普通人仅花费收入的6.6%在食物上。可知g。do you know in poor countries people spend over 80% of their earnings on food？你知道贫穷国家的人们要花费

46、收入的80%在食物上吗?符合题意。4答案f解析根据上句:干旱是世界上最常见的食物短缺的原因之一。再根据下句:在很多国家，气候变化正在恶化局势。可知此空要表达的意思应该是:自然灾害也影响粮食的产量。故选f.5答案c解析根据下句:浪费的食物消耗了宝贵的自然资源。可知上句的意思是：所有生产出来的食物中有三分之一从未被消费掉。故选c。完形填空（2016浙江)during the war，my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in california.i went to live there in order to be 1 him.

47、i hated the place.i had never 2 been so unhappy。my husband was ordered out on a long。term duty，and i was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.the heat was 3 almost 125f even in the shade of a cactus（仙人掌) 4 a soul to talk to。the wind blew non。stop，and all the food i ate,and the very air i breathed,were 5 w

48、ith sand，sand，sand!i was so sorry for myself that i wrote to my parents.i told them i was 6 and coming back home。i said i couldnt stand it one minute longer.i 7 be in prison! my father answered my 8 with just two linestwo lines that will always sing in my 9 two lines that completely changed my life:

49、two men looked out from prison bars，one saw the mud，the other saw the stars.i read those two lines 10 。i was ashamed of myself.i made up my mind i would find out what was good in my present 11 ;i would look for the stars。i made friends with the natives，and their 12 amazed me.they gave me presents of

50、 their favorite artworks which they had 13 to sell to tourists。i studied the delightful forms of the cactus.i watched for the desert sunsets,and 14 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean 15 。what brought about this 16 change in me？

51、 the desert hadnt changed， 17 i had。i had changed my 18 .and by doing so,i changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 19 of my life。i was excited by this new world that i had discovered。i had looked out of my self。created prison and 20 the stars。语篇解读这是一篇记叙文.作者讲述自己为了离丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的军营里，寂寞的生活

52、和恶劣的生存环境让作者难以忍受,她写信告诉父母要回家.父亲给她的信中就两行字，就是这两行字使作者改变了生活态度，学会了在逆境中享受生活。1a.off bbehindcnear dbeyond答案c解析根据空格前的went to live there可以看出，作者到那里住的目的是希望离丈夫近(near）一些.off离开；behind在后面；near在附近；beyond超出，远于。2a.before balreadycthen dstill答案a解析根据上文使用的过去时及第二段第三句“i said i couldnt stand it one minute longer。”可知，作者在此之前(be

53、fore)从未那么不快乐过。before在之前；already已经;then然后，那么;still仍然。3a。inflexible bincomprehensible cuncontrollable dunbearable答案d解析由破折号后的“.。almost 125f even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)”可知，即便是在仙人掌的阴凉里，这种炎热也是让人无法忍受的（unbearable）。inflexible缺乏弹性的，不可改变的;incomprehensible难懂的，不可理解的；uncontrollable控制不住的,无法管束的；unbearable无法忍

54、受的，承受不住的。4a。only bnotcmany dsuch答案b解析由该段内容可以看出，作者所居住的地方环境很恶劣，可推知空格处应该指这里没有（not)作者可以与之聊天的人。only仅仅，只有；not没有；many许多；such那样的。5a。covered bfilledcburied dcharged答案b解析be covered with用覆盖;be filled with充满；be buried with被掩埋；be charged with被指控犯（罪）.由该句语境可以看出，无论是作者吃的食物还是呼吸的空气,到处都充满了（were filled with）沙子。6a。catchi

55、ng up bkeeping up cgiving up dgetting up答案c解析由后面的“i said i couldnt stand it one minute longer。可以看出，由于居住地恶劣的环境,作者打算放弃(give up）并准备回家。catch up赶上；keep up保持，维持；give up放弃；get up起床。7a.ought to bmight well cwould rather dhad better答案c解析由该空所在句可知，作者在信中告诉父母，她一分钟也坚持不下去了，她宁愿(would rather)去蹲监狱。ought to应该;might we

56、ll有可能；would rather宁愿；had better最好。8a.request bcallcquestion dletter答案d解析由该段第一句中的“.。i wrote to my parents.”可知，作者给自己的父母写了封信.request请求，要求；call通话,召唤;question问题；letter信。9a。comparison bimagination cconsideration dmemory答案d解析由下文可以看出，作者父亲的这两行话彻底改变了作者对生活的态度,所以这两行话总是在她的记忆（memory)里唱响。comparison对比；imagination想象；consideration考虑，体贴；memory记忆。10