名词性从句中的虚拟语气的用法解析

1、名词性从句中的虚拟语气 当名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)中的 谓语动词使用了某种特殊形式或者该从句使用了某些具有特定意义的名 词、形容词或分词时，可以使用虚拟语气。 1. 主语从句 (1) It is important that she (should) cooperate with us It was unnecessary that he (should) get here so early. He says it is fortunate that she (should) take the first prize. It is strange that he

2、(should) leave without telling us. It is surprising/amazing/pleasing that she(should) win over her mother. 在“ it + be + adj. + that clause ”的句型中，形容词表示“必须的”、“重 要的”、“适当的”、“自然的”、“不可能的”、“紧迫的”等意义时，主语从句 常用虚拟语气。这类形容词还有 advisable, desirable, essential, impossible, natural, possible等。形容词表示“惊讶的”、“失望的”、“懊悔的”等意

3、义时， 主语从句常用虚拟语气。形容词是dreadful (可怕的)，funny等词时，这种 句型中的主语从句也可用陈述语气。 ( 2) It is ordered that the classroom (should) be kept in order. It is desired that every student (should) obey the school rules It is suggested that we (should) start the work at once. 表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”意义的动词， 如 advise, arrange, demand, p

4、ropose, recomme nd, request, require等用被动语态时，主语从句要用虚拟 语气。 2. 宾语从句 （1）He insisted that all of us （should） be there on time by any means. The teacher suggested we （should） clean the blackboard after class. 表示“要求”、“建议”、“命令”等意义的动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟 语气。这类动词包括 insist, desire, request, order, propose, command, advi

5、se, recomme nd, dema nd, suggeS等。这些动词后面的宾语从句中用 “（should）+ 动词原形”构成虚拟语气。 注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”和suggest表示“表明；暗示”，其 后的宾语从句中不用虚拟语气。例如： The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him. He insisted that was honest. （2）I wish I could fly. （用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的愿望） I wish I ha

6、d known it before. （用过去完成时表示过去未实现的愿望， 即 与过去事实相反的愿望 ） I wish you would stay a little longer. （ 用“ would + 动词原形”表示 对将来的愿望 ） Wish 后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气。 Wish 后面宾语从句 中的虚拟语气，要按“后退一步法”处理从句中谓语动词的时态。 注意：表示何时的愿望，与那个事实相反，不能以主句时态为判断依 据，而应根据从句的意义判断。 ( 3) I would rather you did not make any comment on the issue for the t

7、ime being. Would not you rather your child went to bed early? 短语 would rather 后 面的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。在这种结构中，从句中的谓语动词通 常用过去式表示对现在的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。 3表语从句 My suggestion is that the old houses (should) be pulled down. The old mans request is that his children (should) give him some money to live on every mon

8、th. 句子主语是表示“愿望” 、“劝告”、“建议”、“主张”、“决定”等 行为动词派生出的同根名词时， 表语从句常用虚拟语气 “(should+) 动 词原形”结构。这类名词有 suggestion, proposal, request, advice, decision, requirement 等。 4. 同位语从句 What do you think of Mr Li s proposal that we (should) have a get together next Friday? My wish that a teaching building (should) be buil

9、t here will soon come true. 同位语从句中用虚拟语气的情况与表语从句类似。 从句的先行词 是表示“ 愿望”、“劝告”、“建议”、“主张”、“命令”、“决定”等行为 动词派生出来的同根名词时， 同位语从句常用虚拟语气 “(should+) 动 词原形” 结构。这类名词与上面所讲的表语从句中的一样。 补充： It is (high) time that the child went to bed. 在it is (high) time + (that)从句中，从句中的谓语动词通常用过去 时(或should+动词原形)表示虚拟。 强化练习： 1. She noticed h

10、ow nervous he was and he should stand near the stage where he could watch and follow the play. A. agreed B. suggested C. persuaded D. encouraged 2. Janes pale face suggested that she ill, and her parents suggested that she a medical examination. A. be should have B. was; have C. should be had D. was

11、; had 3. It is necessary that the question A. be settled B. must settle C. settle D. could be settled 4. They received orders that the work at once. A. must be done B. would be done C. had been done D. be done 5. The young man insisted that he nothing wrong and free. A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. do; be set D. had done ; must be set 6. My suggestion was that the meeting off till next week. A. to put B. be put C, shouldD. be putting 7. “Have you ever been to Beijing?”“No, but I wish I A. have B. will C. do D. had 8. it is time (that) we to bet. A. must goB. will goC. went