大学英语四级-256

1、 大学英语四级-256(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、reading comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、 (总题数：4，分数：100.00)the technology thats transforming gardeningwith the holiday weekend coming up and the weather (hopefully) taking a turn for the better, manyof us may 1 feeling a bit green-fingered (精通园艺的) and turn our 2 to gar

2、dening.the new york-based tech bitponics is hoping that worrying about seasons will be a thing of thepast when it comes to 3 your own plants, fruit and vegetables.bitponics claims to be your 4 gardening assistant. the system it sells is a cloud-basedhydroponics (水栽培) gardening manager.many people ma

3、y only haveheard of hydroponics in terms of growing cannabis (大麻), but actuallyit is 5 used in farming.hydroponics basically 6 growing plants without soil, instead using a reservoir (蓄水池) ofnutrient solutions in water.what bitponics strives to do is automate hydroponic systems.the technology it has

4、developed is an electronic box that has 7 attached. these sensors, or probes,go into the reservoir of your hydroponic system and monitor things like ph levels, 8 , humidity(湿度), and the data is then sent 9 to the cloud.two outlets let you plug in lights or pumps, which can be set on timers to aid gr

5、owing. a webapp gives you a grow plan, which 10 you by text or e-mail when you need to add nutrients or changethe water reservoir.a. absently e. investment i. personal m. temperatureb. attention f. involves j. plentiful n. widelyc. explicit g. merely k. sensors o. wirelesslyd. growing h. notifies l.

6、 start（分数：25.00）解析：l解析 动词辨义题。根据空格前的情态动词 may和空格后的 feeling a bit gree-fingered可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词原形。feeling在该句中为动词 feel的动名词形式，而非名词“感觉”。备选词汇中只有 start“开始”符合此处语境，故选 l。解析：b解析 名词辨义题。根据空格前的 our和空格后的 to gardening可以判断，此处需要填入一个名词。再结合前文中提到的 feeling可知，备选词汇中 attention“注意，留心”最符合此处语境，故选 b。解析：d解析动词辨义题。when it comes to为习

7、惯用法，意为“当提到”，其后接名词或动名词。再由空格后的 your own plants.可以判断，此处需要填入一个动名词。备选词汇中只有 growing“生长”符合此处语境，故选 d。解析：i解析 形容词辨义题。根据空格前的 your和空格后的 gardening assistant可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词修饰 assistant“助理”。备选词汇中 personal“私人的”符合此处语境，故选 i。解析：n解析 副词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，并不缺少任何成分，根据空格前的 it is和空格后的 used可以判断，此处需要填入一个副词修饰 used“应用”。备选词汇中 wide

8、ly“广泛地”符合此处语境，故选 n。be widely used in意为“广泛应用于”。解析：f解析 动词辨义题。根据空格前的 basically和空格后的动名词 growing可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词，且其后可以接动名词。备选词汇中 involves“包括”符合此处语境，故选 f。解析：k解析 名词辨义题。that has.attached在句中作 an electronic box的定语，其中 attached意为“将某物系在、缚在或附在(另一物)上”。have sth. attached意为“附有”，由此可知此处需要填入一个名词。后文中紧接着提到了 these sensors，

9、故不难推知备选词汇中 sensors“传感器”符合此处语境，故选 k。 解析：m解析 名词辨义题。此处空格位于几个并列的名词之间，由此可以判断，此处需要填入一个能够与ph levels和humidity并列使用的名词。备选词汇中 temperature“温度”符合此处语境，故选m。investment“投资”显然不能被“这些传感器”(these sensors)所“监控”(monitor)，故排除。解析：o解析 副词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，再由空格前的sent和空格后的to the cloud可以判断，此处需要填入一个副词修饰 sent“发送”。显然，备选词汇中 wirelessly“

10、无线地”最符合此处语境，故选o。解析：h解析动词辨义题。空格位于which引导的非限制性定语从句中，该从句的先行词为a grow plan。该从句中缺少动词，再根据整个句子采用的一般现在时时态可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词的第三人称单数形式。备选词汇中 notifies“通知”符合此处语境，故选h。the dangers of readingone of the biggest reasons i depart from my minimalist极(简主义的) philosophy is reading, 11 ,reading about what others are doing. i

11、read a blog post, or a magazine article about someone doingsomething 12 : travelling, using a new productivity system, making bread, etc. and then i wantto do that too. and i think we all do this. we all read inspirational things, or hear about themfrom a friend, and 13 ourselves doing the same thin

12、g.this is often a good thinginspiration is good, isnt it? learning from others is 14 good. butthis inspiration can often 15 me to forget about what ive learned, and soon im heading downa new path, buying a lotof things to support my new interest, only to 16 this interest when iveread something else.

13、this has happened to me dozens of times. i want to learn spanish, programming, bread making, 17writing, guitar; each of these is wonderful.but when i become especially interested in the nextnew thing to learn about, the other things suffer. i cant learn about them all at once. such18 pulls away my f

14、ocus and keeps me from doing well at any one thing.whats the antidote (解)? focus, namely, 19 to one thing long enough to learn it. dont bedistracted by every new thing you read. the answer isnt to stop reading, but to pay more 20attention to your impulses when you do read.a. abandon e. definitely i.

15、 fiction m. satisfactionb. careful f. distraction j. imagine n. specificallyc. cause g. facilitating k. plentiful o. stickd. concentration h. fascinating l. presumably（分数：25.00）解析：n解析 副词辨义题。根据空格前后的逗号可以推断，此处需要填入一个可以单独使用的形容词或副词，用作插入语。备选词汇中只有specifically“确切地说”符合此处语境，用在此处以引出后面的内容，以对前面提到的reading作进一步的解释说明

16、，故选n。解析：h解析 形容词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，再由空格前的something可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词以修饰something。备选词汇中plentiful意为“大量的，丰富的”，不能修饰something，故排除。而后文中列举的travelling等并不算是“仔细的”事情，因而也排除careful。fascinating意为“吸引人的”，符合此处语境，故选h。解析：j解析 动词辨义题。根据空格前的and和空格后的ourselves doing.可以推断，此处需要填入一个动词原形，与前面提到的read并列，且其后可接现在分词短语作宾语补足语。备选词汇中只有imagine“

17、想象”符合此处语境，故选j。解析：e解析 副词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，根据空格前的系动词is和空格后的形容词good可以推断，此处需要填入一个副词修饰good。备选词汇中 definitely“肯定地”最符合此处语境，故选e。解析：c解析 动词辨义题。根据空格前的can often和空格后的代词me to forget可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词原形，且其后可以接sb. to do结构，并且该动作的发出者为物，即this inspiration，因此 cause“造成，导致”符合此处语境，故选c。解析：a解析 动词辨义题。根据空格前的only to和空格后的名词this intere

18、st。可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词原形。从语义上看，前文中提到了作者从阅读中获得的新的启迪会让作者忘记自己所学的东西，而开始购买很多东西来支持自己新的兴趣；后文中也提到作者不能同时学习所有他感兴趣的东西。 由此不难推知，此处作者所要表达的是自己在读到别的东西之后又会抛弃其所拥有不久的新兴趣。因而备选词汇中的 abandon“放弃”符合此处语境，故选 a。解析：i解析 名词辨义题。此处空格与其后面的 writing一词一起与前文中提到的 bread making 并列，由此可知此处需要填入一个名词，而且能够作 write的宾语。备选词汇中只有 fiction“小说”符合此处语境，故选 i。解析

19、：f解析名词辨义题。根据空格前的限定词 such和空格后的动词 pulls可以判断，此处需要填入一个不可数名词。此处空格指的是前文中提到的作者总是想要学习更新的东西，而使其他事情遭殃的情况。由此可以判断空格处填入的名词须表示消极意义，备选词汇中只有 distraction“注意力分散”符合此处语境，故选 f。解析：o解析 动词辨义题。由该句句首的 focus和空格前的插入语 namely“也就是，换句话说”可以判断，空格所在的分句为祈使句，且其表达的意义与 namely前面的内容相同，由此可知此空格处需要填入一个动词原形，表达与 focus相关的意义，备选词汇中只有 stick“坚持”符合此处

20、语境，故选 o。stick tosth.意为“坚持或维持某事物”，为固定用法。解析：b解析 形容词辨义题。此处空格位于 pay more和 attention中间，由此可以判断此处需要填入一个形容词，以修饰 attention“注意力”。备选词汇中 fascinating意为“吸引人的”，不能修饰 attention，故排除。plentiful意为“大量的，丰富的”，不能被 more修饰，因而也排除。careful意为“审慎的，小心的”，用在此处语义通顺，故选 b。pay more careful attention to sth.意为“更多地注意某事物”。caffeine may impro

21、ve memorya cup of coffee in the morning may improve long-term memory, according to a new study.the study, published in the journal nature neuroscience, found that participants who had beengiven caffeine (咖啡因) pills had better memory 21 scientists studied 160 participants aged 18to 30, and showed the

22、m 22 photos of items at the beginning, asking study subjects to classifythe items as indoor or outdoor. half the participants were given a caffeine pill after that23 , the other half a placebo 安( 慰剂). one day later, all the participants were shown the samepictures, as well as some they hadnt seen be

23、fore. they were asked whether each photo was new,old or 24 to the originals.while both groups were able to 25 between old and new pictures, the researchers 26 discoveredthat the participants who took the caffeine pills were better at determining which pictures weresimilar to the first round. the res

24、earchers remain 27 about how caffeine may influence memory,but they speculate that it could interfere with hormones (荷尔蒙，激素) related to memory making.the study needs to be repeated before any proven conclusions can be made, but its not the firstto find benefits in caffeine intake 摄( 取). in fact, sim

25、ilar findings were made in a populationof bees, which leads researchers to believe that the caffeine played a 28 in improving recall.still, highly caffeinated products have been linked to 29 events like poor sleep. in 2012, theu.s. food and drug administration announced it was looking into the safet

26、y of energy drinks after30 several reports of illnesses and even deaths after taking energy drinks.a. classification e. negative i. role m. temporarilyb. conceiving f. recall i. significance n. uncertainc. disguise g. receiving k. similar o. variousd. distinguish h. remind l. surprisingly（分数：25.00）解

27、析：f解析 名词辨义题。空格所在的分句结构完整，不缺少任何成分，且该空格位于句末，根据其前面的 had better memory可以判断，此空格处需要填入一个名词，与 memory构成名词短语。备选词汇中只有 recall“回想”符合此处语境，故选 f。recall除了可以用作名词以外，还可以用作动词。解析：o解析 形容词辨义题。空格所在的句子不缺少任何成分，而空格后的 photos of items为名词短语，由此可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词修饰 photos。备选词汇中只有 various“各种各样的”符合此处语境，故选 o。 解析：a解析名词辨义题。根据空格前的 that可知空格处

28、应填入一个名词，且其指代的内容在前文中有提到，根据前文中要求受试者将照片分为“室内”和“室外”两类可知，空格处名词所指应为对照片分类的行为。备选词汇中 classification“分类”符合此处语境，故选 a。解析：k解析 形容词辨义题。根据空格前的 new，old or可以推断空格处为可以与 new和 old并列的形容词，又根据空格后的 to the originals推断此空格处涉及前后两次所示照片的对比。备选词汇中只有similar“类似的”符合此处语境，故选 k。解析：d解析 动词辨义题。根据空格前的 were able to和空格后的 between.可以判断，此处需要填入一个动词

29、原形，构成 be able to do结构，且该动词须能与 between搭配使用。备选词汇中只有distinguish“区分”符合此处语境，故选 d。解析：l解析 副词辨义题。空格所在的分句不缺少任何成分，再根据空格前的 the researchers和空格后的动词 discovered可以判断，此处需要填入一个副词修饰 discovered“发现”。备选词汇中 temporarily意为“暂时地，临时地”，不符合此处语境，可排除。surprisingly意为“令人惊奇地”，surprisinglydiscovered意为“惊奇地发现”，语义通顺，故选 l。解析：n解析形容词辨义题。根据空格

30、前的系动词 remain和空格后的介词 about可以判断，此处需要填入一个形容词，说明该句主语 the researchers的情况，且该形容词须能够与 about搭配使用。备选词汇中只有 uncertain“无把握的”符合此处语境，故选 n。解析：i解析名词辨义题。根据空格前的不定冠词 a可以判断，此处需要填入一个可数名词的单数形式。备选词汇中 role“作用”符合此处语境，故选 i。play a role/part为固定用法，意为“发挥作用，起作用”。解析：e解析形容词辨义题。空格所在的分句不缺少任何成分，根据空格后的名词 events可以推断，空格处需要填入一个形容词。句末的 like

31、 poor sleep是对前面状况的举例，而 poor sleep意为“睡眠不好”，显然是消极意义的内容。由此可知空格处填入的形容词须表示否定意义，备选词汇中只有 negative“消极的”符合此处语境，故选 e。解析：g解析 动词辨义题。空格所在的分句中缺少动词，且位于介词 after之后，由此可以判断，此处需要填入一个动名词，其宾语为 several reports。备选词汇中 conceiving意为“构思，想出(主意、计划等)”，而由句中的 reports可以判断这里指的是事实，而不是凭空构想，conceiving一词用在此处不符合语义，可排除。receiving意为“收到”，rece

32、iving several reports of意为“收到一些关于的报告”，语义通顺，故选 g。do you use your cell phone a lot?too much time spent on your cell phone doesnt mean youre more connected and happier.a new research from scientists at kent state university in kent, ohio shows that the more timecollege students spend on their ceil phon

33、es, the more 31 they are and the more their academicperformance will 32 .jacob barkley, aryn karpinski and andrew lepp studied 500 kent state university students, eachof whom reported their daily cell phone use for the year as well as their level of anxiety and33 with their life.at the end of the ye

34、ar, the students also 34 the researchers to see their official school recordsfor their cumulative (累积的) grade point average (gpa). not only was greater cell phone use 35correlated (相关的) with satisfaction and happiness, it was also associated with lowergpaspresumably because the students were more an

35、xious and unable to 36 on their studies.while 37 researches found that cell phones can improve social interaction and reduce feelingsof isolation, the latest findings suggest that constant 38 to information and people may be adouble-edged-sword. the researchers speculate, for example, that students

36、may feel anxious ifthey feel obligated (有义务的) to be in constant 39with their friends. some may have difficultydisconnecting, which only feeds into the stress linked to their phones. occasional episodes ofsolitude can be 40 for well-being, but students who are tied to their phones arent getting these

37、respites (暂缓).a. access e. intense i. preferred m. suffer b. anxious f. negatively j. previous n. touchc. concentrate g. objectively k. relation o. vitald. depend h. permitted l. satisfaction（分数：25.00）解析：b解析形容词辨义题。空格所在的分句为 that引导的宾语从句，其中包含 the more.the more.的句式结构，由此处空格后的 they were可知，此处缺少一个形容词作表语，说明

38、they的情况。备选词汇中只有 anxious“焦虑的”符合此处语境，故选 b。解析：m解析 动词辨义题。空格所在的分句缺少动词，说明前面提到的 their academic performance的情况。前文中提到了大学生花越多的时间在手机上，他们就会越焦虑，由此可以推知，此处提到的学习成绩应该也会随之受到不好的影响。备选词汇中表示消极意义的只有 suffer“受苦”符合此处语境，故选 m。解析：l解析名词辨义题。根据空格前的 level of anxiety and和空格后的 with their life可以判断，此处需要填入一个名词与 anxiety并列使用，且该名词能与介词 with搭配使用。备选词汇中只有satisfaction“满足”与 anxiety“焦虑”一样，都是表达人的某种情绪，用在此处语义通顺，故选 l。theirlevel of anxiety and satisfaction with their life意为“他们生活中焦虑和满足的程度”。解析：h解析 动词辨义题。空格所在的句子主语为 the students，宾语为 the researchers句中缺少谓语动词。