形容词和副词比较级的变化规则

1、形容词和副词比较级的变化规则兴隆庄镇椁椤树小学董广直接加er双写最后一个 字母加er在单词末尾加 r去y变加er不规则变化oldolderbigbiggerlatelaterheavyheaviergoodbetter1. 一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在 后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est ;（1）单音节词女口： small tsmaller 宀smallest short 宀shorter 宀shortesttall ttaller ttallest greattgreater tgreatest(2)双音节词女口： clever tcleverer tclev

2、erestn arrow t n arrower t n arrowest2. 以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st ；女口： large tlarger tlargest nicetnicer tnicestable tabler tablest3. 在重读闭音节（即：辅音+元音+辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est ;女口： big bigger 宀 biggest hot 宀 hotter 宀 hottestfat fatter fattest4 .以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est

3、 ;女口： easyeasier easiest heavy heavier heaviestbusy busier busiest happy happier happiest5.其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;女口： beautiful more beautiful most beautifuldiffere nt more differe nt most differe nteasily more easily most easily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用 定冠词the，副词最高 级前可不用。例句： The Sahara is the

4、 biggest desert in the world.（2） 形容词 most 前面没有 the ，不表示最高级的含义，只表 示非常。It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.6有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟 记。女口： goodibetter best well better bestbadi worseworst ill worseworstold older/elder oldest/eldestmany/muchmoremost littleless least、形容词、副词的

5、比较级和最高级的用法1.“ A + be +形容词比较级+ than + B ”意思为“A比B更”女口： This tree is taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。 在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类 事物之间的比较。 在比较级前面使用much表示程度程度“强得多”。女口： A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。2. “比较级+ and + 比较级”或“ more and more +原级”表示“越来 越”女口： It become

6、s warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。Our school is beco ming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。3. 在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较 级形式。女口： Who is taller,Tim or Tom谁更高，Tim 还是 Tom4. “the +比较级,the+

7、比较级”，表示“越越”。The more money you make, the more you spe nd.钱你赚得越多，花得越多The sooner ，the better.越快越好。5. 表示倍数的比较级用法： .A istimes the size /height/le ngth/width of B.如:The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。 （ 新楼是旧楼的四倍高 ） . A is times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如： Asia

8、 is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。 （ 亚洲比欧洲大三倍 ） . A is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如： Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。6. 形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比 较，表示“最”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如： of the three, in our class 等等。如： He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的。7.

9、 否定词语+比较级,否定词语+ soas结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.8. 比较级与最高级的转换：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class7. 修饰比较级和最高级的词1）可修饰比较级的词 .a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, m

10、any, a lot, lots, agreat deal, any, still, eve n等。 .还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。 .以上词（除by far）夕卜，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。（令昔）Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.（对）Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2）下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almostThis hat is n early / almost the bigge

11、st.注意：a. very 可修饰最高级，但位置与 much不同。This is the very best.This is much the best.b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africa is the sec ond largest continent.8. 要避免重复使用比较级。（错）He is more cleverer than his brother.（对）He is more clever than his brother.（对）He is cleverer tha n his brother.9. 要避免将主语含在比较对象中。（错）China is larger that

12、 any country in Asia.（对）China is larger than any other country in Asia.10. 要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.11. 要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词比较： Which is larger, Canada or AustraliaWhich is the larger coun try,

13、Can ada or AustraliaShe is taller than her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.比较级的几种主要句法1、 问人的句法：（要用形容词比较级）陈述句：SuHai is older than SuYa ng.一般疑问句：Is Su Hai older than Su Yang特殊疑问句： Who is older than SuYa ng选择性的特殊疑问句：Whois older, Su Hai or Su Yang2、 问物的句法：（要用形容词比较级）陈述句： His ruler is Ion

14、ger tha n her ruler.一般疑问句：Is his ruler Ion ger tha n her ruler特殊疑问句： Whose ruler is Ion ger tha n her ruler选择性的特殊疑问句 ：Whoseruler is Ion ger, his or hers3、 问动作的句法：（要用副词比较级）陈述句： Mike jumps higher than Ben.一般疑问句：Does Mike jump higher than Ben特殊疑问句： Who jumps higher than Ben选择性的特殊疑问句 ：Who jumps higher,

15、Mike or Ben比较级句子中涉及到的人称代词和物主代词的用法1、主格和宾格（原句）Mike is stron ger tha n Nancy.（改一改） He is stron ger tha n her.（原句）This man is taller tha n that man.（改一改）is taller than.（原句）Hele n swims faster tha n Su Yang.（改一改）swims faster than.你能总结一下：什么时候用主格，什么时候用宾格吗2、形物和名物（原句） Liu tao s bag is heavier than Yang Ling

16、s bag.(改一改) His bag is heavier thanher bag.His is heavier thanhers .想一想：红色部分分别是什么类别的物主代词(原句) Mr Green s desk is bigger than Miss Li s desk.( 改一改) desk is bigger thandesk.is bigger tha n.练习、语音选出每组单词中划线部分读音与其余三个不同的单词。()1、A、workerB、workbookCwormD、doctor()2、A、weightB、heightCeightD、eighty()3、A、tha nB、tra

17、fficClateD、ani mal()4、A、n earB、yearCbearD、hear()5、A、moreB、workCworldD、worm、选择填空。()you asas your classmate, Xiao MingA. tall B. taller C. you nger() Saturday morning, they went for aA. I n, walk B. On, walk C. At, walk ing()cat istha n that one.A. thin B. thinner C thiner()4. Whose ruler is Ion ger,A

18、. yours or his B. your or his C. yours or her()5. -What do your pare nts do after supper-They take thedog for a walk.A. cute B. red C. well()your gran dfather 80 years old-Yes, he.A. Is, does B. Are, is C. Is, is三、用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空。I m(tall) than David.Who s(young), you or your brotherWhich is(Ion g),

19、 Chang Jia ng River or the Yellow RiverDavid s bag is(heavy) than(I).Gao Shan runs(fast)tha n his brother.Is your hair as (Ion ger, l on g)as hersYang Ling flies a kite(highertaller)tha n David.My mum (says, say)Jimmy is also her child.I am three mon ths(minu tesm inu te) youger tha n.(he, him)四、课文内

20、容填空Last Sun day morning, Su Hai(go) for a walk in the park. She met Ben andhis cousin Jack. They had a(chat). Jack was not the only (children) .Hehad a brother Jimmy. That s a(cute) dog. Jack was 6 years old. Ben was(old) tha n him. Ben was also(tall) and(heavy) tha n him. Ben was as (old) as Su Hai. But he was(str ong) tha n Su Hai. Su Hai had a (tw ins) sister Su Yang. Su Yang was twenty(minu te)(young) tha n Su Hai.五、完成阅读理解，教师讲评。Mr. White and Mrs. White work in the same hospital