第5部分：填词补文

1、1第五部分：填词补文（第3140题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中，10个 取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复 文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。分析句子成分，根据所缺的成分确定词类，这样可以大大缩 小范围，提高效率和正确率。现在把句子成分和词类进行匹 配：（1 ）缺主语用名词或动名词。例如：Diligence can make up for a lack of intelligence.Learning a foreign language well is important for us.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识

2、点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decide which of the following is the best choice forthe missing information.His resulted in theaccident.A. carelessnessB.careC. carefulD .careless【答案】A【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺主语用名 词或动名词。该句空格处要填的词作主语，故选择名词，所 以从A或B中进行选择，但B项含义不符，故正确答案为A。 该句的意思是他的粗心大意引起了这起事故。【知识点】填词补文之缺主语用名词或动名词（2）缺谓语用动词。例如：He is help

3、ing the little girl with her English now.Great changes have taken place in China since the introduction of the reform andopening policy.Her topic was complex, but she simplified it in a way that we could all understand.(3) 缺宾语用名词。例如：Any policy that creates unemployment will meet with strong resistan

4、ce.The test measures language learners achievement in reading English novels.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decide which of the following is the best choice forthe missing information.When I saw her, sheat thecomputer.A. workerB .is workedC . was workingD .worked【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺谓语用动词。本句缺少谓语动词，故首先排除A。

5、B选项时态和从句的时态矛盾，故应排除。根据时间状语从句，本句的主句部 分应该使用过去进行时态，故选Co【知识点】填词补文之缺谓语用动词(4) 缺表语用形容词或名词。联系动词包括be (am, is, are),变化词(become, get, turn, go, fall)，保持动词(keep,stay, remain)，感官动词(look, sound, taste, smell, feel) 等。 例如：It is very lovely.She was frightened when she heard about the accident.The traffic light has t

6、urned yellow, so youd better wait a while.If you dont put the meat in the fridge in hot summer, it will gobad soon.Everything has fallen quiet at the disappointing news.He decided that he would keep single his whole life.To stay healthy, wed better have proper exercises every day.The cloth feels ver

7、y soft.He is a worker while his wife is an actress.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decide which of the following is the best choice forthe missing information.His teacher helped him staywhile teaching himmath in his native Spanish. A . smartnessB . being smartC. smartD.smartly【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺少表语用 形容词或

8、名词。本句中stay意为保持，是联系动词，后面要接形容词作表语，故正确答案为Co【知识点】填词补文之缺少表语用形容词或名词（5 ）缺定语应该考虑形容词，其次是名词。例如：an interesting story （此处补充 -ing / -ed 的区别）a huge mistakea careful studentdeath / birth / marriage /divorce rate请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decide which of the following is the best choice forthe missing information.H

9、e told us an fact that therate of thestudents in that small village was very high.A . astonishing, dropoutB .astonished,dropoutsC .astonish,dropoutingD . astonishment,dropout【答案】A【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺少定语用 形容词或名词。本句中空格处需要填的词在句子作定语，故 首选形容词，次选名词。令人吃惊的事实是an astonishing fact。率”需要用名词作定语，故选择dropoutrate意为辍学率。故正确答案

10、为 A。【知识点】填词补文之 缺少定语用形容词或名词（6）缺状语用副词，副词可以用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。例如:He is walking very slowly.Learning a foreign language well is extremely important to people working injoint ventures.Undoubtedly, Taiwan is part of China.Unluckily, he was badly injured in the accident.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decide wh

11、ich of the following is the best choice forthe missing information.After his divorce, he began to drink .A.heavinessB. heavierC. heavilyD . heavy【答案】C【解析】本题考查填词补文之缺状语用副词。本句中需要填入的单词修饰动词drink，作状语，故需要选择副词C。【知识点】填词补文之缺状语用副词(7)非谓语动词分词请务必搞清楚现在分词和过去分词的区别：前者表示主动，后者表示被动；前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示动作已经完成。例如：the exploitin

12、g class 剥肖U阶级 / the exploited classdeveloping countries / developed countriesWhen he came to, he found himself lying in hospital.When he got off the bus, he found his wallet stolen.There was so much noise that the speaker couldnt make himself heard.Finishing / Having finished his homework, he decide

13、d to see a film.Finished / Having been finished, his homework got an A.Weather / Time permitting, we will go for an outing this weekend.The blind man guided by the boy, they slowly went across the street.不定式包括两种形式：to do sth., do sth.常接do sth.作宾补的动词有： 一感(feel),二听(listen to, hear),三让(let, make, have)，

14、四看(see,notice, watch, look at)，半帮助(help)。例如：I heard him singing the song just now. (注意区分：I heard him sing the song.)请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】Decide which of the following is the best choice forthe missing information.You may have even heard themto people sayingthereisanythingdifferentaboutthem.A .

15、 objectB . objectiveC . objectionD .objectively【答案】A【解析】本题考查接秃头不定式作宾补的动词 hear。hear sb. dosth,意为”听到某人做了某事”，object意为反对”，后面接宾 语时要先加介词 to，即构成object to （doing）sth.的结构。objective意为”（作形容词）客观的；（作名词） 目标；objection意为反对；objectively为副词，意为客观 地。本句不要误以为需要修饰动词短语 hearthem的状语而误选了副词 D。本句需要填入空格的是作宾补 的动词形式，故选择 A。【知识点】接秃头不

16、定式作宾补的 动词（8 ）介词后接名词或动名词构成介宾结构。例如：pay for ones educationsuffer from cancerlook forward to hearing from sb.He left without saying goodbye.Passage 1 （选自大纲样题）A. requiredE. increaseI. decisionB. roseF.beganJ. easyC. pulledG. interestsK. struggleD. extraH. primarilyL. currently解题方法：把词分类动词名词形容词副词A. require

17、dE. increaseD. extraH. primarilyB. roseG. interestsJ. easyL. currentlyC. pulledl. decisionE. increaseK. struggleF. beganK. struggle （引申为：困难，艰巨的任务）Teach Your Kids at HomeAs most kids went back to school at the beginning of the semester in the fall, asmall but growing army of parents just said no to s

18、chool. Some people like JeanForbes thought their children needed 31 Dattention. Forbes is a former actresswhose current career is teaching her two sons. Her son Allen is dyslexic （有诵读困难的）.She 32 Chim out of public school six years ago because shefelt teachers werent helping him enough.Other parents

19、want to give their kids the chance to follow their33 Grather thana textbook. Outside Los Angeles, Nancy Kinseys kids are studying bats rightnow. They study everything from their diet to their wing span (翼展)to thespecifics of their natural habitat. They have even built a bat house in thebackyard, and

20、 this task 34 Amany hours of practical math problems.There are also parents who choose home schooling to solve what they think is ashort-term problem and find a long-term challenge. Eric andJoyce Burgess 35Fhome schooling nearly a decade ago after their son Eric Jr. had a disastrousyear at a famous

21、high school. It was a(n) 36 Kat first; neither isaprofessional teacher. But as Eric Jr.s confidence 37 Bat home, so did Joyces,and she now teaches her other kids at home as well.While there are no national statistics, researchers who study home schoolingestimate that 1.5 million youngsters are curre

22、ntly being taught38 Hby theirmothers and fathers. Thats five times the number of homeschoolers just a decadeago and bigger than the nations largest public-school system ofNew York City.The 39 Eis especially remarkable (非凡的，卓越的，不寻常的)in an era of two-income families,since it requires one parent to sta

23、y home at some financial sacrifice.Despite all the advantages of home schooling, it is not a(n) 40Jjob. Homeschooling is not something you should rush into; it is a commitment that has tobe followed through.小贴士：把词分类，然后根据所缺的句子成分去分析所需的词类，可以大大缩小备选范围，从而提高正确率。Passage 2 (选自 Self-Assessment 2)A. wondersE.

24、alwaysI. alreadyB. doubtF. successfulJ. treasureC. comeG. carefulK. praiseD. beginsH. singleL. offers解题方法：把词分类动词名词形容词副词A. wondersA. wondersF. carefulE. alwaysB. doubtB. doubtG . carefull. alreadyC. come J. treasureH. singleD. beginsK. praiseJ.treasureL. offersK.praiseL. offersThe Power of Positive W

25、ords in the Family1 As a writer and psychotherapist (心理医师),1 have been using words carefully mostof my life. While counseling a husband and wife, I notice that a(31)_H_word can stir their emotions and take their conversation to a dark place thatthey both know is negative.2 World peace (32)D with pea

26、ce in the family. As atherapist 治疗师，Iveheard many adults recite hurtful words they heard decades ago21from a parent or abrother or sister. Care in speaking to children requires a degree ofself-possession, the ability to see past the blind emotion of the moment to theneeds of the child. Good words (3

27、3)Cfrom that greatervision.3 For example, words of extreme praise can do (34) Afor the injured ego(自我)of a child or spouse. Sometimes its helpful to give words to what isusually left unspoken. I appreciate what you did for me. Im happy that yourewith me. Simple, direct and heart-felt words of (35)K,

28、appreciation andgratitude often go unsaid, when they could be a handy 便利的， 手边的 means of healing.Words hurt and words heal.4 Every day (36) L opportunities to say words ofencouragement andrecognition. No matter how strong or (37)Fwe are, weall need suchwords. But often they may seem unnecessary. My r

29、ule is: if the thought occurs tome to say something supportive, I say it. You can never speak too often inpraise and appreciation. You can also receive that praise, when it comes,gracefully - with words. Thank you for saying that. I need to hear that.5 A friend of our family, an intelligent, progres

30、sive Catholic priest, (38)Epraises our children to the skies. He is very extreme in his language,and everyone knows he overdoes it with his praise. But we all love to see him,and we (39)Jhis friendship. We dont need realism andmoderation (适度)fromsuch a friend.6 Everywhere today, marriage partners an

31、d children are in distress 在困境中.I haveno (40) B that one simple solution would be to offerthem words ofsupport. When used with care, language can be therapeutic 治疗的，有益于健康的 .Even, andmaybe especially, when a person is being difficult and aggressive, words ofunderstanding and affirmation, realistic an

32、d felt, can often help.Passage 3 (选自 Self-Assessment 3)A. sociallyE. terrifyingC. capacityB. victimsF. qualityJ. droppedC. approachG. raisedK. interviewD. expansionH. soaredL. companion解题方法：把词分类动词名词形容词副词C. approach B. victims E. terrifyingA. sociallyG. raised C. approachH. soaredD. expansionJ.droppe

33、dF. qualityK.interviewI. capacityK.interviewL. companion (同伴，朋友，在这里引申为“成对的物品之一”)The Price of Progress1 Weve become the (31)B of our own success, Dr.Jackson said of thepublic health mission that cleared cities of congested 拥挤不堪 的 slums. By livingfar from where we work, we reduced crowding and improve

34、d the (32)Fof ourair and water, which drove down rates of infectious disease.But as people havemoved farther and farther from where they work, shop and socialize, the rates ofchronic diseases have (33)G.2 Public transportation has not kept pace with the (34)Dof suburbs andexurbs (远郊).Nor are there e

35、nough sidewalks, nearby parks and safe places towalk, cycle or play outdoors in many, if not most, towns.Parents spend hours incars getting to and from work; children are bused or driven toand from school;and those who cant drive must depend on others o take them everywhere or riskbecoming (35) A isolated.3 In 1974, 66 percent of all children walked or biked to school.By 2000, thatnumber had (36)Jto 13 percent. Children who grow upin suburbia (郊区)cant meet their life needs without getting a ride somewhere, Dr.Jackson