[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟250

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟250专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟250专业八级分类模拟250LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE T

2、HAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minu

3、tes to check your work. UK Newspapers . Brief introduction many 1 newspapers no national 2 titles being divided into three groups: mass market newspaper, middle market newspaper, quality broadsheets . Several particular aspects about UK Newspapers A. Size The Independent, The Times producing 3 editi

4、on The Guardian, The Observer switching to Berliner The Daily Telegraph, The Sunday Telegraph, and most parts of Th Sunday Times being in 4 size B. 5 The Sun being Conservative, The Daily Mirror being 6 C. The middle-market newspaper particular readership 7 women a cheap 8 for magazine 9 aiming at t

5、he husband being most popular for being irony D. The quality papers being most famous to readers 10 E. The free 11 appearing recently F. One of the ways forward: 12 . The development of Newspaper Company in different ways new sizes and 13 held to arrest the decline in sales declined sales but increa

6、sed 14 of news companies owning their own content 1)the best way to consume the content being on small sheets 2)most companies having their own 15 (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1.答案:national听力原文 UK Newspapers Last time we talked about the newspaper in the USA, and this time we shall focus on that of the UK.

7、Because of the small geographical area of the UK, and the good travel infrastructure, there are many national newspapersunlike the United States, where most newspapers are printed and published locally. Unlike France, the main national papers are morning newspapers; indeed, there are no national eve

8、ning titles. UK newspapers are generally grouped into three, mass market newspaper in small size, or red-tops such as The Sun, middle-market newspaper in small size such as The Daily Mail, and quality broadsheets such as The Times. Unlike other European countries, there are no daily all-sport newspa

9、pers. I will talk about them from the following several aspects: First, its size that matters. In October 2003, quality broadsheet The Independent began producing what it preferred to call a compact edition small-sizedalong with the main broadsheet sized newspaper. This had a stunning effect on circ

10、ulationsales went up by 20% year-on-yearand The Times followed suit launching its own compact edition. Both newspapers are now exclusively available in compact form. The Guardian, which denounced the original shift to compact before planning and then junking its own compact format, switched in Septe

11、mber 2005 to a mid-size format between newspaper in small size and broadsheet, known as the Berliner. This is roughly the same width as a newspaper in small size (thus easy to open using public transport), but taller, and therefore giving more flexibility in page design. Its sister paper The Observe

12、r also followed suit in January 2006. The Daily Telegraph is the only remaining weekday broadsheet. It apparently gained from The Times when the latter switched to newspaper in small size, and sees the broadsheet size as being a differentiatorsome advertising has claimed that Telegraph readers have

13、a broader view. The Sunday Telegraph and most sections of The Sunday Times are also in broadsheet size. The second aspect is the political leanings in some papers. The two most-popular newspapers are The Sun and The Daily Mirror. Bitter rivals, the papers traditionally hold very differing political

14、views. The Sun being Conservative since the early 1970s, while The Mirror being Labor. The Sun veered towards Tony Blairs Labor Party six weeks before his victory in 1997, and has supported Labor in subsequent general elections in 2001 and 2005. However, recently the paper has been more critical of

15、Gordon Brown, and more supportive of the leader of the opposition, David Cameron. Third, the middle-market newspaper in small sizes, The Daily Mail and The Daily Express are concerned with a very different readershipthat of affluent women. Weekend supplements and carefully-placed sponsorship ensure

16、that these titles are a cheap alternative to a magazine, while sports supplements aimed at the husband aim to broaden their readership. The Daily Mail has a reliable right-wing agenda, and is mocked by some for their over alarmist headlines, particularly about political asylum seekers, house prices

17、and things that give you cancer in 2009, The Daily Mail claimed in the same month that coffee would give you cancer, as well as cure you from cancer in different stories. However, its formula, said by former owner Lord Northcliffe to give his readers a daily hate, has made The Daily Mail one of the

18、most popular newspapers in the UK. Fourth, the quality papersthe broadsheets, though not that size anymore, are probably the most famous to readers overseas. The Times, the UKs oldest national newspaper, is not the most popularthat accolade falls to The Daily Telegraph, known affectionately as The D

19、aily Torygraph because of the staunch support to the Conservative Party. The Independent, The Guardian and the financial newspaper The Financial Times make up the rest of the so-called quality papers. Its important to notice, though, that the mass-market newspaper in small size sell up to four times

20、 as many copies as the broadsheetsand if youre looking in vain for The London Times, such a newspaper title has never, in fact, existedThe Times has always been a national newspaper. The Guardian, once based in Manchester, was known as The Manchester Guardian until the sixties. Fifth, a relatively r

21、ecent phenomenon in the newspaper industry has been the free morning papers. Free weekly papers are fairly common, supported by advertising and carrying little in the way of editorial. But now, with the launch of Associates Metro and similar titles in many metropolitan areas, these newspapers thrive

22、 on public transport and in busy cities. Sixth, consolidation seems one of the ways forward. The Times and The Suns parent company also owns Sky television, the UKs satellite television service. The Guardian group now owns the Smooth FM and Real Radio stations, as well as probably the biggest Intern

23、et presence for a newspaper. On a local scale, the Kent Messenger group also owns the local KM fm radio stations in many areas of Kent, and aggressively cross-promotes them. New sizes and formats were held to arrest the decline of newspaper buying. In June 2004, newspaper sales were declining year-b

24、y-year by 4.7% the only increases worldwide, in fact, coming in developing countries. However, reductions in size for some of the newspapers meant a temporary increase in circulation. And, while newspaper sales have been slowly declining, consumption of news can be claimed to have vastly increased:

25、whether from the Internet, or one of the many non-stop news channels available to UK viewers. Newspaper companies own their content. The best way of consumption of this content at present is on small sheets of dead, pulped, reformed, wood. It requires no recharging; losing a newspaper is not a major

26、 problem; and delivery and availability is easy. However, all national papers now have their own websites; some are shifting classified advertising away from the printed paper. Content is a useful commodityand the way this is presented in the future may well change. The cleverest newspapers will ada

27、pt to use their content in different ways. Thank you for attending the lecture. If you have interests in other topics, please tell me now and we will talk about it next time. 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，由于英国国土面积较小，加之完善的旅游设施，因此有很多国家性的报纸，这与美国的大多数报纸在本地内印刷出版有很大不同，所以填national。 2.答案:evening考点 本题设题点在对比处。 根据听力原文可

28、知，英国是没有晚报的，故答案为evening。 3.答案:compact考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，报纸版面的大小也很关键，从2003年10月起，独立报开始出版压缩版报纸，故答案为compact。 4.答案:broadsheet考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，周日电讯报和周日时代报的大部分板块仍然保持大版面的形式，故答案为broadsheet。 5.答案:Political leanings考点 本题考点设在分论点处。 根据听力原文可知，关于英国报纸的第二个方面是其政治倾向，所以填Political leanings，此外注意首字母须大写。 6.答案:Labor考点

29、 本题设题点在对比处。 根据听力原文可知，不同报纸有不同的政治倾向，镜报倾向于工党，故答案为Labor，注意首字母大写。 7.答案:affluent考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，有些中端市场的文摘，如每日邮报和每日快报，它们的读者群体主要是比较富裕的女性，故答案为affluent。 8.答案:substitute/alternative考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，周末刊物和精心的赞助确保了这些报纸是较为便宜的杂志替代品，所以填substitute/alternative。 9.答案:sports supplements考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，针

30、对男性的体育报纸旨在为了扩大读者群，所以填sports supplements。 10.答案:overseas考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，高质量的报纸是最受海外读者欢迎的，故答案为overseas。 11.答案:morning papers考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，最近报业出现了免费早报，故答案为morning papers，注意用复数。 12.答案:consolidation考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，联合是发展趋势之一，故答案为consolidation。 13.答案:formats考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，设计不同尺寸和

31、版式的报纸主要是为了抑制日益减少的报纸销量，所以填formats。 14.答案:consumption考点 本题设题点在转折处。 根据听力原文可知，报纸的销售量下降了，但是人们对新闻的“消费”量却增长了，故答案为consumption。 15.答案:websites考点 本题设题点在转折处。 根据听力原文可知，所有的国家级报纸都有自己的网站，故答案为websites。 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At

32、the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on

33、ANSWER SHEET TWO. (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 1.A.How to change your annoying co-workers.B.How to unhook yourself.C.How to handle conflicts between co-workers.D.How to deal with the annoying co-workers.答案:D听力原文 M: If you would like to know how to deal with the aggravating people who make you dread of going

34、 into the office, Katherine Crowley, the writer of a book called Working with You Is Killing Me: Freeing Yourself from Emotional Traps at Work will tell you the answer. She joins us now. Good to have you with us. W: Good morning. M: What surprised me when I read this book is you say Quit complaining

35、, do something. You say the best thing to do is to change yourself because you are not going to change the other person. W: Thats right. What I found in working with many thousands of people over the last 20 years is that its futile to try and change another person. So, the best thing you can do is

36、begin by changing your internal reaction and then we give you very concrete tools for how to change your experience. M: Whats this business about unhooking yourself? W: Well, we give you this process. Its actually four steps and the first two steps are to cool down your system. Because as we all kno

37、w, when those co-workers really annoy you, you immediately get upset. So the first two steps are deep breathing or doing some sort of physical exercise if you can run out of the building and walk around the block. M: Yeah. You say you spend a lot of time talking people off the ledge, which is essent

38、ially calming them down. But once youve done that and that seems very intuitive, then what do we do? W: Well, the next two steps would be taking action. To unhook verbally as what we say, you should find something to move the situation forward and take the high road not accusatory but a win-win kind

39、 of communication, and then you look for a business tool whether its documentation of some kind or sending out an e-mail or referring to a job description. M: Okay, but doesnt it seem a little defeatist to say you have to change yourself? Is it really me that has to change as supposed to the other p

40、erson? W: Well, have you ever changed anybody? No, you cant. You cant change somebody. But if you can change your reaction to them, youll have a much better love-work life. M: Yeah, but they are still going to be annoying, arent they? W: Thats right. They are not going to change, so in part of the b

41、ook we explain to you how to detach and stop taking it personally. M: Alright. You spend a lot of time telling me about types of co-workers. So what is the most common annoying type of co-workers? W: The most common annoying type of co-workers are called boundary-busters. So, whether its someone who

42、 invades your space, makes too much noise, eats up your time, chews your ear off. Those are boundary-busters. What does this part of the interview focus on? 本题设题点在开篇处。根据听力原文可知，此部分访谈主要讨论的是如何与烦人的同事相处，因此D为正确答案。选项A和C在原文并未提及，故排除；选项B只是此次访谈讨论的问题的一方面，所以也排除。 2.A.To stop complaining.B.To take action.C.The way

43、 to change others.D.Forming a correct understanding.答案:C听力原文 What is NOT mentioned in Katherines book? 本题考查重要细节。根据听力原文可知，凯瑟琳的书中提到“不要抱怨，采取行动”，所以排除A和B；根据听力原文可知，烦人的同事是不会改变的，书中解释了如何对自己有正确的认识并不再把这个问题归咎于自己，而不是改变他人的方法，因此C为正确答案。 3.A.Changing your working place.B.Changing your own reaction.C.Trying to change

44、 them.D.Trying to tolerate them.答案:B听力原文 Which of the following is the best way to deal with the annoying co-workers? 本题设题点在方法途径处。根据听力原文可知，处理有关恼人同事问题的最好方法是设法改变自己的内心反应，而不是试图改变对方，因为这是徒劳的。因此B为正确答案。 4.A.Cooling yourself down plus good communication.B.Deep breathing plus sending e-mail.C.Physical exercis

45、e plus documentation.D.Accusation plus taking action.答案:A听力原文 According to the interview, how can you unhook yourself? 本题设题点在对话问答处。根据听力原文可知，使自己从恼人的境况中解放出来有四个步骤，其中前两步的目的是先让自己冷静下来，这需要一个过程。具体的做法是，做深呼吸或做一些体育运动。接下来的两步就是采取行动，即利用业务使彼此找到机会得以沟通并达成共赢，譬如通过递文件、发邮件或谈及工作项目规划等方式，而不是去责难对方。因此A为正确答案。 5.A.Personal spa

46、ce invaders.B.Noisy co-workers.C.Those wasting your time.D.Those fighting with you.答案:D听力原文 Which of the following can NOT describe boundary-busters? 本题设题点在信息列举处。根据听力原文可知，破坏界限者是那些入侵你的空间、发出太多噪音、耗费你的时间并且唠唠叨叨的人，故排除A、B和C。原文并未提及打架，因此D为正确答案。 (如需获取本MP3听力录音请搜索标题名) 6.A.Your temper.B.The way of communication.

47、C.The road that you take.D.The tactics that you take.答案:C听力原文 M: And how do I deal with them? W: Most of the time you do have to confront the boundary-buster. But what we suggest is again to cool your system down, make sure you take the high road. Youd better say in a way that they actually say Oh,

48、okay, I hear you, rather than yelling at him. What we tend to say is You are so loud instead of saying you know what, it really bothers me, I cant concentrate when your voice goes up, so can you please calm it down? So its a way, its a communication style and we give many examples in Working With Yo

49、u Is Killing Me. M: Okay. And whats the worst kind of co-worker? W: Well, what we call the worst kind, what weve decided among ourselves is the wrecker and this is because this person will speak very sweetly to you, and in the meantime, stab your back, one way or another, behind you. M: Right, and w

50、hat should I do about that? W: Well, you have to be your own, wage your own PR campaign, that is public relation campaign. As soon as you detect that somebody is talking negatively about you, you need to just make sure that youre at every meeting and find out what the person is saying about you. And

51、 wage your own PR campaign, get people to speak better of you, and ultimately they get caught. M: Right. The key with the wrecker is you have to detect it. When does it get to the point that either you have to quit or the annoying person has to quit? W: Thats a really good question. And what we say in Working With You Is Killing Me is that, you actually have to figure out your tolerance level and you also need to determine what