[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟179

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟179专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟179专业八级分类模拟179LANGUAGE USAGESeveral years ago, we began construction on a newchurch building. In the beginning, the workmen dug a big pit in the ground and then they began to pour footings. Footings arecement piers under which the entire building rests. They 1a

2、re crucial to the strength of the finished structure. After thefoundation hole is dug, the footings must be poured quickly,before the composition of the soil is changed by the wind,air, or water. With a similar way in these brief early years, 2parents of young children have the challenging job of ly

3、ing 3the foundation that will support family friendships in lateryears. Physical affectation and verbal affirmation are necessary 4 in laying a strong foundation for friendship. Hug, hug, hug.Even if you are not raised in a hugging family, hug your 5kids anyway. They need the warmth of physical cont

4、act 6and so do you need. A young child will try to manipulateand be in the charge. He will attempt to get his own way. 7Since the child may not be consciously trying to control, 8this is what he is doing. A wise parent must not permit to 9happen. When a child respects his parents, he will also respe

5、ct the others. 101.答案:underupon/on解析 footing是“地基”的意思，那么，一般来说，整幢建筑怎么可能在地基之下呢?所以，介词under应该改成upon或on。一些改错题也要从逻辑和常识的角度推敲。2.答案:WithIn解析 in a similar way的意思是“以一种相似的方式”，way表示方式时通常和介词in搭配。3.答案:lyinglaying解析 lying是lie的-ing分词，而lie的意思是“平躺”或“说谎”，都和原文的意思及搭配不符。lie和lay由于形近，曲折变化的一定复杂性经常出现在考题中，要仔细辨别。4.答案:affectation

6、affection解析 affectation和affection虽然相差无几，意思却是相去甚远，前者是“不自然、做作”，后者是“感情、慈爱”。这里应该用affection，physical affection的意思是“通过身体语言表现出来的慈爱”。5.答案:arewere解析 文中的you所指的是孩子的父母，那么已经为人父母的人被养大成人的过程应该是在过去时间。所以这里应该用过去时态。6.答案:need/解析 “so+代动词do+somebody”这个结构已经替代了前面句子的谓语，是一个动词性替代，所以need是多余的。例如：I like listening to music. So doe

7、s my brother.7.答案:the/解析 be in charge意思是“主管、控制”，这里是说孩子们有时候试图成为控制者。如果说in ones charge或in the charge of somebody，意思则是被某人看管。8.答案:SinceWhile/Although/Though解析 这里要理解主从句的逻辑关系，从句是说小孩子也没有意识到自己的控制欲，主句说他实际上确实有控制欲，两者不是因果关系，而是让步关系。9.答案:permitthis解析 permit是及物动词，而且不能直接以动词不定式作宾语，必须由名词或代词作宾语，所以要加一个代词this用于指代前文所述内容。1

8、0.答案:the/解析 others指“别人”，没有数量范围的限定；the others指“其他的人”，有数量范围的限定。这里只是泛指“别人”，所以不应该加定冠词。The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of theaverage change over time in the prices paid by urbanconsumers for a market basket of consumer good and 11services. The CPI affects nearly all Americans because of thema

9、ny ways which it is used. Three major uses are: Firstly, 12as an economic indicator. The CPI is the most widely usedmeasurement of inflation and is sometimes viewed as an 13indicator of the effectiveness of government economicpolicy. It provides informations about price changes in 14the nations econ

10、omy to government, business, labor, andother private citizens, and is used by them as a guide tomake economic decisions. Secondly, as a deflator of other 15economic series. The CPI and its components are used toadjusting other economic series for price changes and to 16translate these series into in

11、flation-free dollars. An interestingexample of these is the use of the CPI as a deflator 17of the value of the consumers dollar to find its purchasingpower. The purchasing power of the consumers dollarmeasures the change in the value to the consumer ofgoods and services that a dollar will buy at dif

12、ferent dates.By other words, as prices increase, the purchasing power 18of the consumers dollar declines. Third, as a means of 19adjusting dollar values. The CPI is often used to adjustconsumers income payments; to adjust income eligibility 20levels for government assistance; and to automaticallypro

13、vide cost-of-living wage adjustments to millions ofAmerican workers.11.答案:goodgoods解析 这里应该是“产品和服务”，表示“产品”时，名词goods只能用复数形式。12.答案:whichin或which/解析 当关系分句的先行词是the way(s)，表示“方式”时，关系代词应该是in which或者in which省略。13.答案:measurementmeasure解析 measurement是“(量得的)尺寸”，如：The tailor took down the measurements of the la

14、dy on a piece of paper. 这与上下文的意思不符，应该用measure，表示“衡量标准”。14.答案:informationsinformation解析 information是不可数名词，不可以说an information，也不可以说informations，如果要表示数量，可以说a piece of information，a large quantity of information。15.答案:makemaking解析 应该说guide to something，这个词组中to是介词，例如：The book is a good guide to English l

15、iterature.16.答案:adjustingadjust解析 句中be used to的意思是“被用来”，所以这时候to是不定式符号。如果be used to解释为“习惯于”时，to就是介词了。17.答案:thesethis解析 原句中的代词these的先行词是the use，是单数，所以应该用this。18.答案:ByIn解析 “换句话说”应该是in other words。19.答案:ThirdThirdly解析 表示序列时，所用的序数词应当保持前后一致。如果一开始用first，后面依次用second，third等；如果一开始用firstly，后面依次用secondly, third

16、ly等。前文中“第一”、“第二”用的都是副词firstly，secondly。所以，这里应该用thirdly。20.答案:consumersconsumers或consumersthe解析 注意属格的用法。如果是名词复数，那么“”符号应该点在名词复数标记之后，否则名词应该用单数形式，但是这时要注意单数名词前冠词的使用。Globalization is the present worldwide driving toward 21a globalized economic system dominated by supranationalcorporate trade and banking i

17、nstitutions thatare not accountable for democratic processes or national 22governments. Globalization is not a phenomenon. It isnot just some passing trends. Today it is an overarching 23international system shaping the domestic politicsand foreign relations of virtually every country,and we need to

18、 understand it like such. Globalization 24is more like fire. Fire itself is neither good nor 25bad. Used properly, it can cook food, sterilize equipment,form iron, and heat our homes. Used carelessly,fire can destroy lives, towns and forests in an instant.Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark s

19、ide. Butit can also take tremendous opportunities and benefits. 26 Just as capitalism requires network of governing 27 systems to keep them from devouring societies, globalization 28requires vigilance and the rule of law. Globalization willalways have cheerleaders who are blind to the destructionglo

20、balization can cause. And it will always have stridentopponents blind to the way globalization gives to some 29people their first opportunity to fulfill basic aspirations. Aswith most issues, the majority of people will be in middle. 30They will see globalization not as something to worshipor demoni

21、ze. Instead, they wilt see it as something tomold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone.21.答案:drivingdrive解析 要区分driving和drive，driving是动词“驾驶”的名词，这和句子的意思不符；drive作为名词的意思是“运动、动力”，符合句子的意思。22.答案:forto解析 这里是介词搭配的错误。介词与形容词、动词、名词的搭配是英语学习也是各种英语考试的重点和难点，平时要多积累。accountable和介词to搭配，意思是“对负责，对有义务”，例如：The

22、 super-markets should be accountable to their customers. 超市要对它的顾客负责。23.答案:trendstrend解析 原句的意思是“全球化不仅仅是某种短暂的潮流”，some在这里并不是“一些”，而是“某一种”，而且trend实际上指的是主语it，所以trend应该用单数形式，而且也与主语it相对应。24.答案:likeas解析 没有like such这样的搭配，尽管从中文的字面意思上是说得通的。符合英文表达习惯的说法是“as such”，意思是“in the true meaning of the word”，如：There shoul

23、d be a law ensuring products tested on animals have to be labeled as such.25.答案:more/或moremuch解析 使用比较级需要上下文或语境中有比较的对象。所以在这里用more like是不合适的，应该改成原级。这一点和中文表达习惯不太一样。26.答案:takebring解析 “带来机会”应该表达为bring opportunities。27.答案:networka解析 network是可数名词，a network of的意思是“一套(规则、制度等)”。28.答案:themit解析 代词的先行词是capitalis

24、m，所以应该用单数。29.答案:to(some people)/解析 在give somebody an opportunity to do something这个表达中，somebody作give的间接宾语，不加介词to。30.答案:middlethe解析 “be in the middle”的意思是“中立，夹在中间”，定冠词是习惯用法。Jane Austen was an English novelist, who spent her lifein middle-class society, which she described intimately andwith ironical h

25、umour in her novels, the most famous whichare Sense and Sensibility, Mansfield Park, Emma, andPersuasion. She was the first English writer who gave thenovel their modern characteristics through the treatment of 31everyday life. Since Austen was widely read in her lifetime, 32she published her works

26、anonymously. The most emergent 33preoccupation of her bright, young heroines is courtship andfinally marriage. Austen herself never married. Jane Austenwas mostly tutored at home, and irregularly at school,but she accepted a broader education than many women 34of her time. She started to write for f

27、amily amusement asa child. Her parents were avid reader. Very shy about her 35writing, she wrote on small pieces of paper that she slippedunder the desk. In her letters she observed the daily lives of 36her family and friends in an intimate and gossipy manner.Austens father supported his daughters w

28、riting aspirationsand tried to help her get a publisher. Austen never married,but her social life was positive and she had suitors and 37romantic dreams. Austen well connected with the middling-rich 38landed gentry that she portrayed in her novels. Austenwas focused on middle-class provincial life w

29、ith humor and 39understanding. She depicted minor landed gentry, countryclergymen and their families, there marriage mainly 40determined womens social status.31.答案:theirits解析 此处代词的先行词是the novel，所以应该用单数形式。32.答案:SinceAlthough/Though解析 要能发现这里连词的错误，必须理解两个分句的意义和逻辑关系。从句是说奥斯汀拥有广大的读者群，主句是说她的作品都是匿名出版的。所以从逻辑上来说两个分句不是因果关系，而是让步关系。33.答案:emergenturgent解析 emergent和urgent是两个易混淆的单词，前者是“浮现出来的”，后者是“紧急的”。句中