跨文化交际实用教程胡超编著Unit1

1、culture is a bridge.culture is a bridge. objectives learn the purpose of learning the course. learn the notions of culture, communication and intercultural communication. learn the differences between chinese and western cultures i. warm-up cases please discuss the cases in groups and make a comment

2、 on it. case 1: showing concern in china: xiao li (an interpreter): you must be very tired. youre old catherine (an elderly american lady): oh, im not old, and im not tired. in the west, there is a value placed in being young that many people consciously, or subconsciously, are not willing to accept

3、 that they are growing old. a: how are you doing now? would you like to rest? b: no, not a bit. comment the way of showing concern is different. in china in the west statementstatementquestionquestion must how would i. warm-up cases case 2: a canadian colleague and i traveled to guilin with our admi

4、rable guide heping liu in very hot weather. sightseeing is a thirsty business. we did not trust the water, and enjoyed excellent beer. we politely offered some to heping but he refused. we said nothing and drank our beer, while poor heping watched. on another day, heping quickly accepted our offer o

5、f beer. i. warm-up cases questions for discussion: in your daily life, do you often accept first offer? if yes, in what situation? i. warm-up cases comment first offerfirst offer chinesechinese westernerswesterners second or third offer religious reasons reformed alcoholic allergic modest polite wel

6、l-behaved people are different throughout the world, culturally, religiously, ideologically ,aidildikali (思想上；意识形态上思想上；意识形态上) and racially, actually different in almost every aspect. why to take intercultural communication? throughout this course, you will have the opportunity to gain knowledge, ski

7、lls and attitudes that will increase your intercultural communication competence. therefore, we are supposed to know about their differences as much as possible, just for a smooth communication among the homo sapiens(现代人现代人), the people in the global village. the objectives 1)to explore cultural sel

8、f-awareness, other culture awareness and the dynamics that arise in interactions between the two. 2)to understand how communication processes differ among cultures. 3)to identify challenges arise from these differences in intercultural interactions and learn ways to creatively address them. to acqui

9、re knowledge and develop skills that increase intercultural competence. culture is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people. i. what is cu

10、lture? ii. culture, communication, and intercultural communication 4. characteristics of culture 1) culture is shared. 2) culture is not innate, it is learned. 3) culture is based on symbols. 4) culture is an integrated system. 5) culture is dynamic. 6) culture is ethnocentric,enusentrik (民族中心主义的民族中

11、心主义的;种族优越感的种族优越感的) . 7) culture is adaptive. i. what is culture? i. what is communication? ii. culture, communication, and intercultural communication communication is a process in which people attempt to share their internal states with other people through the use of symbols. ii. culture, communic

12、ation, and intercultural communication 2. the functions of communication gather information about others. help fulfill interpersonal needs. establish personal identities. influence others. we learn to communicate. ii. culture, communication, and intercultural communication 1. intercultural communica

13、tion intercultural communication means communication between people from different cultural backgrounds. iii. what is intercultural communication? 2.model of intercultural communication 16 the more similarities two cultures share, the less influence culture will have on communication. therefore, the

14、 less messages will be changed during communication. the less the cultures are alike, the more likely the messages will be changed. misunderstanding in intercultural communication often arises here. iv. exercises 1. match the terms with their definitions a. culture b. communication c. ethnocentrism

15、d. intercultural communication e. business communication ( )1. the belief that your own cultural background, including ways of analyzing problems, values, beliefs, language, and verbal and nonverbal communication, is superior. ( )2. the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, inst

16、itutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people. c a ( )3. a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior, or the exchange of thoughts, mess

17、ages, or information, as by speech, signals, writing, or behavior. ( )4.the communication is within business and administration, aiming at a common objective and profits for both the individuals and organizations. ( )5. the communication between people from different cultures when a member of one cu

18、lture produces a message for consumption by a member of another culture. b e d iii. the differences between chinese and western cultures please list 4 characteristics of chinese, and another 4 of americans. 1. the attitudes by foreigners towards chinese people saving face hardworking formal 1. the a

19、ttitudes by foreigners towards chinese people insensitive to time tending to misunderstand beating about the bush 1. the attitudes by foreigners towards chinese people obey but not follow being doubtful being content 2. the attitudes by foreigners towards chinese people never kiss parents fake every

20、where 2. the attitudes by chinese towards westerners kiss and hug anytime and anywhere 2. the attitudes by chinese towards westerners being punctual mind your own business too frank the way of making comments the way of life punctuality standing in a queue time for a shower daily life of elderly peo

21、ple list the differences between chinese and western cultures. 7. voice of talking in public 8. idea of oneself 9. leadership 10. family 11. education 12. colors the differences between chinese and western cultures. the way of making comments direct vs indirect 28 the way of life individual vs group

22、 29 punctuality on time vs late 30 standing in a queue line vs fan 31 time for a shower in the morning vs in the evening 32 daily life of elderly people with a dog vs with a child 33 voice of talking in public low vs high 34 idea of oneself individual-centered vs group-centered 35 leadership equal v

23、s power western: small, intimate family, retirement home, the old are separated, children leave early; being independent and look after themselves. parents never interfere with their children affairs when they are old enough. lfamily old separated young independent lchinese family traditional: big f

24、amily modern: nuclear family (a photo of ba jins family) western: performance oriented, little rote(死记硬背死记硬背) memory, ability to solve problems; practical competence of running a business is more important. eastern: experience oriented, much memorization, the more experienced you are, the more popul

25、ar you will be; you will be regarded well- educated if you can recite some ancient poems. the us students in class the chinese students in class a wedding ceremony colors a funeral v. summary why take intercultural communication? culture communication intercultural communication the differences betw

26、een chinese and western cultures vi. assignments i. exercises (p12-15) (a,c,e,g) ii. spoken or written work 1. what do you think about the culture invasion in e-times? as a college student, what you can do in such a social context? 2. what do you think about intercultural communication in e-times? i

27、n your eyes, is it a course everyone should learn or not? 3. asking yourself: am i an ethnocentrist or just the opposite? then please write a paper on how to be a successful intercultural communicator. 4. do you agree that culture is the key to intercultural communication? explain your reasons. 5. e

28、xplain how and why communication and culture are linked. exercises a. comprehension check decide whether the following statements are true (t) or false (f). _ 1. as a phenomenon, intercultural communication has existed for thousands of years. however, as a discipline, its history is only about fifty

29、 years. _2. intercultural communication as a discipline first started in europe. _3. culture is a static entity while communication is a dynamic process. _4. culture can be seen as shared knowledge, what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture. _5. although cultural ster

30、eotype has its limitations (over-generalization), it still contributes to a persons cultural cognition. t f f t t _6. in intercultural communication, we should separate ones individual character from cultural generalization. _7. cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes. the lingui

31、stic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his or her idea while cultural mistakes can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals. _8. all people of the same nationality will have the same culture. _9. although two cultures may share the same ideas, their

32、meaning and significance may not be the same. _10. ones actions are totally independent of his or her culture. t t f t f exercises c. euphemism understanding give the chinese equivalents of the following euphemisms. 1. landscape engineer 园林工人园林工人 2. tonsorial artist 理发师理发师 3. sanitation engineer 清道夫

33、清道夫/清洁工清洁工 4. shoe rebuilder 补鞋匠补鞋匠 exercises e. cultural puzzles read the following situations and choose the appropriate answer(s). there may be more than one possible answer for each cultural puzzle. 1. what would you do if someone told you to use his or her first name, but you felt uncomfortable

34、 doing this? a. you could continue to use the persons last name without explaining why. b. you could try to use the persons first name even though you feel uncomfortable doing this. c. you could ask the person, “is it ok if i use your last name?” key 1. a) no. ignoring others suggestion is impolite

35、and offensive. b) yes. when you try something new, it may be difficult at first. after a while, you will get accustomed to it. c) yes. you could learn about others customs by asking for cultural explanations. 2. situation: an american woman received a letter from a recently married japanese friend. the japanese woman wrote in her letter, “my husband is not very handsome. your husband is much more handsome than mine.” the american woman was very surprised at what her friend wrote. 1) why do you think the american was surprised? a) the american wo